Упражнение 381
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Participle или Perfect Participle.
1. (to do) his homework, he was thinking hard. 2. (to do) his homework, he went for a walk. 3. (to sell) fruit, he looked back from time to time, hoping to see his friends. 4. (to sell) all the fruit, he went to see his friends. 5. (to eat) all the potatoes, she drank a cup of tea. 6. (to drink) tea, she scalded her lips. 7. (to run) in the yard, I fell and hurt my knee. 8. (to look) through some magazines, I came across an interesting article about UFOs. 9. (to write) out and (to learn) all the new words, he was able to translate the text easily. 10. (to live) in the south of our country, he cannot enjoy the beauty of St. Petersburg's White Nights in summer. 11. (to talk) to her neighbour in the street, she did not notice how a thief stole her money. 12. (to read) the story, she closed the book and put it on the shelf.
13. (to buy) some juice and cakes, we went home.
14. (to sit) near the fire, he felt very warm.
| «1 | Формы причастия | |
| Active | Passive | |
| Present Perfect Past | writing having written | being written having been written written |
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Причастие 313
| Как переводить разные формы причастия на русский язык | ||
| Формы причастия | Как их переводить | |
| причастием | деепричастием | |
| reading | читающий | читая |
| having read | — | прочитав |
| being read | читаемый (т. е. который читают) | будучи читаемым (т. е. когда его читали), будучи прочитанным (т. е. когда его прочитали) |
| having been read | — | будучи прочитанным (т. е. когда его прочитали) |
| read | прочитанный | — |
| building | строящий | строя |
| having built | — | построив |
| being built | строящийся (т. е. который строят) | будучи строящимся (т. е. когда его строили) будучи построенным (т. е. когда его построили) |
| having been built | — | будучи построенным (т. е. когда его построили) |
| built | построенный | — |
Упражнение 382
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на причастия.
1. The boy lay sleeping when the doctor came. 2. The broken arm was examined by the doctor.
3. While being examined, the boy could not help crying. 4. Having prescribed the medicine, the doctor went away. 5. The medicine prescribed by the doctor was bitter. 6. The dress bought at the department store was very beautiful. 7. While using a needle, you should be careful not to prick your finger. 8. While crossing the street, one should first look to the left and then to the right. 9. People watching a performance are called an audience. 10. Being very ill, she could not go to school. 11. The first rays of the rising sun lit up the top of the hill. 12. The tree struck by lightning was all black and leafless. 13. Being busy, he postponed his trip. 14. The door bolted on the inside could not be opened. 15. Having been shown the wrong direction, the travellers soon lost their way. 16. The room facing the garden is much more comfortable than this one. 17. Having descended the mountain, they heard a man calling for help. 18. Flushed and excited, the boy came running to his mother. 19. He stood watching the people who were coming down the street shouting and waving their hands.
| Обратите внимание на способы перевода на английский язык русских причастий | ||||
| CD S 1- о СО о. П. | действительный залог | несовершенный вид | бросающий, бросавший | throwing нельзя1 |
| совершенный вид | бросивший | нельзя1 | ||
| страдательный залог | несовершенный вид | бросаемый | being thrown | |
| совершенный вид | брошенный | thrown |
1 Действительное причастие совершенного вида (а также несовершенного вида прошедшего времени) может быть переведено на английский язык только придаточным определительным предложением (who threw, who has thrown, who had thrown).
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Причастие
| Обратите внимание на способы перевода на английский язык русских деепричастий: | ||||
| О S 1-о СО о. с. G) G) d | действительный залог | несовершенный вид | бросая | throwing |
| совершенный вид | бросив | having thrown | ||
| страдательный залог | несовершенный вид | будучи бросаемым | being thrown | |
| совершенный вид | будучи брошенным | being thrown having been thrown |
Упражнение 383
Переведите следующие русские причастия и деепричастия на английский язык.
