ON-LINE ETIQUETTE FOR NEWBIES

Nowadays many people all over the world prefer to communicate via e-mail with friends, famili and business colleagues rather than by phone. They feel that this is a faster and more convenient way of exchanging ideas.

And indeed, e-mail does offer several ways for people to communicate including discussion groups, BBS’s or bulletin boards, and chat channels. Discussion groups are normally formed around a specific theme of interest to certain individuals and everybody in the group takes turns in the conversation. BBS’s are electronic bulletin boards where people can post messages on specific subjects. Finely, chat channels enable users to communicate in real time by interactive conversation similar to having a conference call on the phone. Of course the only difference is that you’re typing the message on the computer rather than speaking on the phone.

When joining a discussion group for the first time it is advisable to “lurk”, or observe what’s going on, for a while before actually jumping in to participate in the conversation. However, eventually you should participate actively, because lurking without participating is considered rude. It is also considered rude to place offensive or inappropriate messages. This behavior is known as “flaming” and may make some members of the group quite angry. Another, inappropriate behavior is to place the same message several times on different areas of a board. This is known as “spamming” and it wastes the time and money of people who want to retrieve messages.

There are also several typing rules to follow. Using all uppercase letters is known as “shouting” and it can be considered rude if used inappropriately. On the other hand, using all lowercase, is known as “mumbling”. E-mail users personalize their messages by adding written clues known as “Smiles” or “emoticons” to express their mood and emotions. Smiles are formed by using different characters on the keyboard, such as:

:-) Smile :’-( Crying <G> Grinning

;-) Winking :-/ Undecided <S> Smiling

;-( Frowning :-c Bummed out <L> Laughing

;-| Indifferent :-o Surprised

:-> Sarcastic :-@ Screaming

And if you’re in the romantic mood, you can always send a rose:-<-@

Answer the questions:

1. Why do many people prefer to communicate via e-mail?

2. What does BBS mean?

3. What is the most basic rule of on-line etiquette?

Контрольная работа № 1с

(только для студентов заочной формы, со сроком обучения 3 года)

Вариант

1. Заполните пропуски в предложениях глаголами to be, to have, оборотом there + to be, употребляя соответствующую форму в Present Indefinite Tense. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) … four large Universities in our city.

2) Usually I … no free time, because I … a student.

3) Moscow State University … 10 faculties.

4) My elder brother … very busy, he … a businessman.

2. Заполните пропуски нужными предлогами в скобках. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

1) ”King Lear” was written… Shakespeare. (after, by, with)

2) They are going to travel… Hawaii next month. (from, till, to)

3) What were you going… 6 o’clock yesterday? (since, in, at)

4) The European Union headquarter is… Dublin. (for, about, in)

3. Соотнести видовременную форму глагола с переводом на русский язык:

They discussed Они обсуждали (весь вечер вчера)

They had discussed Они обсуждали (вчера)

They were discussing Они обсудили (к 5 часам вечера)

4. Определите, какими частями речи являются слова, образованные с помощью суффиксов и переведите их на русский язык.

depend – dependent

science – scientist

regular – regularly

sign – signature

5. Подчеркните причастие I или II в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

5) Big companies have many managers heading different departments.

6) Hiring a new employer an employer can advertise a job in a newspaper.

7) The students must return all the books taken from the library.

8) Having lost the games the team felt upset.

6. Определите форму и функцию инфинитива в данных предложениях. Подчеркните инфинитив. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

5) I’ve done all I could to help him.

6) He hates to be asked so many questions.

7) It was natural for him to speak much.

8) The idea was too complicated to be expressed in one sentence.

7. Перепишите текст №1 и переведите его письменно на русский язык. Ответьте на вопросы после текста.

Вариант

1) I … a new modern computer.

2) This man … a very good memory, he can remember everything very well.

3) … a lot of classrooms in this Institute.

4) Mr. Black … an engineer, his brother … a mechanic.

2. Заполните пропуски нужными предлогами в скобках. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

1) The plane arrives in London … 8.30 a.m. (from, at, with)

2) He prefers travelling… plane. (by, for, on)

3) My sister plans to take a trip… car. (by, for, on)

4) She enjoys riding… a car. (by, in, for)

3. Соотнести видовременную форму глагола с переводом на русский язык:

They will make Они будут делать (завтра в 5 часов)

They will be make Они будут делать (завтра)

They will have made Они сделают (завтра к 5 часам)

depend – dependent

science – scientist

regular – regularly

sign – signature

5. Подчеркните причастие I или II в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

2) Studying the elements Mendeleyev found that they could be divided into 9 groups.

