1. The British police officer- sometimes called the "bobby" after Sir Robert Peel, the founder of the police force - is a well-known figure to anyone who has visited Britain or who has seen British films. Few people realize that the police in Britain are organized very differently from many other countries.
2. Most countries, for example, have a national police force which is controlled by central Government. Britain has no national police force, although police policy is governed by the central Government's Home Office. Instead, there is a separate police force for each of 52 areas into which the country is divided. Each has a police authority a committee of local county councilors and magistrates.
3. The forces со-operate with each other, but it is unusual for members of one force to operate in another's area unless they are asked to give assistance. This sometimes happens when there has been a very serious crime. A Chief Constable (the most senior police officer of a force) may sometimes ask for the assistance of London's police force, based at New Scotland Yard - known simply as "the Yard".
4. In most countries the police carry guns. The British police generally do not carry firearms, except in Northern Ireland. Only a few police are regularly armed - for instance, those who guard politicians and diplomats or who patrol airports. In certain circumstances specially trained police officers can be armed, but only with the signed permission of a magistrate.
ВАРИАНТ V
I. Перепишите следующие предложения, найдите и подчеркните в них Gerund. Предложения переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на функции герундия.
1. Imprisonment is a means for educating and not a means for debasing human dignity.
2. Before hearing the case in court there is a preliminary investigation of a crime.
3. An arrest is taking a person into custody.
II. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Crimes are uncovered through criminal procedure and operative-search activities.
2. The problem of indeterminate sentence is being widely discussed in many countries.
3. A new criminal-executive code of Belarus has been worked out by 1993.
4. This experiment held in one of the correctional institutions was much spoken about.
III. Перепишите следующие предложения, найдите в них и подчеркните инфинитив. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.
1. The goal of operative-search activities is to detect crimes and find their perpetrators.
2. Inspector Edward Henry was the first to work out fingerprint classification system.
3. The speaker emphasized the role to be played by the Municipal Police in the fight against economic crimes.
IV. Перепишите следующие предложения, найдите в них независимый (самостоятельный) причастный оборот и подчеркните его. Переведите предложения, учитывая особенности перевода независимого причастного оборота на русский язык.
1. The post of the US President is elective, the presidential elections taking place every 4 years.
2. The district courts being the primary link of the judiciary, most of the criminal and civil cases are tried by these courts.
V. Перепишите следующие сложные предложения, найдите в них придаточные предложения условия и подчеркните их. Переведите предложения, учитывая особенности перевода условных предложений на русский язык.
1. If the conduct of a prisoner is extremely bad, he may be transferred bу a court decision to an institution with a stricter regime.
2. If the jury decide that the accused is not guilty, he is immediately discharged.
3. If the investigation had been conducted with greater thoroughness, the case would have been solved much sooner.
VI. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст
SCOTLAND YARD
1. Apart from the 999 Room, one of the most interesting places in Scotland Yard is the Map Room. Here is the Central Crime Map, the Deaths by Violence Map, the Accidents Map and the Vehicles Recovered Map.
2. An old-established section of the Metropolitan Police is the Mounted Branch, with its strength of about 200 horses stabled at strategic points.
3. An interesting branch of Scotland Yard is the branch of Police Dogs, first used as an experiment in 1938. Now these dogs are an important part of the Force. One dog, for example, can search a ware-house in ten minutes, whereas the same search would take six men an hour.
4. There is also the River Police or Thames Division, which has its own crime investigation officers who handle all crimes occurring within its river boundaries.
5. There are two other departments of Scotland Yard - the Witness Room where a photographic record of known or suspected criminals is kept, and the Museum, which contains murder relicts, forgery exhibits and coining moulds.
6. The name “Scotland Yard” originates from the plot of land adjoining Whitehall Palace where, in about the 14th century, the royalty and nobility of Scotland stayed when visiting the English Court.
ВАРИАНТ VI
I. Перепишите следующие предложения, найдите и подчеркните в них Gerund. Предложения переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на функции герундия.
1. Though there were many attempts of giving a definition of a “crime”, no really satisfactory definition of a “crime” has yet been given.
2. The main task of police work is the task of protecting society against crime.
3. Theories on law were based on asserting that law plays a constructive role in society.
II. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. First the anthropometrical system introduced by Alphonse Bertillon in 1882 was used as the means of individual identification.
2. A copy of the instructions will be sent to the jury room for the use of jurors during their deliberations.
3. A new service for the fight against organized crime has been created in our militia.
4. Fingerprints of the offender are often found at the scene of a crime.
III. Перепишите следующие предложения, найдите в них и подчеркните инфинитив. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.
1. Witnesses for the prosecution may be cross-examined.
2. To enter the scene of a crime and carelessly handle objects before they have been photographed and examined for fingerprints is unforgivable.
3. The defendant preferred to make a statement through his solicitor.
4. The evidence to be found at a crime scene is very important for the investigation.
IV. Перепишите следующие предложения, найдите в них независимый (самостоятельный) причастный оборот и подчеркните его. Переведите предложения, учитывая особенности перевода независимого причастного оборота на русский язык.
1. The article being interesting and important, I used it in my report.
2. The political platform of the Republican and Democratic parties in the USA being alike, the Democrats and Republicans essentially conduct the similar policy.
V. Перепишите следующие сложные предложения, найдите в них придаточные предложения условия и подчеркните их. Переведите предложения, учитывая особенности перевода условных предложений на русский язык.
1. If it were not for the law, you could not go out in broad daylight without the fear of being kidnapped, robbed or murdered.
2. If a crime has been committed, the militia officers should do all they can to detect the offender; it means to locate and apprehend him.
3. One must put himself in the place of the criminal. What would the investigator himself do if he were in the same situation and conditions?
VI. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.