Приносящий, принесенный, принося, принеся, переводящий, переведенный, переводя, переведя, давая, написав, читающий, берущий, данный, прочитав, сделанный, пьющий, сказанный, будучи потерянным, нарисовав, написавший, делая, взятый, взяв, рисуя, выпитый, сделав, идя, пишущий, прочитанный, дав, рисующий, делающий, нарисованный, выпив, говорящий, беря, написанный, читая, идущий, дающий, сказав, сидевший, посмотрев, будучи забыт, строящий, строящийся, играя, поиграв, рассказанный, рассказавший, видя, принесший, будучи принесенным, построенный, продав.
Упражнение 384
В следующих предложениях употребите, где возможно, причастия вместо глаголов в личной форме. Изменяйте конструкцию предложения, где необходимо.
1. When he was running across the yard, he fell. 2. When I was going home yesterday, I kept think-
ing about my friend. 3. He put on his coat, went out and looked at the cars which were passing by. 4. She closed the book, put it aside and looked at the children who were running about in the yard. 5. As the book was translated into Russian, it could be read by everybody. 6. As we were given dictionaries, we managed to translate the article easily. 7. As soon as I have done my homework, I shall go for a walk. 8. As soon as I have bought the book, I shall begin reading it.
Упражнение 385
Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму причастия.
1. (to write) in very bad handwriting, the letter was difficult to read. 2. (to write) his first book, he could not help worrying about the reaction of the critics. 3. (to spend) twenty years abroad, he was happy to be coming home. 4. (to be) so far away from home, he still felt himself part of the family. 5. She looked at the enormous bunch of roses with a happy smile, never (to give) such a wonderful present before. 6. (not to wish) to discuss that difficult and painful problem, he changed the subject. 7. (to translate) by a good specialist, the story preserved all the sparkling humour of the original. 8. (to approve) by the critics, the young author's story was accepted by a thick magazine. 9. (to wait) for some time in the hall, he was invited into the drawing room. 10. (to wait) in the hall, he thought over the problem he was planning to discuss with the old lady. 11. They reached the oasis at last, (to walk) across the endless desert the whole day. 12. (to lie) down on the soft couch, the exhausted child fell asleep at once. 13. She went to work, (to leave) the child with the nurse. 14. (to phone) the agency, he left (to say) he would be back in two hours.
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Упражнение 386
Замените выделенные части предложений причастными оборотами. Изменяйте конструкцию предложения, где необходимо.
1. When he arrived at the railway station, he
bought a ticket, walked to the platform and boarded the train. 2. As he was promised help, he felt calmer. 3. After he was shown in, he was told to take off his coat and wait for a while. 4. Robin-son started the building of the house at once and finished it before the season of rains set in. 5. He poured out a cup of coffee, sat down in an armchair and looked at the woman who was sitting opposite him. 6. When he had left the house and was crossing the street, he suddenly stopped as he remembered that he had forgotten to phone his friend. 7. He looked at me and hesitated: he did not know what to say. 8. As he had long lived in those parts and knew the place very well, he easily found his way to the marketplace. 9. He has no language problems, because he has been studying English for a long time. 10. After I had written this exercise, I began to doubt whether it was correct. 11. Take care when you cross the street. 12. Students should always be attentive when they are listening to the lecturer. 13. There are many students who study music. 14. Don't you feel tired after you have walked so much?
Упражнение 387
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя требующуюся форму причастия.
1. Артистка, рассказывающая детям сказки по радио, знаменита на всю страну. 2. Ребенок всегда с интересом слушает сказки, рассказываемые няней. 3. Рассказывая ребенку сказки, она говорит разными голосами, имитируя героев сказок. 4. Рассказав ребенку сказку, она пожелала ему
Причастие
спокойной ночи. 5. Сказка, рассказанная няней, произвела на ребенка большое впечатление. 6. Моя бабушка, рассказавшая мне эту сказку, живет в маленьком домике на берегу озера.
Упражнение 388
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя требующуюся форму причастия.
