THECIVILSERVICEINBRITAIN




CIVILSERVICE

Соотнесите определение, данное на английском языке, с его русским переводом.

Service is...

1 the state of being a servant   a) работа или обязанность выполненная для кого-либо
2 one's position of being a servant   b) действие или работа, выполненные для кого-либо
3 a work or duty done for someone   с) положение, должность служащего
4 an act or job done for someone d) состояние служащего

2. Соотнесите английские слова и выражения с их русскими эквивалентами.

1 administrativeservice a) профессиональная служба
2 appointiveservice b) государственная повинность
3 careerservice c) дипломатическая служба
4 civilservice   d) почетная (неоплачиваемая) служба
5 diplomaticservice   e) внештатная служба, служба по совместительству
6 honoraryservice   f) служба в административном учреждении
7 lifeservice g) общественная служба
8 nationalservice   h) государственная гражданская служба
9 part-timeservice i) служба по назначению
10 publicservice j) пожизненная служба
11 royalservice k) королевская служба
12HomeCivilService   a) должностное лицо исполнительной власти
13 PrincipalPrivateSecretary b) служба безопасности
14 PermanentSecretary c) главный тайный советник
15 CabinetSecretary d) внутренняя гражданская служба
16 SecurityService   e) постоянный заместитель министра
17 AdministrativeAssistant   f) должностное лицо исполнительной власти, занимающее более высокое положение
18 AdministrativeOfficer   g) помощник начальника по административной части
19 ExecutiveOfficer h) секретарь кабинета министров
20 HigherExecutiveOfficer   i) сотрудник административного органа
21SeniorExecutiveOfficer   j) старшее должностное лицо с исполнительными функциями

3. Прочитайтеиписьменно переведитетекст TheCivilServiceinBritain. Выберите правильный ответ для утверждений, данных после текста (a, b, c).

Vocabulary

tosplitinto — дробить, делить на части

constituency — избирательный округ

toapplyfor — обращаться за (работой)

promotion — продвижение

hierarchical — иерархический

pertinent — имеющий отношение, относящийся к делу

layer — слой пласт

tojeopardize — подвергать опасности, рисковать

tocallupon — вызвать, апеллировать; приглашать высказаться

legitimately — законно

totakecredit — ставить себе в заслугу что-либо

a failure — неудача, неуспех, провал

to take the blame — братьвину

tostandfor — быть кандидатом, баллотироваться

mainstream — основноенаправление, главнаялиния

THECIVILSERVICEINBRITAIN

The Civil Service executes government decisions and therefore plays a vital part in British Politics. The Civil Service currently employs about 500,000 workers. It is split into a number of departments attached to a government department. A Cabinet minister heads one of these departments and those civil servants within that department are meant to work for that minister in carrying out government policy. This specific role is very important as a government minister is a working MP and has been elected by the voters in his/her constituency. Civil servants are not elected; they apply for a post in the Civil Service and any promotion within the Civil Service is dependent upon decisions made within the Civil Service itself — not by the electorate.

The Civil Service in Britain is very hierarchical. At the top are the Permanent Secretaries and the so-called ‘mandarins’. These hold the most senior positions in the Civil Service.

Their tasks are many and varied. They advise ministers on policies pertinent to their departments. They prepare policy papers and speeches for ministers, they deal with a minister’s correspondence and help to prepare him/her for questions that might arise in the House of Commons. In addition to other tasks they maintain a minister’s official diary and minute meetings.

The next layer down is the permanent career official who works within a government department and carries out government policies. As with all civil servants, these people are meant to be neutral in a professional sense. They might have their own political views, but these must not be allowed to interfere or jeopardise their work. In theory, this level should not have policy making powers, but they might be called upon to give advice if it is thought that their knowledge on a topic is sufficiently expert. This layer of civil servant will be very knowledgeable about issues such as costs, technical problems involved in some aspects of a proposed government policy, etc. Such expertise is called upon and ministers might legitimately ask such people to give input even if they are non-elected persons. If a civil servant does give input to a government decision regarding policy, he/she remains anonymous. If the policy is a success, the minister takes the credit, if it is a failure, the minister takes the blame.

