ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЙ СПРАВОЧНИК
МНОЖЕСТВЕННОЕ ЧИСЛО ИМЕН СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫХ
| Основа оканчивается на | Окончание | Транскрипция | Пример |
| звонкий согласный | -s | [z] | dogs собаки |
| глухой согласный | -s | [s] | books книги |
| гласный | -s | [z] | lines линии |
| y после гласной | -s | [z] | days дни |
| y после согласной заменяется на i | -es | [iz] | copies копии |
| шипящие ch,sh,ss,x | -es | [iz] | bushes кусты |
| f заменяется на v | -es | [z] | wolves волки |
Исключения
| Единственное число | Перевод | Множественное число |
| man | мужчина, человек | men |
| woman | женщина | women |
| child | дитя | children |
| person | человек | people |
| foot | нога, | feet |
| tooth | зуб | teeth |
| child | ребенок | children |
| ox | вол | oxen |
| sheep | овца | sheep |
| swine | свинья | swine |
| deer | олень | deer |
| mouse | мышь | mice |
| goose | гусь | geese |
| fish | рыба | fish |
ИМЯ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНОЕ THE ADJECTIVE
| степень сравнения | положительная (описывает действия и качества предмета) | сравнительная(сравнивает предметы) | превосходная(превосходство одного предмета над другим) |
| односложное двусложное | big большой small ммаленький | bigger больше smaller меньше | the biggest самый большой the smallest самый маленький |
| трехсложное и более | convenient удобный | more convenient удобнее | the most convenient самый удобный |
| исключения | good хороший | better лучше | the best наилучший |
| bad плохой | worse хуже | the worst наихудший | |
| many, much много, многие | тоrе больше, более | the most наибольший | |
| little маленький, мало | less меньше, менее | the least наименьший |
МЕСТОИМЕНИЕ THE PRONOUN
| лицо, число | личные: именительный падеж | личные: косвенные падежи | притяжатель-ные | возвратные | |
| 1 л. ед. ч. | I | me | my, mine * | myself | |
| 2 л. ед.ч. 2 л.мн.ч. | you | you | your, yours * | yourself yourselves | |
| 3 л. ед. ч. | he | him | his, his * | himself | |
| 3 л. ед. ч. | she | her | her, hers * | herself | |
| 3 л. ед. ч. | it | it | its, its * | itself | |
| 1 л. мн. ч. | we | us | our, ours * | ourselves | |
| 3 л. мн. ч. | they | them | their, theirs | themselves | |
| вопросит. местоимения | указательные местоимения | ||||
| what (что, какой) | this (это, этот); that (то, тот, такой) | ||||
| where (где, куда) | there (там, туда) наречие места, направления | ||||
| when (когда) | then (тогда) - наречие | ||||
| why (почему) | that's why (поэтому) | ||||
| how (как) | thus (таким образом) - наречие | ||||
ЧИСЛИТЕЛЬНОЕ NUMERAL
| количественные числит. | порядковые числит. | |||
| one | [wАn] | first | [fa:st] | |
| two | [tu:] | second | ['sak(a)nd] | |
| three | [9ri:] | third | [9a:d] | |
| four | [ft:] | fourth | [fo:9] | |
| five | [fa iv] | fifth | [fif9] | |
| six | [siks] | sixth | [siks9] | |
| seven | [sevn] | seventh | [ sevn 9] | |
| eight | [eit] | eighth | [eit9] | |
| nine | [nam] | ninth | [nain9] | |
| ten | [ten] | tenth | [ten9] | |
| eleven | [Vlevn] | eleventh | ['levnG] | |
| twelve | [twelv] | twelfth | [twelf9] | |
| thirteen | [;'0a:'ti:n] | thirteenth | ['9a;ti:n9] | |
| fourteen | ['fb:'ti:n] | fourteenth | ['fo:'ti:n9] | |
| fifteen | [;'fifti:n] | fifteenth | ['fifti:n9] | |
| sixteen | [~'siks'ti:n] | sixteenth | ['siks'ti:n9] | |
| seventeen | ['sevn'tkn] | seventeenth | ['sevn'ti:n9] | |
| eighteen | ['ei'ti:n] | eighteenth | ['ei'ti:n9] | |
| nineteen | ['nain'ti:n] | nineteenth | ['nain'ti:r)9] | |
| twenty | ['twenti] | twentieth | ['twentnG] | |