1. Мальчик, бегущий мимо дома, вдруг остановился. 2. Будучи очень занят, он не сразу услышал меня. 3. Услышав шаги, он поднял голову. 4. Выпив чашку чая, она почувствовала себя лучше. 5. Играя в саду, дети не заметили, что стало темно. 6. Подойдя к двери, он открыл ее. 7. Том подошел к смеющейся девочке. 8. Он положил на стол смятое письмо. 9. Плачущая девочка была голодна. 10. Бабушка смотрела на детей, играющих во дворе. 11. Она любит смотреть на играющих детей. 12. Сделав уроки, дети пошли гулять. 13. Лежа на диване, он читал книгу. 14. Принеся свои игрушки в комнату, ребенок начал играть. 15. Прочитав много книг Диккенса, он хорошо знал этого писателя.
Независимый причастный оборот (Nominative Absolute Participial Construction)
The day being piercing Так как день был прони-
cold. he had no desire to зываюше холодным, он
loiter. не имел желания медлить.
Упражнение 389
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на независимый причастный оборот.
1. The weather being cold, he put on his overcoat. 2. The weather having changed, we decided to stay
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where we were. 3. You can set your mind at ease, all being well. 4. There being no chance of escape, the thief was arrested on the spot. 5. Oliver knocked weakly at the door and, all his strength failing him, sank near the door. 6. The bridge having been swept by the flood away, the train didn't arrive. 7. There being little time left, they hired a cab to get to the theatre in time. 8. It being cold and damp, a fire was lighted for the weary travellers to warm themselves by. 9. It being pretty late, they decided to postpone their visit. 10. The hour being late, she hastened home. 11. The sun having set an hour before, it was getting darker. 12. The weather being very warm, the closet window was left open. 13. And the wind having dropped, they set out to walk. 14. The vessel being pretty deep in the water and the weather being calm, there was but little motion. 15. The next morning, it being Sunday, they all went to church. 16. For the moment the shop was empty, the mechanic having disappeared into a room at the back. 17. There being nothing else on the table, Oliver replied that he wasn't hungry. 18. Mrs. Maylie being tired, they returned more slowly home. 19. Their search revealing nothing, Clyde and she walked to a corner. 20. The wind being favourable, our yacht will reach the island in no time. 21. I had long tasks every day to do with Mr. Mell, but I did them, there being no Mr. and Miss Murdstone here. 22. It being now pretty late, we took our candles and went upstairs. 23. He being no more heard of, it was natural to forget everything. 24. He started about five, Riggs having informed him that the way would take him three hours. 25. Our horses being weary, it was agreed that we should come to a halt. 26. It having been decided that they should not go out on account of the weather, the members of the par-
ty were busy writing their notes. 27. The wind stirring among trees and bushes, we could hear nothing. 28. The resistance being very high, the current in the circuit was very low. 29. This material being a dielectric, no current can flow through it.
His story told, he Когда его история была
leaned back and рассказана, он откинулся
sighed. назад и вздохнул.
Упражнение 390
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на независимый причастный оборот.
1. His directions to the porter finished, he came up to his niece. 2. Dinner being over, we assembled in the drawing room. 3. The fifth of June arriving, they departed. 4. This being understood, the conference was over. 5. The constraint caused by the old man's presence having worn off a little, the conversation became more lively. 6. This done, and Sikes having satisfied his appetite, the two men lay down on chairs for a short nap. 7. The concert being over, the lottery came next. 8. Dinner being over, the old lady asked Barbara to come and sit on the sofa near her. 9. Then, the house search proving that she was not there, Asa went outside to look up and down the street. 10. All the necessary preparations having been made with utmost secrecy, the army launched an attack. 11. The treaty having been signed, trade was at once resumed. 12. About eleven o'clock, the snow having thawed, and the day being finer and a little warmer than the previous one, he went out again. 13. The cathode heated, the electrons leave the surface and move to the anode. 14. Electrons moving through a wire, electrical energy is generated.
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Причастие
Sir Henry was deep in Сэр Генри был погружен
his papers, his long в свои бумаги, причем
white hands moving (а) его длинные белые
nervously.руки нервно двигались.
She stood silent, her lips Она стояла молча,
pressed together.плотно сжав губы.
Упражнение 391
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на независимый причастный оборот.
