I. Read the text. Translate it into Russian. Put 7 questions of different types to it. Write out a) verbs in passive, b) modal verbs with the meaningful verbs.
CLOUD COMPUTING - USING SOFTWARE ON THE INTERNET
Cloud computing means using software that is installed on the Internet. You can also save your work on another computer instead of the hard drive of your own PC or laptop. Music, letters, presentations and other projects can be stored on clouds, data storage areas on giant servers on the Internet.
There are many so-called web applications that can do the same as normal desktop software. Google Documents, for example, gives you a text editor, a slide show application and a program for creating tables and diagrams. You can use these programs for free – from any computer all over the world.
Up to now web browsers were only used to search for information on the Internet and show it. But now they have become something like operating systems which can give you almost everything that you have on your own PC desktop.
Cloud computing can also be cheaper than buying expensive software. Many basicapplications on the net are free, but you may have to pay to use some of the more complex programs. Companies do not have to buy expensive software licenses for all their workers and computers do not have to be better and more powerful all the time because all you need is a simple web browser, like the Internet Explorer and Firefox.
Cloud computing allows people from different parts of the world to work on a project together. Teachers and pupils, for example, might work on the same text together. Companies around the world can work together on a single computer and do not have to send data back and forth.
There are, however, some things that make computer users skeptical. One of the big problems is security. With cloud computing, your data is given to someone else. Users are also worried that they might lose their data on other computers. In any case, cloud computing is marching forward and in a few years we may only be having a web browser running on our PCs.
II. Choose the correct verb in brackets. Define the tense forms, voice of the underlined verbs. Translate the sentences into Russian. - Выберите подходящую форму глагола. Определите видовременную форму и залог глаголов. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Silicon Valley (located/is located) in California.
2. Keyboards first, then digital tablets from 2010 (have invaded/have been invaded) developed countries.
3. Cloud computing (allows/is allowed) people from different parts of the world (to be worked/to work) on a project together.
4. At the moment the objects (are being manipulated/are manipulating) by the robot.
5. A hacker (has just been cracked/has just cracked) a database of the bank website.
6. The silicon transistor (was developed/developed) in the1970s.
7. The picture and sound (are becoming/are become) increasingly important to the text. The picture and sound (make/are made) the text easier to understand
III. Complete the sentences below using the following verbs in the passive. Translate the sentences: - Поставьте глаголы в пассивном залоге в подходящей временной форме. Переведите предложения.
(Model: The printers ……… three weeks late. (deliver)
The printers were delivered three weeks late.
Принтеры доставили на три недели позже.)
1. The computer memory …… by opening too many files. (overload)
2. When the initial problems......... the machine worked like clockwork. (solve)
3. The machine ………..… by pressing this small orange button. (operate)
4. Last year their new factory ……………… on the outskirts of the town. (construct)
5. Over $3 million........... on advertising last year. (spend)
6. The advertising prospectus ………………….. to all potential investors. (send)
7. An extraordinary general meeting.......... on Wednesday. (hold)
IV. Choose the correct modal verb/phrase in italics. Translate the sentences from English into Russian paying attention to the meaning of the modal verb. – Выберите подходящий модальный глагол/фразу. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на значение модальных глаголов.
1. (May / must) I use your computer while you are away?
2. We are (not allowed to / shouldn’t) use social networking sites at work.
3 You (need / should) to have an antivirus programme on your computer.
4 You (mustn’t/aren’t permitted) clean the computer with polish.
5 (Could/must) you recommend an external hard drive, please?
6 I (can/am able) to repair your computer.
7 You (mustn’t / couldn’t) be late tomorrow. The big boss is coming to our office.
8 If you don’t back up your files you (might/have to) lose some files.
9 The computer memory (can/ought to) be overloaded by opening too many files.
V. In this passage about the use of computers in business you must fill each blank with one word. Choose each word from the following list. You must use each word once only. - прочитайте текст, заполните пробелы словами из таблицы.
| accurate | input | printer | screen |
| components | keyboard | modem | single |
| continuous | linked | records | supplies |
| floppy | output | retrieve | transactions |
USING COMPUTERS
Computers are being used more and more in business because they are fast, efficient and 1………….
Here are some ways in which computers are used:
Insurance companies use them to store and 2 ………… details of clients' policies.
Production departments in companies use them to ensure they have adequate
3 ………… of raw materials and 4…………...
