IV СЕМЕСТР
Грамматический материал
1. Модальные глаголы с перфектной формой смыслового глагола и особенности перевода на русский язык.
2. Неличные формы: Infinitive, Gerund, Participles I, II (сложные формы). Независимый (самостоятельный) причастный оборот и его перевод на русский язык. Основные функции инфинитива в предложении. Инфинитив и функции определения.
3. Простая и сложная форма герундия. Герундиальный оборот и особенности его перевода на русский язык.
4. Инфинитив в составе сложного дополнения (объектный инфинитивный оборот). Инфинитив в составе подлежащего (субъектный инфинитивный оборот) и особенности перевода подобных конструкций на русский язык.
Письма-заявления на вакантную должность. – Applications.
Этот тип писем представляет особый интерес. Структура письма точно такая же как и у любого делового письма.
При составлении основного текста письма-заявления на вакантную должность надо указывать дату и название газеты, где вы обнаружили соответствующее объявление. Далее надо четко и ясно указать конкретную работу, о которой шла речь в объявлении.
Если у вас мало или совсем нет практического опыта, постарайтесь подчеркнуть в письме успехи в учебе, академические награды и т.п.
Пример: 1)
Victor Freedman
105-40 66th Rd., # 3-D
Forrest Hills, N.Y. 11375 –
Tel. (718) 459-8536
February 24, 1989
Patel Consultants, Inc.
1525 Morris Avenue
Union, N.Y. 07083
Dear Sir:
Your advertisement for a computer programmer in Today’s Boston Globe interests me very much because many years of experience have qualified me to work for a company like yours. Please consider me an applicant.
You will find additional information about my qualifications in the enclosed resume. I would appreciate your granting me an interview.
Sincerely yours,
(signature)
Victor Freedman
Enclosure
2) Maria Solovyova
2141 Starling Avenue, # 401
Bronx, N.Y. 10462
March 12, 1989
Stephen J. Cobel & Co.
470 Eighth Avenue, Suite 302
New York, N.Y. 10018
Dear Sir:
I am writing you because of your advertisement in the Sunday, March 12, issue of New York Times. 10 years of bookkeeping experience have qualified me to seek employment at a company like yours.
I am enclosing my resume that will inform you of my work experience as a bookkeeper. I would greatly appreciate your granting me an interview at your convenience.
Sincerely yours,
(signature)
Maria Solovyova
Exercise 1. Read Nancy’s letter of application to “Worldwatch”. Put one words into each gap.
17 Hillside Rd
Chesswood
Herts. WD3 5LB
Tel 01923 284171
Fax 01923 286622
Thursday 17 January
David Benton
Worldwatch UK Ltd
357 Ferry Rd
Basingstoke RG2 5HP
Dear Mr Benton,
I saw your __________ for a Business Journalist in today’s Guardian newspaper. I am very _____ in the job and I think that I have many of the necessary __________.
I ________ politics and modern languages at Oxford University. I am ________ in French, German and Spanish. I have ____ widely in Europe and South America, and I _______ worked as a business journalist for the BBC ________ that last five years.
I enclose a copy of my curriculum vitae. I look forward _______ hearing from you soon. Please let me know if you need more information.
Yours sincerely,
(signature)
Nancy Mann
Exercise 2. Translate the following letter into English.
Уважаемый господин/госпожа,
Я обращаюсь к вам в связи с Вашим объявлением в «Москоу Таймс» от 5 марта 2002 по поводу работы в должности менеджера.
Сейчас я работаю в одной из телекоммуникационных компаний. У меня есть достаточный опыт работы. Мой родной язык английский и я хорошо говорю на русском и немецком языках.
Была бы Вам очень благодарна, если бы Вы сочли возможным принять меня в удобное для вас время.
С уважением
(подпись)
Мария Соловьева
Контрольная работа № 4
1. Выпишите из текста 10 глаголы и образуйте причастия настоящего и прошедшего времени, переведите их на русский язык.
2. Найдите в тексте предложения, в которых употреблено причастие настоящего времени. Подчеркните причастие, переведите его на русский язык
3. Найдите в тексте и переведите на русский язык предложения, в которых употреблено причастие прошедшего времени.
4. Выпишите из текста все слова с окончанием - ing. Определите, какой частью речи (причастием, герундием, отглагольным существительным) они являются в каждом случае и какова их синтаксическая функция в предложении.