1. Then they heard the noise of the plane, its shadow passing over the open glade. 2. She remembered him talking, his glasses magnifying his round blue eyes. 3. She sat staring into the fire, the sock forgotten on her knee. 4. He heard the bathers coming up the sandy road, their voices ringing through the quiet. 5. They continued their way, the boy sobbing quietly, the man ashamed. 6. They went down the stairs together, Aileen lingering behind a little. 7. He lifted the lid and kept it in his hand while she was drinking, both standing. 8. She danced light as a feather, eyes shining, feet flying, her body bent a little forward. 9. We walked very slowly home, Agnes and I admiring the moonlight, and Mr. Wick-field scarcely rising his eyes from the ground. 10. They walked quickly through street after street, the Dodger leading and Oliver at his heels. 11. He was standing there silent, a bitter smile curling his lips. 12. The dog sat close to the table, his tail thumping now and again upon the floor, his eyes fixed expectantly on his master. 13. The electrons move with varying velocities, their velocity depending on the temperature and nature of the material.
14. Any moving object can do work, the quantity of kinetic energy depending on its mass and velocity.
15. Radio was invented in Russia, its inventor being the Russian scientist A. S. Popov.
Упражнение 392
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на независимый причастный оборот.
1. She stood listlessly, her head dropping upon her breast. 2. She rose from the bed and removed her coat and stood motionless, her head bent, her hands clasped before her. 3. Pale-lipped, his heart beating fast, Andrew followed the secretary. 4. Jack sat silent, his long legs stretched out. 5. The speaker faced the audience, his hand raised for silence.
6. He sat down quickly, his face buried in his hands.
7. Clyde sat up, his eyes fixed not on anything here but rather on the distant scene at the lake.
8. She hurried along, her heels crunching in the packed snow.
Then she sprang away Потом она отскочила
and ran around the desks и побежала вокруг парт
and benches, with Тот и скамеек, а Том бежал
running after her.за ней.
Упражнение 393
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на независимый причастный оборот.
1. Little Paul sat, with his chin resting on his hand. 2. He stood, with his arms folded. 3. Lanny stood looking at the lorry rolling away, with his cheek burning and his fists clenched. 4. She stood there, with her brows frowning, her blue eyes looking
11 Ю. Голицынский
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Причастие
before her. 5. Не leant a little forward over the table, with his wrists resting upon it. 6. And then came the final moment, with the guards coming for him. 7. He slowly and carefully spread the paper on the desk, with Lowell closely watching. 8. She was standing on the rock ready to dive, with the green water below inviting her. 9. Twenty minutes later he came out of number seven, pale, with his lips tightly compressed and an odd expression on his face. 10. Little Oliver Twist was lying on the ground, with his shirt unbuttoned and his head thrown back. 11. The girl wandered away, with tears rolling down her cheeks. 12. The moonlit road was empty, with the cool wind blowing in their faces. 13. She sat on the steps, with her arms crossed upon her knees. 14. Then, with her heart beating fast, she went up and rang the bell.
Упражнение 394
Перефразируйте следующие предложения, употребляя независимый причастный оборот.
1. As our work was finished, we went home. 2. If the letter is posted today, the news will reach them tomorrow. 3. If mother permits us, we shall go to the theatre. 4. When the working day was over, she went straight home. 5. As a storm was arising, the ship entered the harbour. 6. When the packing had been done, the girls left for the station. 7. As the stop was a long one, the girls got off the train. 8. As the weather was perfect, Lydia played tennis every day. 9. As the last month was a very busy one, she could not answer her friend's letter. 10. If time permits, we shall come a few days earlier. 11. When the third bell had gone, the curtain slowly rose. 12. As the underground station was not far, we
walked there. 13. Bill could not sleep the whole night, as there was something wrong with his eye. 14. As the rules were very strict, the doorkeeper did not permit Bill to enter. 15. As the front door was open, she could see straight through the house. 16. Rip had no desire to work on his farm, for it was to his mind the worst piece of land in the neighbourhood. 17. They stood there; the night wind was shaking the drying whispering leaves. 18. As the situation was urgent, we had to go ahead. 19. When the greetings were over, Old Jolyon seated himself in a wicker chair. 20. The town of Crewe is known to be one of the most busy junctions in England: many railway lines pass through it. 21. We set off; the rain was still coming down heavily. 22. After a private sitting room had been engaged, bedrooms inspected and dinner ordered, the party walked out to view the city. 23. Dinner was served on the terrace, as it was very close in the room. 24. Thoughtful, Andrew finished his omelette; his eyes were all the time fixed upon the microscope. 25. There was in fact nothing to wait for, and we got down to work.