2) The explanation given by the teacher was not complete.

3) The books written by Dickens give us a realistic picture of the 19 century England.

4) People borrowing books from the library must return them in time.

1) It’s not an easy thing to learn a foreign language.

2) To play chess was his favorite pastime.

3) This is the book to be read during the summer holidays.

4) I’m sorry to have spoiled your mood.

7. Перепишите текст №2 и переведите его письменно на русский язык. Ответьте на вопросы после текста.

Вариант

1) Empire State Building in New York … is the most famous building in the world.

2) The capital of Great Britain … London.

3) … a nice garden in front of our house.

4) … much work for me to do today? – Yes, of course.

2. Заполните пропуски нужными предлогами в скобках. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

1) She enjoys riding… a car. (by, in, for)

2) What were you going… 6 o’clock yesterday? (since, in, at)

3) There is a tradition in England to drink tea… 5 o’clock. (after. Before, at)

4) Computer is a combination… five elements.(of, on, over)

3. Соотнести видовременную форму глагола с переводом на русский язык:

They will show Они покажут (завтра до 11 часов)

They will be showing Они будут показывать (завтра с 10-11 часов)

They will have shown Они покажут (завтра)

person –personal

direct – direction

popular – popularity

careful – carefully

5. Подчеркните причастие I или II в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) Forbidden fruit is sweet.

2) A penny saved is a penny gained.

3) He could travel all over the world knowing five languages.

4) Being upset he couldn’t concentrate on his thoughts.

1) I’ve done all I could to help him.

2) He hates to be asked so many questions.

3) It was natural for him to speak much.

4) The idea was too complicated to be expressed in one sentence.

7. Перепишите текст №1 и переведите его письменно на русский язык. Ответьте на вопросы после текста.

Вариант

1) My friend … a very good profession, he … a manager.

2) … women traffic police in England, which regulate street traffic.

3) … many good laboratories and lecture halls in Moscow State University.

4) The students of this college … very good conditions for studying.

2. Заполните пропуски нужными предлогами в скобках. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

1) We do business… global economy. (at, in, from)

2) Let me introduce my staff… you. (with, to, for)

3) There is no smoke… a fire. (without, with, in)

4) I can come any day… Thursday. (after, on, in)

3. Соотнести видовременную форму глагола с переводом на русский язык:

They spent Они потратили (вчера к 3 часам)

They had spent Они тратили (весь день)

They were spending Они потратили (в прошлом)

depend – dependent

science – scientist

regular – regularly

sign – signature

5. Подчеркните причастие I или II в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) Do you know this young man speaking with a manager?

2) Having read he decided to answer it immediately.

3) The work done by the student was really difficult.

4) Playing in the yard the children didn’t notice that it became dark.

1) I’ve done all I could to help him.

2) He hates to be asked so many questions.

3) It was natural for him to speak much.

4) The idea was too complicated to be expressed in one sentence.

7. Перепишите текст №2 и переведите его письменно на русский язык. Ответьте на вопросы после текста.

Вариант

1) I … a new modern computer.

2) This man … a very good memory, he can remember everything very well.

3)… a lot of classrooms in this Institute.

4) Mr. Black … an engineer, his brother … a mechanic.

2. Заполните пропуски нужными предлогами в скобках. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

1) The plane arrives in London … 8.30 a.m. (from, at, with)

2) He prefers travelling… plane. (by, for, on)

3) My sister plans to take a trip… car. (by, for, on)

4) She enjoys riding… a car. (by, in, for)

3. Соотнести видовременную форму глагола с переводом на русский язык:

They spent Они потратили (вчера к 3 часам)

They had spent Они тратили (весь день)

They were spending Они потратили (в прошлом)

instruct – instructions

fail – failure

receive – receiver

add – additional

5. Подчеркните причастие I или II в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) The holiday called Thanksgiving Day is celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November.

2) Having lost all his fortune he lived on the generosity of other people.

3) Lost time is never found again.

4) Entering into the burning house the fireman saw an old woman

1) Linda seems to have lost a lot of weight.

2) What is better – to give or to be given presents?

3) They are glad to have done the work in time.

4) It was wise of him to discuss the matter in a very detail.