5. Найдите в тексте и переведите на русский язык предложения, в которых употреблен герундий (простой или сложный, герундиальный оборот), и определите синтаксическую функцию данных слов или оборотов в этих предложениях.
6. Найдите в тексте и переведите на русский язык предложения, в которых употреблен инфинитив. Определите формы и синтаксические функции инфинитива в этих предложениях.
7. Если в тексте есть предложения, глаголы сказуемые которых употреблены в одной из сложных временных форм страдательного залога (Continuous Tenses in the Passive Voice; perfect Tenses in the Passive Voice), выпишите их и переведите на русский язык.
8. Переведите текст контрольной работы № 4. При переводе пользуйтесь англо-русским словарем.
GREAT BRITAIN
Great Britain has a very good geographical position as it lies on the crossways of the sea routes from Europe to other parts of the world. The sea connects Great Britain with most European countries such as the Netherlands, Denmark, Norway and a lot of other countries.
. England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Great Britain is washed all around by water. It is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea in the west and the eastern coast is washed by the North Sea. The southern coast is washed by the English Channel. The narrowest part of the Channel, the Straight of Dover, is only 32 kilometers wide.
The British Isles have no high mountains. Scotland is a mountainous country. Here there is the main chain of mountains which is called the Grampians and its highest peak is Ben Nevis which is 4 400 feet high. Mountains which separate Scotland and England are called the Cheviot Hills. In England the Pennine Chain runs down from the north through the centre. In Wales there are the Cambrian Mountains. Its peak Snowdon is in the North Wales. Ireland is covered with mountains and hills.
The British Isles have a lot of rivers, but they are not very long. The longest river is the Severn which flows south-west into the Irish Sea. The other important rivers are the Thames in England on which London stands and the Clyde in Scotland where Glasgow is situated. Many rivers in England and Scotland are joined by canals. There are a lot of lakes in Great Britain and the most famous lakes are in the Lake District in the north-west of England. There are no great woods on the British Isles now. Historically the most famous forest is Sherwood Forest in the east of England. It was the home of Robin Hood.
The climate of the British Isles is not very cold in winter and never very hot in summer. The rivers do not freeze in winter and snow never lies on the ground for long. In winter thick fogs cover Britain. The British Isles are warmed by the Gulf Stream, as a result the temperature in Britain is higher than in Moscow and St. Petersburg which are between the same parallels. It often rains in Great Britain in all seasons. The mild and damp climate is very good for agriculture.
Great Britain has a highly developed industry. It is rich in coal, iron and other metals. The main industrial centres are London, Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool, Glasgow and Bristol. Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool and Sheffield make up the industrial area called the “Black Country” situated in the middle of the country near coalfields. Its centre is Birmingham which is called the “City of 1500 Trades”. Sheffield is the city of steel. Manchester is a chief cotton manufacturing city. Liverpool is the first port exporting the products of the “Black country”. Bristol is a large port and the centre of aircraft and food industry. In Scotland Glasgow is the largest shipbuilding and mining centre. New industries are developing in the regions which were agricultural and the old industrial centres have developed new branches of industry – electronics, wireless, chemical industry and others.
At the head of the state there is the Queen but in practice state power is in the hands of the Parliament and, to be more precise, in the hands of the Prime Minister. The Parliament has two Houses: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The members of the House of Lords are not elected. The Commons are elected. The Prime Minister is the leader of the party which has the majority of seats in the House of Commons.
Задание к контрольной работе № 4
Exercise 3. You saw the advertisement in the “Vest”, March 20, 2997. in which a well-known British firm wants to find:
a) a programmer
b) a biochemist
c) a specialist in public relations
d) a journalist (with the knowledge of some foreign languages)
e) an archeologist
f) a pedagogue/tutor
Write a letter to this firm. You can choose any speciality
FUTURE CAREER
Active vocabulary
| Nouns | Adjectives | Verbs | Adverbs |
| Idea – представление Account – подсчет (список, перечень) Application – заявление Reference – рекомендация Impression – впечатление Employee - работник | Vague – смутное Redundant – излишний Worthy – ценный | Wear – носить Hire (recruit) – нанимать Keep – держать, хранить Predict – предсказывать, прогнозировать Be sacked – быть уволенным Graduate from – окончить (учебное заведение) | Closely – тщательно Pleasantly – мило Firmly – уверенно Indiscriminately – неразборчиво |