26. The question was rather difficult to answer at once, and I asked for permission to think it over.
27. He stood leaning against the wall, his arms were folded. 28. There was very little time left; we had to hurry. 29. Of an evening he read aloud; his small son sat by his side. 30. The new engines were safely delivered, all of them were in good order. 31. Our efforts to start the car had failed, and we spent the night in a nearby village.
Запомните следующее предложение:
Time permitting, we shall go for a walk. Если время позволит, мы пойдем гулять.
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Упражнение 395
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя независимый причастный оборот.
1. Если погода позволит, мы пойдем на каток.
2. Так как все было готово, она решила отдохнуть.
3. Так как было уже поздно, они никуда не пошли.
4. Так как погода была холодная, Джек спрятал руки в карманы. 5. Так как быстро темнело, она поспешила домой. 6. Когда солнце зашло, сразу стало темно. 7. Так как наш разговор был закончен, я пошел домой. 8. Когда письмо было написано, она быстро побежала на почту отправить его. 9. Так как оставалось еще полчаса до отхода поезда, мы решили поужинать на вокзале. 10. Если погода будет благоприятной, спортсмены могут показать хорошие результаты. 11. Мы долго разговаривали: он задавал мне вопросы, а я охотно на них отвечал. 12. Если условия позволят, я приеду к вам на лето. 13. Так как было очень тепло, дети спали на открытом воздухе. 14. Когда все приготовления были закончены, мы отправились в поход. 15. Корабль медленно плыл вдоль берегов Белого моря; сотни птиц кружились над ним. 16. Было очень темно, так как на небе не было ни одной звездочки.
17. Когда солнце село, туристы развели костер.
18. Так как было очень поздно, собрание было закрыто.
ГЕРУНДИЙ
I like seeing a good film.
Seeing a good film is a pleasure.
We thought of seeing a film after supper.
He went home without seeing the film.
Упражнение 396
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.
1. Repairing cars is his business. 2. It goes without saying. 3. Have you finished writing? 4. Taking a cold shower in the morning is very healthy. 5.1 like skiing, but my sister prefers skating. 6. She likes sitting in the sun. 7. It looks like raining. 8. My watch wants repairing. 9. Thank you for coming. 10. I had no hope of getting an answer before the end of the month. 11. I had the pleasure of dancing with her the whole evening. 12. Let's go boating. 13. He talked without stopping. 14. Some people can walk all day without feeling tired. 15. Living in little stuffy rooms means breathing poisonous air. 16. Iron is found by digging in the earth. 17. There are two ways of getting sugar: one from beet and the other from sugarcane. 18. Jane Eyre was fond of reading. 19. Miss Trotwood was in the habit of asking Mr. Dick his opinion. 20. His father disliked wasting time on such trifles. 21. Avoid making mistakes if you can.
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22. The neighbours saved our life by lending us that money. 23. Beethoven continued writing music after he became deaf. 24. Don't make so much fuss over losing your money.
Упражнение 397
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.
A: I'm really looking forward to going to New York.
B: Are you? I'm not. I can't stand visiting noisy cities.
A: But New York is wonderful. I love seeing the skyscrapers, the museums, the historical monuments, the Statue of Liberty...
li: T hate visiting museums. I'm not looking forward t,o going at all.
Л: Oli, it's so exciting! I like listening to the mi нш<1н of New York — the traffic, the different
lllllfillll^CM...
/I Tim noliiel I run tell you, I dislike visiting noisy
i II Inn! Л Oh. < oiih< on! II'II In- Inn. New York's n great big
inch in/1, pot. мГ people from all over the world.
And the world capital is worth seeing. I want to
go to the Big Apple. It's so interesting!
Упражнение 398
В следующих предложениях замените придаточные дополнительные герундием с предлогом of.
• E.g. She thought she would go to the country for the weekend.
