Read and translate
The Russian Federation
The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. Its total area is about 17 million square kilometers. The country is washed by 12(twelve) seas and 3(three) oceans: the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic. Russia borders on different countries: China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Norway, Finland, Baltic States, Belarus, Ukraine. It also has a sea-border with the USA. There are various types of climate on the vast territory of the country: arctic, subtropical, temperate and continental. The RF is rich in natural and mineral resources. The current population is more than 150 million people. Russia is a parliamentary republic. The Head of State is the President. The government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. The legislative power is exercised by the State Duma. The executive belongs to the Cabinet of Ministers. The judicial power is represented by the system of courts. The capital of Russia is Moscow. It is the largest political, economic, cultural and educational centre.
Answer the questions.
1. What is the territory of the Russian Federation?
2. What countries does Russia border on?
3. What is the climate like on the territory of Russia?
4. What is the population of Russia?
5. What is the form of government in Russia?
6. What branches does the Government consist of?
7. What do you know about Moscow?
II
Read and translate
Great Britain
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated ion the British Isles. The total area is about 250 000 sq. km. Its population is over 57 million. The Unites Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. There are a lot of beautiful rivers and mountains in Great Britain. The climate is temperate and mild al year round. The UK is highly developed industrial country. One of the chief industries is shipbuilding. The UK produces and exports machinery, electronics, and textile. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy with a parliament and the Queen as Head of State. The present sovereign is Queen Elizabeth II. The legislative power is exercised by the House of Parliament. The executive power belongs to the Government- Prime Minister and his Cabinet. The judiciary branch determines law. There is no written constitution in Great Britain.
Answer the questions.
1. What is the official name of Great Britain?
2. Where is the United Kingdom situated?
3. What territory does the country occupy?
4. What is the country’s population?
5. What is the climate like?
6. What are Britain’s chief industries?
7. What is Britain’s political system?
8. What are the branches of the Government? What do they do?
III
Read and translate
E-commerce
You probably use the Internet to send emails, download music and films, or look for information. But did you know that the Internet is transforming the business world?
Electronic commerce (e-commerce) is the buying and selling of products and services on the Internet instead of using shops, phones, faxes, and letters. It creates opportunities for companies to sell more and to improve customer service. It also gives customers greater choice.
There are three types of e-commerce. The first is Business to Consumer (B2C) - the consumer buys goods or services from a company on the Internet. Many consumers now buy books, music, or tickets on the Internet. The second type of e-commerce is Consumer to Consumer (C2C)- people sell and buy directly on sites such as eBay. The third type is Business to Business (B2B) - commerce between companies. They use the Internet to order goods, get services, and manage their business. It is fast and efficient.
Answer the questions.
1. How do you usually use the Internet?
2. What opportunities does e-commerce create for companies?
3. What are three types of e-commerce?
Find English equivalents in the texts:
скачивать музыку и фильмы; создает возможности; клиент покупает товары и услуги; искать информацию; покупают и продают прямо на сайтах; заказывать товары; деловой мир; электронная коммерция; покупать билеты по Интернету; заказывать товары; получать услуги.
ЭКЗАМЕН
I
Read and translate the text.
The Randolf sisters, Sadie and Esther, live just a block away from each other. Sadie constantly complains that the people in town are cold and unfriendly, while Esther finds them warm and pleasant.
Although Sadie can't see it, the difference is in the way they approach those people. Sadie and her husband have a lovely house. It's filled with beautiful antique furniture and glassware that is so fragile it could easily be broken by a careless guest or adventurous child. Whenever someone is visiting, Sadie and her husband are constantly "straightening up". Their behaviour seems to indicate that they put more of an emphasis on the looks of their house than on the comfort of their guests. As a result, their nervous guests behave with excessive care — and they leave as soon as possible.
In contrast, Esther's house is not fancy at all. In fact, it's almost shabby. But she and her husband have a relaxed, friendly attitude toward visitors, who don't have to worry about an accident occurring with an expensive piece of furniture or vase. Esther's house is a place where people can drop in, put their feet up on the coffee table, and feel at home.
(from "Grammar Dimensions")
Answer the questions.
1. Whose house, Sadie's or Esther's, appeals to you? Why?
2. Which one would you drop in? Why?
3. In what houses do you feel at home? Why?
4. What do you think of those hosts who put more of an emphasis on the looks of their house than on the comfort of their guests?
5. What house would you call lovely?
6. What house would you call shabby?
7. What does home mean to you?
II. Make up dialogues:
1) between Sadie, her husband and their guests;
2) between Esther, her husband and their guests.
Test.
1. How much…this sweater cost? A is
2. How much…this sweater? B does
C do
3. It…rainy in summer. A don’t
4. It…often rain in summer. B doesn’t
C isn’t
5. I…stay at home on Sundays. A am not
6. I…at home on Sundays. B doesn’t
C don’t
7. He…have much money. A isn’t
8. He…rich. B doesn’t
C don’t
9. Mag and her sister …live in Rome. A aren’t
10. Mag and her sister…in Rome B doesn’t
C don’t
11. Pat’s mother…teach students. A isn’t
12. Pat’s mother …a teacher. B doesn’t
C don’t
13. It…cost much to stay at that hotel. A doesn’t
14. That hotel…expensive. B isn’t
C don’t
II