I Грамматические упражнения

1. Переведите следующие слова и словосочетания на русский язык:

accounting customer

column supplier

entry pricing

transaction auditing

liquidity tax

1. Переведите словосочетания на английский язык:

1. финансовое положение
2. бухгалтерский баланс
3. управленческий учет
4. финансовый аналитик
5. ассоциация производителей и дилеров одной и той же отрасли производства

3. Выпишите из текста 4-5 предложений, сказуемые которых выражены формой глагола ‘to be’. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

4. Выпишите из текста 4-5 предложений, сказуемые которых употреблены в пассивном залоге. Подчеркните сказуемое. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Дайте II и III формы следующих неправильных глаголов:

to set

to come

to spread

to write

to give

1. Образуйте II и III степени сравнения следующих прилагательных:

witty

wonderful

lucky

late

clever

7. Образуйте отрицательную и вопросительную формы следующих предложений. Определите время и категорию предложения, выделите подлежащее и сказуемое. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Personal record keeping often uses a simple single-entry book-keeping.
2. This information was always of interest to the company’s officers and managers.
3. Financial statements will be prepared to provide an important information.

8. Выпишите из текста 5-6 предложений с неличной формой глагола ‘Infinitive’. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

9. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту контрольной работы:

1. What is done during the process of accounting and bookkeeping?

2. Where are accounting principles applied?

3. What is the difference between single-entry bookkeeping and a double-entry system?

4. What information is presented in a balance sheet?

5. Who is interested in financial accounting?

6. What does managerial accounting deal with?

7. Who can use managerial accounting information?

8. What is the aim of financial auditing?

10.Переведите текст контрольной работы письменно.

II Фонетические упражнения

1. Найдите в тексте по 5 слов, где:

ea [i:] a [æ]

i [ai] e [e]

1. Протранскрибируйте следующие слова:

customer

budget

internal

audit

liquidity

4 вариант

THE BALANCE SHEET

Of the two traditional types of financial statements, the balance sheet relates to an entity’s position, and the income statement-or profit and loss account-relates to its activity. The balance sheet pro­vides information about an organization’s assets, liabilities, and own­ers’ equity on the last day of the accounting or fiscal period. The format of the balance sheet reflects the basic accounting equation: assets equal equities. Assets are economic resources of the organization. Equities consist of the organization’s liabilities together with the equity interest of its owners. (For example, a certain house has assets worth $70,000;

its unpaid mortgage is a liability of $45,000, and the equity of its own­ers is $25,000.)

Assets are categorized as current or long-lived. Current assets are usually those that management could reasonably be expected to con­vert into cash within one year; they include cash, receivables, merchandise inventory, and short-term investments in stocks and bonds. Long-lived assets include land, buildings, machinery, motor vehicles, computers, furniture, and fixtures. Long-lived assets also include in­tangibles such as patents and trademarks.

Liabilities are obligations that the organization must remit to other parties, such as creditors and employees. Current liabilities usu­ally are amounts that are expected to be paid within one year, including salaries and wages, taxes, short-term loans, and money owed to suppli­ers of goods and services. Noncurrent liabilities are usually debts that will come due beyond one year-such as bonds, mortgages, and long-term loans. Whereas liabilities are the claims of outside parties on the assets of the organization, the owners’ equity is the investment in­terest of the owners in the organization’s assets. When an enterprise is operated as a sole proprietorship or as a partnership, the balance sheet may disclose the amount of each owner’s equity. When the organiza­tion is a corporation, the balance sheet shows the equity of the owners (stockholders) as consisting of two elements: (1) the amount originally invested by the stockholders; and (2) the corporation’s cumulative re­invested income, or retained earnings (that is, income not distributed to stockholders as dividends), in which the stockholders have equity.

The Income Statement

Income statement is often known as the profit-and-loss account. Prepared for a well-defined time interval, such as three months or one year, this statement summarizes the enterprise’s revenues, expenses, gains, and losses.

Revenues are transactions that represent the inflow of assets as a result of operations-that is, assets received from selling goods and rendering services.

Expenses are transactions involving the outflow of assets in order to generate revenue, such as wages, rent, interest, and taxation.

In addition to showing revenues and expenses (the principal com­ponents of income), the income statement also lists gains and losses from other kinds of transactions, such as the sale of plant assets (for ex­ample, a factory building) or the early repayment of long-term debt.