She thought of going to the country for the weekend.
1. I thought I would come and see you tomorrow. 2.1 am thinking that I shall go out to the country tomorrow to see my mother. 3. What do you think you will do tomorrow? — I don't know now; I thought I would go to the zoo, but the weather is so bad that probably I shan't go. 4. I hear there are some English books at our university bookstall now. — So you are thinking that you will buy some, aren't you? 5. I thought I would work in the library this evening, but as you have eome, I won't go to the library. 6. We were thinking we would plant roses this year.
Упражнение 399
В следующих предложениях замените придаточные времени герундием с предлогом after.
• E.g. When she had bought everything she needed, she went home.
After buying everything she needed, she went home.
1. After she took the child to the kindergarten,
she went to the library to prepare for her exam. 2. When he had made a thorough study of the subject, he found that it was a great deal more important than he had thought at first. 3. After I had hesitated some minutes whether to buy the hat or not, I finally decided that I might find one I liked better in another shop. 4. When she had graduated from the university, she left St. Petersburg and went to teach in her hometown. 5. When he had proved that his theory was correct, he started studying ways and means of improving the conditions of work in very deep coalmines.
ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Герундий
| Формы герундия | ||||
| Active | Passive | |||
| Indefinite (Simple) | writing | being written | ||
| Perfect | having written | having been written | ||
| Что значат эти формы? Рассмотрите предложения, иллюстрирующие значение разных форм герундия. | ||||
| Что он любит? | ||||
| Indefinite (Simple) | Active | He likes telling fairy tales. рассказывать | ||
| Passive | He likes being told fairy tales. чтобы ему рассказывали | |||
| Чем он гордится? | ||||
| 4м О * Q) Q. | Active | He is proud of having spoken to this outstanding person. что поговорил | ||
| Passive | He is proud of havinq been spoken to. что с ним поговорили | |||
Упражнение 400
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.
1. She has always dreamt of living in a small house by the sea. 2. She disliked living in her old house. 3. She was thinking of buying a new one.
4. Now, she enjoys living in a beautiful new house.
5. She misses seeing the neighbours of course.
6. Usually she enjoyed talking to them and didn't mind helping them. 7. She likes cooking and is very good at it. 8. But she doesn't like washing and ironing. 9. She hates getting up early, but she has to. 10. She doesn't mind working a lot, you know. 11. She enjoys driving an expensive car. 12. She has always dreamt of travelling round the world. 13. But she hates flying and she's never been overseas. 14. She has risen to be head of the company in spite of being a woman in a man's world. 15. She loves meeting people because she can't bear being alone. 16. She loves talking to the press and appearing on TV shows. 17. She enjoys being photographed because she thinks she's beautiful. 18. She hates being laughed at. 19. She likes being stared at because she thinks she's attractive. 20. But she hates being ignored.
Упражнение 401
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные формы герундия.
1. The place is worth visiting. 2. Watching football matches may be exciting enough, but of course it is more exciting playing football. 3. She stopped coming to see us, and I wondered what had happened to her. 4. Can you remember having seen the man before? 5. She was terrified of having to speak to anybody, and even more, of being spoken to. 6. He was on the point of leaving the club, as the porter stopped him. 7. After being corrected by the teacher, the students' papers were returned to them. 8. I wondered at my mother's having allowed the journey. 9. I understand perfectly your wishing to start the work at once. 10. Everybody will discuss the event, there is no preventing it. 11. At last he broke the silence by inviting everybody to walk into the dining room. 12. On being told the news, she turned pale.
330 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Герундий
| Запомните следующие глаголы и выражения, требующие после себя герундия: | ||
| to avoid to burst out | to excuse to finish | to keep (on) to mind1 |
| cannot help to deny to enjoy | to forgive to give up to go on | to postpone to put off to stop |
Упражнение 402
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.