7. Перепишите текст №1 и переведите его письменно на русский язык. Ответьте на вопросы после текста.

Вариант

1) I … a new modern computer.

2) This man … a very good memory, he can remember everything very well.

3) … a lot of classrooms in this Institute.

4) Mr. Black … an engineer, his brother … a mechanic.

2. Заполните пропуски нужными предлогами в скобках. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

1) The plane arrives in London … 8.30 a.m. (from, at, with)

2) He prefers travelling… plane. (by, for, on)

3) My sister plans to take a trip… car. (by, for, on)

4) She enjoys riding… a car. (by, in, for)

3. Соотнести видовременную форму глагола с переводом на русский язык:

They will show Они покажут (завтра до 11 часов)

They will be showing Они будут показывать (завтра с 10-11 часов)

They will have shown Они покажут (завтра)

person –personal

direct – direction

popular – popularity

careful – carefully

5. Подчеркните причастие I или II в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) Do you know this young man speaking with a manager?

2) Having read he decided to answer it immediately.

3) The work done by the student was really difficult.

4) Playing in the yard the children didn’t notice that it became dark.

1) My father is saving money to buy a car.

2) People don’t like to be laughed at.

3) I remember to have met this man at the meeting.

4) Where is Boris? – He must be preparing for his exams.

7. Перепишите текст №2 и переведите его письменно на русский язык. Ответьте на вопросы после текста.

Вариант

1) … millions of stars within our galaxy.

2) I don’t … much time, but I’ll try to help you.

3) You are our new teacher of Economics, … you?

4) Empire State Building in New York … the most famous building in the world.

2. Заполните пропуски нужными предлогами в скобках. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

1) … the help of a computer we can do a difficult calculations. (by, without, with)

2) Google search system was developed…California. (by, in, at)

3) There is a tradition in England to drink tea… 5 o’clock. (after, before, at)

4) Computer is a combination… five elements.(of, on, over)

3. Соотнести видовременную форму глагола с переводом на русский язык:

They will make Они будут делать (завтра в 5 часов)

They will be make Они будут делать (завтра)

They will have made Они сделают (завтра к 5 часам)

happy – happily

develop – development

able – ability

simple – simplify

5. Подчеркните причастие I или II в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) Big companies have many managers heading different departments.

2) Hiring a new employer an employer can advertise a job in a newspaper.

3) The students must return all the books taken from the library.

4) Having lost the games the team felt upset.

1) My father is saving money to buy a car.

2) People don’t like to be laughed at.

3) I remember to have met this man at the meeting.

4) Where is Boris? – He must be preparing for his exams.

7. Перепишите текст №2 и переведите его письменно на русский язык. Ответьте на вопросы после текста

Вариант

1) … somebody waiting for you in the hall.

2) … more than 30 theatres in Broadway in New York.

3) Do you … any free time tonight?

4) Robert Burns … a favorite Scottish poet.

2. Заполните пропуски нужными предлогами в скобках. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

1) There are some flowers … the vase. (under, at, in)

2) We decided to go … Europe last summer. (to, in, on)

3) I like travelling… a boat. (on, with, for)

4) My brother is not going… me. (on, by, with)

3. Соотнести видовременную форму глагола с переводом на русский язык:

They spent Они потратили (вчера к 3 часам)

They had spent Они тратили (весь день)

They were spending Они потратили (в прошлом)

instruct – instructions

fail – failure

receive – receiver

add – additional

5. Подчеркните причастие I или II в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) A balsa tree found in the South Africa is lighter than any other tree.

2) Having dot the necessary results the students stopped to make experiments.

3) The channel linking the two seas is being built now.

4) Being busy he couldn’t attend an important international football match.

1) Nature has many secrets to be discovered yet.

2) What is more pleasant: to give or to be given presents?

3) To improve your phonetics you should record your speech and listen to it.

4) I’m sorry to have interrupted you.

7. Перепишите текст №1 и переведите его письменно на русский язык. Ответьте на вопросы после текста

Вариант

1) … millions of stars within our galaxy.

2) The students usually … English classes in the morning.

3) I think you … not quite right.

4) Pete and Mary … the students of economic faculty.