| thirty | ['9a:ti] | thirtieth | ['9a:tn9] | |
| forty | ['fo:ti] | fortieth | [:Ш9] | |
| fifty | ['fifti] | fiftieth | ['fiftiiG] | |
| sixty | ['siksti] | sixtieth | [sikstuG] | |
| seventy | ['sevnti] | seventieth | ['sevntn9] | |
| eighty | ['eiti] | eightieth | ['eitiiG] | |
| ninety | ['nainti] | ninetieth | М'naintn9] | |
| a hundred | [hAndrad] | hundredth | ['hAndr9d9] | |
| twenty-one | ['twenti'wAn] | twenty-first | ['twenti'fa: st] | |
| thirty-two | ['Oartrtu:] | thirty-second | ['93:ti's9knd] | |
| forty-three | ['fo:ti'9ri:] | forty-third | ['fo:tr9a:d] | |
| fifty-four | ['fifti'fo:] | fifty-fourth | ['fifti:'fa:9] | |
| sixty-five | ['siksti'faiv] | sixty-fifth | ['siksti'fifG] | |
| a thousand | ['9auz(a)nd] | thousandth | ['9auz(a)nt9] |
СПРЯЖЕНИЕ ГЛАГОЛА TO BE (БЫТЬ, ЯВЛЯТЬСЯ,НАХОДИТЬСЯ)
| Present Simple Tense (Present Indefinite Tense) | ||
| Утверждение | Отрицание | Вопрос |
| I am | I am not | Am I? |
| You are | You are not | Are you? |
| He is | He is not | Is he? |
| She is | She is not | Is she? |
| It is | It is not | Is it? |
| We are | We are not | Are we? |
| You are | You are not | Are you? |
| They are | They are not | Are they? |
| Past Simple Tense (Past Indefinite Tense) | ||
| Утверждение | Отрицание | Вопрос |
| I was | I was not | Was I? |
| You were | You were not | Were you? |
| He was | He was not | Wa she? |
| She was | She was not | Was she? |
| It was | It was not | Was it? |
| We were | We were not | Were we? |
| You were | You were not | Were you? |
| They were | They were not | Were they? |
| Future Simple Tense (Future Indefinite Tense) | ||
| Утверждение | Отрицание | Вопрос |
| I will be | I will not (won’t) be | Will I be? |
| You will be | You will not (won’t) be | Will you be? |
| He will be | He will not (won’t) be | Will he be? |
| She will be | She will not (won’t) be | Will she be? |
| It will be | It will not (won’t) be | Will it be? |
| We will be | We will not (won’t) be | Will we be? |
| You will be | You will not (won’t) be | Will you be? |
| They will be | They wil not (won’t) be | Will they be? |
СПРЯЖЕНИЕ ГЛАГОЛА TO HAVE (ЕСТЬ, ИМЕТЬ, ВЛАДЕТЬ)
| Present Simple Tense (Present Indefinite Tense) | |||
| Утверждение | Отрицание | Вопрос | |
| I have | I have no (not a) | Have I? | |
| You have | You have no (not a) | Have you? | |
| He has | He has no (not a) | Has he? | |
| She has | She has no (not a) | Has she? | |
| It has | It has no (not a) | Has it? | |
| We have | We have no (not a) | Have we? | |
| You have | You have no (not a) | Have you? | |
| They have | They have no (not a) | Have they? | |
| Past Simple Tense (Past Indefinite Tense) | |||
| Утверждение | Отрицание | Вопрос | |
| I had | I had no (not a) | Had I? | |
| You had | You had no (not a) | Had you? | |
| He had | He had no (not a) | Had he? | |
| She had | She had no (not a) | Had she? | |
| It had | It had no (not a) | Had it? | |
| We had | We had no (not a) | Had we? | |
| You had | You had no (not a) | Had you? | |
| They had | They had no (not a) | Had they? | |
| Future Simple Tense (Future Indefinite Tense) | |||
| Утверждение | Отрицание | Вопрос | |
| I will have | I will not (won’t) have | Will I have? | |
| He will have | He will not (won’t) have | Will he have? | |
| She will have | She will not (won’t) have | Will she have? | |
| It will have | It will not (won’t) have | Will it have? | |
| We will have | We will not (won’t) have | Will we have? | |
| You will have | You will not(won’t) have | Will you have? | |
| They will have | They will not (won’t) have | Will they have? | |