1. I avoided speaking to them about that matter. 2. She burst out crying. 3. They burst out laughing.
4. She denied having been at home that evening.
5. He enjoyed talking of the pleasures of travelling.
6. Excuse my leaving you at such a moment. 7. Please forgive my interfering. 8. He gave up smoking a few years ago. 9. They went on talking. 10. He keeps insisting on my going to the south. 11. Oh, please do stop laughing at him. 12. Do you mind my asking you a difficult question? 13. Would you mind coming again in a day or two? 14. I don't mind wearing this dress. 15. She could not help smiling. 16. I cannot put off doing this translation. 17. Though David was tired, he went on walking in the direction of Dover. 18. Her husband used to smoke, but he stopped smoking two years ago. But it was too late.
19. Have you finished washing the dishes yet?
20. Don't be nervous! Stop biting your nails! 21. He
postponed going to New York as he fell ill.
1 Только в вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях: a) Do you mind me smoking? b) I don't mind having a dog in the house. См. Cambridge International Dictionary of English, с 899.
Упражнение 403
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя герундий.
1. Перестаньте разговаривать. 2. Мы уже закончили чтение этой книги. 3. Продолжайте петь. 4. Вы не против того, чтобы открыть окно? 5. Он отрицал, что совершил преступление. 6. Я очень люблю рисовать. 7. Мы получили удовольствие от плавания. 8. Я не могла не согласиться с ним. 9. Он рассмеялся. 10. Она бросила курить. 11. Она избегала встречи с ним. 12. Мы отложим обсуждение доклада. 13. Наконец, они перестали смеяться. 14. Она отрицала, что украла деньги. 15. Нам пришлось отложить поездку на дачу до следующей субботы. 16. Простите, что я потерял вашу ручку. 17. Когда она закончит писать сочинение? 18. Я не возражаю против того, чтобы остаться дома и поработать над моей новой книгой. 19. Перестаньте дрожать. Избегайте показывать этим людям, что вы их боитесь. 20. Я не могу не беспокоиться о них: они перестали писать. 21. Я не отрицаю, что видел их в тот вечер. 22. Он не возражал против того, чтобы его осмотрели: он перестал притворяться, что здоров. 23. Он не может меня простить за то, что я порвал его сумку. 24. Она отрицала, что взяла мои часы. 25. Мальчик любит командовать своей сестрой. 26. Лучше отложить принятие решения. 27. Не могли ли бы вы дать мне книгу, когда закончите ее читать? 28. Ее сын пытался избежать ответа на ее вопросы, так как ему было стыдно, что он солгал ей прежде. 29. Он не мог не думать, что его сын совершил большую ошибку. 30. Простите меня, пожалуйста, что я открыла ваше письмо по ошибке. 31. Я перестала есть мясо и каждый день получаю удовольствие от более здоровой пищи.
332 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Герундий
| Запомните следующие | глаголы и выражения, |
| требующие после себя герундияс определенными | |
| предлогами: | |
| to accuse of | to insist on |
| to agree to | to look forward to |
| to approve of | to object to |
| to be afraid of | to persist in |
| to congratulate on | to prevent from |
| to depend on | to succeed in |
| to dream of | to suspect of |
| to feel like | to thank for |
| to give up the idea of | to think of |
Упражнение 404
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.
1. Не was afraid of waking her. 2. I'm looking forward to going on holiday. 3. She congratulated herself on having thought of such a good idea. 4. My friend succeeded in translating this difficult text. 5. She suspected him of deceiving her. 6. The poor peasant thanked Robin Hood heartily for having helped him. 7. He gave up the idea of ever hearing from her. 8. We are looking forward to seeing you again. 9. He has always dreamt of visiting other countries. 10. He persisted in trying to solve that difficult problem. 11. The cold weather prevented the girls from going for long walks. 12. Jane thought of leaving Lowood after Miss Temple's marriage.
13. They accuse him of having robbed the house.
14. He never agreed to their going on that dangerous voyage. 15. He did not approve of her drinking so much coffee. 16. The teacher of mathematics did
not approve of his pupils dreaming. 17. All the happiness of my life depends on your loving me. 18.1 don't feel like seeing him. 19. I insist on being told the truth. 20. I object to his borrowing money from you. 21. I stretched out my hand to prevent her from falling.
Упражнение 405
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя герундий.
