The work highlights current methodological issues of modern foreign psychology of perception, associated with the presence of divergent and convergent trends in the development of research and ontologization of the subject of research. The modern "perceptual" specificity of the tendency to the formation of ontological research approaches is shown. This tendency is growing steadily in the last 2-3 decades: intensive methodological searches are conducted here in two directions: in relation to the subject of research and in relation to its object. Ontologization of the subject of psychological perceptual research is aimed at revealing the natural principles of the organization of mental reality, which allows researchers to discover ever deeper and more essential levels of the organization of psychic reality. On the basis of extensive empirical material, we ascertain a strong interest in the fundamental study of the "new" perceptual reality as one of the options for the development of modern scientific knowledge. The negative aspects of ontologizationare singled out, causing significant distortions in the overall picture of the object or subject of research. Topical issues of comparability of empirical data from different studies are discussed; modern interpretation models of perceptual empiricism - the Bayesian approach that dominates today, as well as the Gestalt theory and the approach of Enactivism, for which it is proposed to use the Russian term "Postanovlenie". The desirability of a principled renewal of the content of the subject of perceptual research is, judging from the literature, quite clearly understood. Despite the huge history of the analysis of the phenomenon of "perception" in philosophy and science, today there are new attempts to explicate it, accentuating those aspects of perceptual processes and phenomena that are relevant at the modern level of cognition. New methodological solutions are presented in studies of classical perceptual problems.
Keywords: methodology, method, perception, perceptual research, cognitivism, Bayesian approach, gestalt theory, enactivism, form of cognition.
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About authors.
G.V.Shukova,
G.V.Shookova, Ph.D., First Deputy Director, Psychological Institute
S.L. Artemenkov, Ph.D., Professor, Moscow State University of Psychology and Education
Белинская Е.П., Франтова Д.К.
BelinskayaE.P., FrantovaD.K.
Психологический институт РАО
МГУ имени М.В.Ломоносова
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