1. Civil rights are guaranteed to/for/of individuals.
2. Civil rights overlap by/with/on individual rights.
3. Civil liberties are distinguishable from/on/of moral freedom.
4. Civil liberties were justified by/to/from philosophers of the past.
5. Some class freedom of speech within/'in/by the group of civil liber
ties.
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TASKS
Task 1. Read the following international words and give their Russian equivalents:
term, civil, to guarantee, individual, to declare, contrast, privilege, jury, criminal, social, public, interest, group, ideal, general, human, conflict, legally, political, moral, natural, economic, contract, to organize, religious, academic, to class, philosopher, parliament, system, constitution, statute.
Task 2. Give the verbs the following words are derived from:
distinguishable, inherent, resistance, unrepresentative, government, constitution, interchangeably, meaning, removal, equality, legislation, considerable.
Task 3. Read the text again and find synonyms for the following words:
reciprocally, choose, (partly) coincide, decide, regulate, diverse, ensure, authority, freedom, defend, use, law, often, safety.
Task 4. Find the words with the opposite meaning among the following:
civil, public, security, freedom, equality, considerable, danger, minority, individual, imprisonment, majority, different, criminal, discrimination, minor, inherent, frequently, conferred, seldom, similar.
Task 5. Find the following words in the text. Then circle a), b) or c) to show which you think is the best equivalent.
1. declare
a) make known clearly or formally; announce
b) argue with somebody
c) disagree
2. provide
a) sell in bulk
b) give, supply
c) promise to do something
3. belong
a) be the property of
b) make somebody do something
c) cry loudly
4. attempt
a) effort to do something
b) large sum of money
c) difficult task
5. resistance
a) desire to oppose, antagonism
b) strong will
c) love at first glance
6. distinguishable
a) young and beautiful
b) very famous
c) different from
7. equality
a) important problem
b) the state of being the same in size, value, etc.
c) serious disease
Task 6. Translate the following words and word combinations into Russian:
to use terms, civil rights and liberties, to guarantee freedoms, to protect from arbitrary removal, the right to jury trial, to overlap, to be concerned with something, to stand for election, social security, human needs and interests, legally recognized, freedom of competition, freedom of belief and worship, inherent rights, to enjoy rights and liberties, to enforce smth.
Task 7. Give the English equivalents for the following:
• равнозначно использовать
• объявлять результаты выборов
• голосовать за / против кандидата М.
• наши взгляды частично совпадают
• первая попытка
• обеспечить продовольствие
• это не имеет отношения к вам
• равенство в правах
• существовать без свободы
• признавать новое правительство
• сильное сопротивление
• неотъемлемая часть
• уладить конфликт в суде
• принимать решение
• выбирать нового президента
• принадлежать к сфере общественных интересов
• едва отличимый
• привести закон в жизнь.
Task 8. Match the verbs on the left with the nouns on the right:
| Verbs | Nouns |
| provide | attempt |
| adjust | an old friend |
| recognize | resistance |
| make/offer | clothes |
| make | conflict |
Task 9. Disagree with the following statements.
Sample: — The terms “civil rights” and “civil liberties” can’t be used interchangeably.
— But, yes, they can. These terms can be used interchangeably.
— Civil rights can’t declare what the government must do.
— Civil rights and liberties are never violated.
— Civil rights aren’t distinguishable from freedom of the will.
— Seventeenth- and eighteenth-century philosophers did not justify
civil liberties.
— People must not know their civil rights and liberties.
— Civil rights don’t give us any opportunity to vote and to jury trial.
— Civil rights and liberties don't overlap with individual rights or liberties.
Task 10. Translate the following word combinations paying attention to Participle I and Participle II:
guaranteed rights, declared liberties, overlapping rights and liberties, rights protecting human interests, resolved conflicts, legally recognized liberties, rights conferred by constitution.