1. Благодарю вас, что вы прислали мне такие красивые цветы. 2. Его обвинили в том, что он продал важные государственные секреты. 3. Он отрицал, что продал их. 4. Он настаивал на том, что невиновен. 5. Он боялся, что его посадят в тюрьму. 6. Шум в соседней комнате мешал мне думать. 7. Я думаю о том, чтобы поехать на юг летом. 8. Мальчик отрицал, что его постоянно ругают и наказывают. 9. Я настаиваю на том, чтобы поговорить с ним. 10. Я с нетерпением ждал встречи с братом. 11. Мне что-то не хочется сегодня играть в лото. 12. Ей удалось сделать очень хороший перевод этого трудного текста.
Упражнение 406
Раскройте скобки, употребляя герундий в активной или пассивной форме.
1. Why do you avoid (to speak) to me? 2. She tried to avoid (to speak) to. 3. The doctor insisted on (to send) the sick man to hospital. 4. The child insisted on (to send) home at once. 5. Do you mind him (to examine) by a heart specialist? 6. He showed no sign of (to recognize) me. 7. She showed no sign of (to surprise). 8. He had a strange habit of (to interfere) in other people's business. 9. I was angry at
334 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Герундий
(to interrupt) every other moment. 10. He is good at (to- repair) cars. 11. He was very glad of (to help) in his difficulty. 12. On (to allow) to leave the room, the children immediately ran out into the yard and began (to play). 13. In (to make) this experiment, they came across some very interesting phenomena. 14. The results of the experiment must be checked and rechecked before (to publish). 15. David was tired of (to scold) all the time. 16. The watch requires (to repair)1. 17. The problem is not worth (to discuss)1. 18. Jane Eyre remembered (to lock) up in the red room for (to contradict) Mrs. Reed.
Упражнение 407
Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму герундия.
1. The machine needs (to clean)1. 2. I am quite serious in (to say) that I don't want to go abroad. 3. He seemed sorry for (to be) inattentive to his child. 4. She confessed to (to forget) to send the letter. 5. The old man could not stand (to tell) what he should do. 6. Going to the party was no use: he had no talent for (to dance). 7. The Bronze Horseman is worth (to see)1. 8. After thoroughly (to examine) the student, the professor gave him a satisfactory mark. 9. After thoroughly (to examine) by the examination commission, the student was given a satisfactory mark. 10. She accused him of (to steal) her purse.
11. She reproached me for (not to write) to her.
12. This, job is not worth (to take)1. 13. After (to look) through and (to mark) the students' papers, the
1 Обратите внимание, что после глаголов to want, to need, to deserve, to require, а также после слова worth употребляется active gerund, хотя по значению он passive.
E.g. My watch needs repairing (а не being repaired).
teacher handed them back. 14. After (to look) through and (to mark), the papers were handed back to the students. 15. These clothes want (to wash)1.
16. David was very glad of (to find) his aunt.
17. Excuse me for (to break) your beautiful vase.
18. You never mentioned (to be) to Greece. 19. She was proud of (to award) the champion's cup.
20. I don't remember ever (to meet) your sister.
21. I don't remember (to ask) this question by anybody. 22. The cat was punished for (to break) the cup. 23. The cat was afraid of (to punish) and hid itself under the sofa.
Упражнение 408
Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму герундия.
1. The girls were busy (to pack) when one of them suddenly remembered (to leave) the milk on the stove which was probably boiling over. 2. Little David couldn't bear (to recite) his lessons in the presence of his stepfather and Miss Murdstone. They frightened him so that he couldn't help (to make) mistakes though he tried hard to avoid (to displease) them and (to scold). 3. I landed in London on an autumn evening. My friends expected me home for the holidays, but had no idea of my (to return) so soon. I had purposely not informed them of my (to come), that I might have the pleasure of (to take) them by surprise. And yet I had a feeling of disappointment in (to receive) no welcome. I even felt like (to cry). 4. The girl was proud of (to choose) to represent the sportsmen of the school at the coming competition. She thanked her classmates for (to choose) her and promised to do her best to win.
1 См. сноску на стр. 334.
336 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ
Герундий
Сравните:
I don't mind opening the window. I don't mind his opening the window.
She did not object to doing the room. She did not object to my doing the room.