Banks use them for processing details of accounts and 5 ………………...
Personnel departments use them to keep 6 …………… of a company's employees.
Can you think of any other ways in which computers are used?
The most common ways in which you can 7 …………… information into a computer are:
- by typing it on a 8.........
- from a 9.............. disk
- by 10............. over a telephone link.
- from another computer 11...... to yours.
A computer can 12.......... information:
- on a 13............ called a VDU (visual display unit),
- to a 14............ which may use 15....... ……. sheets or 16 ……… stationery,
- to a floppy disk,
-to another computer.
VI. Choose the correct word to complete each sentence. You may have to change some words slightly. – заполните пробелы подходящими по смыслу словами, добавляя нужные окончания, если необходимо.
1. applying, applicant, application, applicable
a) My student is thinking of ____________ for a government grant to continue his research.
b) The new book uses business ____________ to teach computer studies.
2. corrected, correctly, corrective, correctness
a) The data was entered ____________, so the result must be accurate.
b) The mistake was detected and __________ immediately.
3. considerably, consider, considerable, consideration
a) The CEO has submitted this proposal for your __________.
b) This computer is ___________ faster than the old one.
4. depend, dependence, dependable, dependably
a) This is very______ equipment. We have never had a serious breakdown.
b) Today, in many companies the employees’ salary __________ on their skills and ability to work hard.
5. engaged, engaging, engagement
a) The line is _________ so I'll have to try again later.
b) Cancel all my ___________ for the rest of the day, please.
VII. Choose the correct words in italics. Translate the dialogue. – выберите подходящее слово. Переведите диалог.
A: Why do we have to (1) follow / notify these new security procedures?
B: Because last month a (2) hijack / hacker got into our system. He installed (3) adware / spyware to see what we did on the computers.
A: That’s terrible!
B: Yes, it is. And another time we had a (4) worm / firewall in the system. It destroyed everything on the hard drive. I (5) transferred / reported it to my supervisor when I discovered it but it was too late to recover most of the files.
A: They’re really dangerous, aren’t they?
B: They can be. Did you (6) save / unplug your computer last night?
A: Yes, I did.
B: You shouldn’t (7) disconnect / install it. It causes all kinds of problems.
A: Oh dear! Sorry. I (8) checked / loaded new software onto it yesterday evening.
B: Did you (9) back up / put up your files before you did that?
A: Yes, of course.
B: You should be OK, then.
VIII. Complete these sentences with the words in the box. – Заполните пропуски подходящими словами.
adware biometric scanning browser hijacker encryption
hacker malware attack spyware Trojan
1 A(n) ____________ is someone who tries to break into a computer system.
2 A program which is usually free but contains a virus is called a(n) __________.
3 An effort to get unauthorised access to a computer is called a(n) ___________.
4 A(n) ____________ is software that replaces the user’s search engine with its own.
5 ____________ blocks authorised access.
6 Software that sends information about the use of a computer system is called ____________.
7 ____________ is one way to make sure that only authorised people access the network.
8 ____________ is software that automatically plays commercials on a computer.
IX. Read these texts. Are the sentences true (T) or false (F)? – Прочитайте тексты. Обозначьте утверждения верно – Т, неверно - F.
Range
Wireless networks have limited range. Network range depends on the type of 802.11 protocol, the strength of the device transmitter and the architecture of the surrounding area. Some structures such as walls and metal frames reduce the range of a WLAN by 25%. However, users can extend the range of a WLAN. Repeaters forward the wireless signal to access points or routers and increase the range of a network.
Speed
Bandwith and latency are the measures of computer network speed, or data transfer rate. Bandwidth is the maximum throughput of date in bits per second. Some modems support 100 Gbit/s but speed depends on the hardware and software used. Latency is the delay that network creates during the transfer of data. Users have no or very little control over bandwidth and latency.
1 Wireless networks don’t have a wide range. (T / F)
2 Network range depends on different factors. (T / F)
3 Walls and metal frames can increase the range of a WLAN. (T / F)
4 It’s possible to increase the range of a WLAN. (T / F)
5 Data transfer rate is measured in bandwidth and latency. (T / F)
6 The minimum throughput of data in bits per second is the latency. (T / F)
7 Speed depends only on the hardware used. (T / F)
8 Users can control the latency. (T / F)