2. Заполните пропуски нужными предлогами в скобках. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

1) I prefer to go … the seaside. (in, to, with)

2) Nowadays more and more agreements are made…English. (on, in, from)

3) I’d like to travel all… the world. (over, under, in)

4) My sister plans to take a trip… car. (by, for, on)

3. Соотнести видовременную форму глагола с переводом на русский язык:

They published Они напечатали (вчера к 2 часам)

They had published Они печатали (в прошлом)

They were publishing Они печатали (вчера с 12-3 часов)

hero – heroic

economy – economist

happy – happiness

valid – validity

5. Подчеркните причастие I или II в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) A balsa tree found in the South Africa is lighter than any other tree.

2) Having dot the necessary results the students stopped to make experiments.

3) The channel linking the two seas is being built now.

4) Being busy he couldn’t attend an important international football match.

1) It’s not an easy thing to learn a foreign language.

2) To play chess was his favorite pastime.

3) This is the book to be read during the summer holidays.

4) I’m sorry to have spoiled your mood.

7. Перепишите текст №2 и переведите его письменно на русский язык. Ответьте на вопросы после текста

Вариант

1) … somebody waiting for you in the hall.

2) … more than 30 theatres in Broadway in New York.

3) Do you … any free time tonight?

4) Robert Burns … a favorite Scottish poet.

2. Заполните пропуски нужными предлогами в скобках. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

1) There are some flowers … the vase. (under, at, in)

2) We decided to go … Europe last summer. (to, in, on)

3) I like travelling… a boat. (on, with, for)

4) My brother is not going… me. (on, by, with)

3. Соотнести видовременную форму глагола с переводом на русский язык:

They spent Они потратили (вчера к 3 часам)

They had spent Они тратили (весь день)

They were spending Они потратили (в прошлом)

person –personal

direct – direction

popular – popularity

careful – carefully

5. Подчеркните причастие I или II в следующих предложениях. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

5) Not knowing I couldn’t write a letter to my distant relatives.

6) The holiday called Thanksgiving Day is celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November.

7) Forbidden fruit is sweet.

8) Having signed all the documents the boss began to make telephone calls.

1) Nature has many secrets to be discovered yet.

2) What is more pleasant: to give or to be given presents?

3) To improve your phonetics you should record your speech and listen to it.

4) I’m sorry to have interrupted you.

7. Перепишите текст №1 и переведите его письменно на русский язык. Ответьте на вопросы после текста

Текст №1

HARDWARE

What is hardware? Webster's dictionary gives us the following definition of the hardware — the mechanical, magnetic, electronic, and electrical devices composing a computer system.

Computer hardware can be divided into four categories:

1) input hardware

2) processing hardware

3) storage hardware

4) output hardware.

Processing hardware

The purpose of processing hardware is retrieve, interpret and direct the execution of software instructions provided to the computer. The most common components of processing hardware are the Central Processing Unit and main memory.

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the brain of the computer. It reads and interprets software instructions and coordinates the processing activities that must take place. The design of the CPU affects the processing power and the speed of the computer, as well as the amount of main memory it can use effectively. With a well-designed CPU in your computer, you can perform highly sophisticated tasks in a very short time.

Memory is the system of component of the computer in which information is stored. There are two types of computer memory: RAM and ROM.

RAM (random access memory) is the volatile computer memory, used for creating loading, and running programs and for manipulating and temporarily storing data;

ROM (read only memory) is nonvolatile, nonmodifiable computer memory, used to hold programmed instructions to the system.

The more memory you have in your computer, the more operations you can perform that is the faster it works.

Output hardware

The purpose of output hardware is to provide the user with the means to view information produced by the computer system. Information is output in either hardcopy or softcopy form. Hardcopy output can be held in your hand, such as paper with text (word or numbers) or graphics printed on it. Softcopy output is displayed on a monitor.

Monitor is a component with a display screen for viewing computer data, television programs, etc.

Printer is a computer output device that produces a paper copy of data or graphics.

Modem is an example of communication hardware — an electronic device that makes possible the transmission of data to or from computer via telephone or other communication lines.

Hardware comes in many configurations, depending on what the computer system is designed to do. Hardware can fill several floors of a large office building or can fit on your lap.

Answer the questions:

1. What is hardware according to Webster’s dictionary?

2. What is the purpose of processing hardware?

3. How many types of computer memory are there?

4. What is the purpose of output hardware?

5. Which devices does output hardware include? What are their functions?

Текст №2

SOFTWARE

A computer to complete a job requires more than just the actual equipment or hardware we see and touch. It requires Software — programs for directing the operation of a computer or electronic data.