While the civil servant works for the department (and therefore the government) that he/she is in, there are a number of legally enforceable restrictions placed on all civil servants.

Civil servants can vote in elections, but while they are a member of the Civil Service, they cannot stand for a political office. All civil servants are bound by the Official Secrets Act, and they may not speak to the media or write about their experiences without permission. What is made available to the media/public comes from the government alone. Senior civil servants must not be politically active.

Civil servants must not be members of extreme left or right wing political parties — though they can be members of mainstream parties.Some civil servants in sensitive posts (such as in the Defence Ministry) can have their private lives investigated by the Security Services.

1. The Civil Service is split into...

a) agencies

b) departments

c) constituencies

2. Promotion within the Civil Service depends on the decisions of...

a) Prime Minister

b) Civil Service

c) Electorate

3. The most senior positions in the Civil Service are held by...

a) Permanent Secretaries

b) “mandarins”

c) Principal Private Secretaries

4.... are very knowledgeable about some aspects of government policy.

a) Cabinet Secretaries

b) Administrative Assistants

c) Permanent career officials

5. Civil Servants can be members of...

a) left wing political parties

b) right wing political parties

c) mainstream parties

4. Прочитайтетекст The Civil Service in Britain ещераз. Определите какое из утверждений является истинным (T) или ложным (F). Отметьте варианты ответов.

  T F
1. Civil Servants carry out government policy.    
2.The Permanent Secretaries hold the most senior positions in the Civil Service.    
3. The so-called “mandarins” are knowledgeable about costs and technical problems involved in some aspects of government policy.    
4. Civil Servants can vote and stand for a political office.    
5. Civil servants can be members of any political party.    

5. Восстановите порядок слов в вопросах, предложенных к тексту, и письменно ответьте на них.

1. Why/the Civil Servants/in British Politics/play/a vital part/do? 2. Who/works/carrying out government policy/for the Cabinet Ministers? 3. The functions/what/of the Permanent Secretaries/are? 4. Do/Permanent Career Officials/can/can't/do/they/and/what/what? 5. Whatrestrictions/have/civilservants/do?

6. Прочитайте текст CivilService и заполните пропуски в тексте словами и выражениями, данными в рамке.

Prime Minister, established, establishment, ministers, developed, offices, secretary, employees, created, suppor

Сivil service —administrative...1... for carrying on the work of government. In the UK, the modern service was...2... between 1780 and 1870, as the weight of parliamentary business became too heavy for...3... to attend to both policy-making and departmental administration. The Treasury got its first permanent...4... in 1805, the Colonial Office a permanent official in 1825. The two main divisions of the civil service are the Home and Diplomatic services. Since 1968 the civil service has been controlled by the...5... (as minister of the civil service), but day-to-day management is undertaken by the Lord Privy Seal. In 1981 the Secretary to the Cabinet was made Head of the Home Civil Service. In 1996 the Senior Civil Service was...6.... The UK civil service has grown away from its centre in Whitehall, London, and now has many regional...7.... In 1998, there were 180 permanent civil servants in the UK. In the USA, the civil service evolved from the ineffective ‘spoils system’ (1828)....8... during Andrew Jackson’s presidency, whereby posts were given as rewards for political...9.... This system remained in place until the Pendleton Act (1883) created the Civil Service Commission. The Commission created a merit system, and following the Hatch Acts (1939, 1940), federal...10... can no longer play an active role in party politics.

7. Прочитайте текст CivilServiceinthe USA и переведите на английский язык слова и выражения, данные в скобках.



Поделиться:




Поиск по сайту

©2015-2024 poisk-ru.ru
Все права принадлежать их авторам. Данный сайт не претендует на авторства, а предоставляет бесплатное использование.
Дата создания страницы: 2017-11-23 Нарушение авторских прав и Нарушение персональных данных


Поиск по сайту: