СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ(noun)
Образование множественного числа существительных
a cat — cats
a dog — dogs
a car — cars
a watch — watches
a dress — dresses a dish — dishes a box — boxes
a boy — boys a city — cities
a potato — potatoes a leaf — leaves
Поставьте следующие существительные во множественное число (не забудьте, что перед множественным числом неопределенный артикль нужно опустить).
A table, a plate, a fox, a room, a lady, a knife, a chair, a bus, a Negro, a match, a way, a house, a family, a flag, a town, a wolf, a country, a lion, a park, a play.
Запомните форму множественного числа следующих существительных:
a man — men a goose — geese
a woman — women a tooth — teeth
a child — children a fool — feet
a mouse — mice an ox — oxen
Запомните также:
Но: an Englishman — Englishmen a Frenchman — Frenchmen a German — Germans
Запомните три существительных, имеющих во множественном числе ту же форму, что и в единственном:
a sheep — sheep a deer — deer a swine - swine
Поставьте следующие существительные во множественное число
A star, a mountain, a tree, a shilling, a king, the waiter, the queen, a man, the man, a woman, the woman, an eye, a shelf, a box, the city, a boy, a goose, the watch, a mouse, a dress, a toy, the sheep, a tooth, a child, the ox, a deer, the life, a tomato.
Поставьте следующие словосочетания во множественное число.
This tea-cup, this egg, that wall, that picture, this foot, that mountain, this lady, that window, this man, that match, this knife.
Запомните:
this is — these are that is — those are; there is — there are; it is — they are
Поставьте следующие предложения во множественное число.
1. This is a star. 2. This is a boy. 3. This is a baby. 4. That is a plate. 5. That is a flower. 6. That is a bookshelf. 7. Is this a sofa? 8. Is this a bookcase? 9. Is this a man? 10. Is that a ball? 11. Is that a train? 12. Is that a plane? 13. Is the window open? 14. Is the door closed? 15. Is the boy near the window? 16. That is not a king, 17. That is not a queen. 18. That is not a bus. 19. This isn't a mountain. 20. That isn't a goose. 21. This isn't a mouse. 22. It is a sheep. 23. It is a cigarette. 24. It is a cat. 25. It is not a girl. 26. It isn't a bag. 27. It isn't a tree. 28. It is not a bad egg. 29. It is a good egg. 30. Is that a flower?
Поставьте следующие предложения во множественное число.
1. This man is an engineer. 2. That woman is my sister. 3. This child is my son. 4. That goose is big. 5. This mouse is white. 6. This man is a doctor. 7. That woman is my cousin. She is a teacher 8. That girl is my niece. She is a pupil. 9. This girl has a blue sweater. 10. This boy has a good coat. 11. My uncle has a large flat. 12. There is a table in the room. 13. I have a good pen. My pen is in my pocket. 14. There is a flower in the vase. 15. This child's foot is sore.
Поставьте следующие предложения во множественное число.
1. This room is very large. 2. There is a match in the box. 3. Has this lady a knife? 4. There is a man and a woman in the street. 5. This lady is that gentleman's wife. 6. This shoe is too large for my foot. 7. The child is sitting on a bench. 8. My tooth is white. 9. This key is made of steel. 10. A potato is a vegetable and a cherry is a fruit. 11. This is my friend's study.
Притяжательный падеж существительных
The child's toys — The children's toys. The boy's books — The boys' books.
Перефразируйте следующие словосочетания и предложения, употребляя притяжательный падеж.
1. The room of my friend. 2. The questions of my son. 3. The wife of my brother. 4. The table of our teacher. 5. The poems of Pushkin. 6. The voice of this girl. 7. The new club of the workers. 8. The letter of Pete. 9. The car of my parents. 10. The life of this woman. 11. The handbags of these women. 12. The flat of my sister is large. 13. The children of my brother are at home. 14. The room of the boys is large. 15. The name of this girl is Jane. 16. The work of these students is interesting.
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя притяжательный падеж.
1. Он показал мне письмо своей сестры. 2. Она взяла коньки своего брата. 3. Дайте мне тетради ваших учеников. 4. Принесите вещи детей 5. Вчера дети нашли птичье гнездо. 6. Это семья моего друга. Отец моего друга инженер. Мать моего друга преподаватель. 7. Чья это сумка? - Это сумка Тома. 8. Чьи это словари? - - Это словари студентов. 9. Вы видели книгу нашего учителя? 10. Мне нравится почерк этого мальчика. 11. Я слышу голос моей сестры. 12. Она открыла окно и услышала смех и крики детей. 13. Она поставила мокрые сапоги мальчиков к печке. 14. Это бабушкино кресло.
МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ
SOME, ANY, NO, EVERY
И ИХ ПРОИЗВОДНЫЕ
| Some обозначает некоторое количество. | |
| Употребление | |
| Утвердительная форма | We have got some dictionaries. |
| Отрицательная форма | We have got no dictionaries. We haven't got any dictionaries. |
| Вопросительная форма | Have you got any dictionaries? |
Вставьте some, any или по.
1. There are... pictures in the book. 2. Are there... new students in your group? 3. There are... old houses in our street. 4. Are there... English textbooks on the desks? - - Yes, there are.... 5. Are there... maps on the walls? —No, there aren't.... 6. Are there... pens on the desk? - - Yes, there are.... 8. Are there... sweets in your bag? - - Yes, there are.... 9. Have you got... English books at home? -- Yes, I have.... 10. There are... beautiful pictures in the magazine. Look at them. 11. There is... ink in my pen: I cannot write.
Вставьте something, anything, nothing или everything.
1.... is all right, the patient is much better today! 2. Is there... interesting in the program of the concert? 3. I could see...: it was quite dark. 4. Give me... to drink. 5. I didn't take any money with me so I couldn't buy.... 6. My new eyeglasses are very good, I can see... now. 7.1 saw... near the wood that looked like a tent.
Вставьте something, anything, nothing или everything.
1. Give me... to read, please. - - With pleasure. 2. I don't know... about your town. Tell me.., about it. 3. Please give me... warm: it is cold here. 4. I understand... now. Thank you for your explanation. 5. There is... white in the box. 'What is it? 6. Is there... that you want to tell me? 7. Where is the book? — It is on the table. - No, there is.. there.
| somebody — кто-нибудь, кто-то | |
| Употребление | |
| Утвердительная форма | Не asked somebody to help him. |
| Отрицательная форма | He asked nobody to help him. He did not ask anybody to help him. |
| Вопросительная форма | Did he ask anybody to help him? |
Everybody — все(каждый)
Вставьте somebody, anybody, nobody или everybody.
1. Has... in this group got a dictionary? 2.... left a magazine in our classroom yesterday. 3. The question was so difficult that... could answer it. 4. I am afraid I shan't be able to find... in the office now: it is too late. 5.... knows that water is necessary for life. 6. Is there... here who knows French? 7. You must find... who can help you. 8.... knew anything about America before Columbus discovered it. 9. I saw... in the train yesterday who looked like you. 10. There is... in the next room. I don't know him. 11. Please tell us the story.... knows it. 12. Is there... in my group who lives in the dormitory? 13. Has... here got a red pencil? 14.... can answer this question. It is very easy.
Заметьте, что в утвердительных предложениях
"any" значит «любой» "anything" значит «что угодно» "anybody" значит «кто угодно»
Вставьте some, any, no или их производные.
1. Here are... books by English writers. Take... book you like. 2. There are... boys in the garden because they are at school. 3. I can see... on the snow, but I don't know what it is. 4. Are there... desks in the classroom? - Yes, there are many. 5. There are... books on this desk, but there are...._ exercise-books. 6. Did he say... about it? - - No, he said.... 7. What shall I do now, Mom? I, have done my homework. - You can do... you like. 8. There was... in the street because it was Very late. 9.... wants to see him. 10 Is there... herе who knows this man? 11. Have you... books on Dickens? I want to read... about him. I have read... books by Dickens and I am interested in the life of the writer. 12. Can... tell me how to get to the Public Library? - - Yes, take... bus that goes from here towards the railway station and get off at the third stop. 13. Please bring me... apples,
Mary. 14. That is a very easy question - -... can answer it.
| somewhere — где-нибудь, куда-нибудь, где-то, куда-то | |
| Употребление | |
| Утвердительная форма | I saw this man somewhere. |
| Отрицательная форма | I saw this man nowhere. I did not see this man anywhere. |
| Вопросительная форма | Did you see this man anywhere? |
Everywhere — везде
Вставьте somewhere, anywhere, nowhere или everywhere.
1. I put my dictionary... yesterday and now I can't find it....-- Of course, that is because you leave your books.... 2. You must go... next summer. 3. Did you go... on Sunday? 4. Let's go.... The weather is fine. I don't want to stay at home in such weather. 5. I cannot find my glasses.... I always put them... and then look for them for hours. 6. Today is a holiday. The streets are full of people. There are flags, banners and flowers....
Переведите на английский язык.
1. На столе лежит что-то круглое. Что это такое? 2. Никто об этом ничего не знает. 3. В городе много парков. Везде деревья и цветы. 4. В той комнате кто-то есть. 5. Анна живет где-то в этом районе. 6. Я никого не знаю в этом городе. 7. Дай мне, пожалуйста, что-нибудь поесть. 8. Кто-нибудь знает адрес нашего учителя? 9. Все в порядке. 10. Кто-нибудь хочет посмотреть телевизор? 11. Мы слышали эту песню повсюду. 12. Он где-то в саду.