Software is the final computer system component. These computer programs instruct the hardware how to conduct processing. The computer is merely a general-purpose machine which requires specific software to perform a given task. Computers can input, calculate, compare, and output data as information. Software: determines the order in which these operations are performed.

Programs usually fall in one of two categories: system software and applications software.

System software controls standard internal computer activities. An operating system, for example, is a collection of system programs that aid in the operation of a computer regardless of the application software being used. When a computer is first turned on, one of the system programmes is booted or loaded into the computers memory. This software contains information about memory capacity, the model of the processor, the disk. drives to be used, and more. Once the system software is loaded, the applications software can be brought in.

System programmes are designed for the specific pieces of hardware. These programmes are called drivers and coordinate peripheral hardware and computer activities. User needs to install a specific driver in order to activate a peripheral device. For example, if you intend to buy a printer or a scanner you need to worry in advance about the driver programme which, though, commonly goes along with your device. By installing the driver you «teach» your mainboard to «understand» the newly attached part. However, in modern computer systems the drivers are usually installed in the operating system.

Applications software satisfies your specific need. The developers of application software rely mostly on marketing research strategies trying to do their best to attract more users (buyers) to their software. As the productivity of the hardware has increased greatly in recent years, the programmers nowadays tend to include as much as possible in one programme to make software interface look more attractive to the user. These class of programmes is the most numerous and perspective from the marketing point of view.

Data communication within and between computers systems is handled by system software. Communications software transfers data from one computer system to another. These programmes usually provide users with data security and error checking along with physically transferring data between the two computer's memories. During the past five years the developing electronic network communication has stimulated more and more companies to produce various communication software, Such as Web-Browsers for Internet.

Answer the questions:

1. Why does a computer requires software?

2. What are the functions of system software and application software?

3. What Kind of programs are called drivers?

4. Why do the modern programmers include as much as possible in one program?

5. Why do the companies nowadays produce various communication software?

6. Выполнение и оформление контрольных работ

Контрольные работы состоят из 10 вариантов по 6-7 заданий в каждом, варианты выбираются по последней цифре зачетной книжки студента.

При выполнении работ студенты знакомятся с рекомендуемой основной и дополнительной литературой.

Структура контрольных работ: указать номер и содержание задания, представить полный ответ (литература, введение, содержание, приложения не требуются).

Общий объем работы: 6-10 стр.

Оформление контрольных работ должно соответствовать требованиям, приведенным в методическом пособии «Выполнение контрольных и курсовых работ: Методические рекомендации для студентов, обучающихся по ФГОС-3» (ВСЭИ, 2013).

7. Учебно-методическое обеспечение

А. Основная литература

1. Агабекян, И.П. Английский язык для бакалавров = A Course of English for Bachelor`s Degree Students. Intermediate level / И.П. Агабекян. – Ростов н/Д: Феникс, 2013.

2. Гарагуля, С.И. Английский язык для делового общения = Learning Business Communication in English: учеб. пособие / С.И. Гарагуля. – Ростов н/Д: Феникс, 2013.

Б. Дополнительная литература

1. Аполлова, М.А. Грамматические трудности перевода. - М., 1977.

2. Бейзе, А.А. Смысловые структуры коммуникации текста. - Минск, 1982.

3. Бейзе, А.А. Чтение, рефератирование и аннотирование иностранного текста.- М., 1988.

4. Восковская, А.С. Английский язык для вузов: учебное пособие / А.С. Восковская, Т.А. Карпова. - Ростов н/Д: Феникс, 2010. - 349 с.

5. Деловой английский: учебное пособие / Федорова Л.М., Никитаев С.Н. – 2-е изд. – М.: Гардарики, 2005.

6. Докштейн, С.Я. и др. Практический курс перевода научно-технической литературы (английский язык). - М., 1973.

7. Игнатова Т.В. Английский язык для общения. – М.: РТ – Пресс, 2002.

8. Савина, Н.А. Грамматика современного английского языка: учеб. пособие / Н.А. Савина. – Киров, 2010.

9. Liz and John Soars. Headway Elementary. – Oxford University Press, 1998.

10. Tullis G. New Insights into Business: students book. - Longman, 2005.

В. Программное обеспечение

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Г. Базы данных, информационно-справочные и поисковые системы

Автоматизированная информационно-библиотечная система «Марк».

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