Группа (2 курс) ОДБ.04 Английский язык
Практика чтения и перевода «Туризм в нашей стране».
Читать и переводить тексты:
Tourism in Russia Туризм в России
Modern science considers tourism as a complex socio-economic system. Tourism is a branch of the non-production sector, whose enterprises and organizations satisfy the needs of tourists for tangible and intangible services, the main function of which is to provide a person with full and rational rest. Tourism is the fundamental basis of the economies of many developed and developing countries of the world. At present, it has become an international industry that ranks third in terms of income among the largest export sectors of the economy, second only to the oil industry and the automotive industry. The tourism industry can be considered as a set of hotels or other means of accommodation, means of transport, catering facilities, entertainment facilities and objects, educational, business, recreational, sports and other facilities, organizations engaged in tourist activities, organizations that provide guide-interpreters.
Russia has enormous potential both for the development of domestic tourism and for the reception of foreign travelers. It has everything you need — a vast territory, a rich historical and cultural heritage, and in some regions untouched, wild nature.
Inbound and domestic tourism in Russia is represented by a large variety of its species. The most actively developing our ecological, sporting, extreme alpine skiing, educational, business, medical and recreational, cruising, fishing and hunting, event and gastronomic types of tourism. Individual and children’s youth recreation are also popular.
In the modern situation, the process of expanding contacts between countries, caused primarily by integration processes in the economy, the development of telecommunications, increased trade, increased geographical mobility, and increased tourist flows initiated the birth of a dialogue unprecedented in the history of cultures of countries and peoples.
Tourism is considered to be one of the largest, most profitable and most dynamically developing sectors of the economy, is an active source of foreign exchange earnings, and influences the balance of payments of the country. In addition to influencing the economies of many countries, international tourism affects their social, cultural and ecological environment.
Therefore, it is no coincidence that interest in this activity is increasing every year, involving almost all countries of the world, including Russia.
Ответить на вопросы: Что представляет собой туризм как отрасль? Каким потенциалом для развития туризма обладает Россия? Какие виды туризма существуют в России? Определите значение туризма.
Ukrainian Places of Interest Достопримечательности Украины
Ukraine is a country with the glorious past. It is rich in historical monuments and different places of interest.
Kyiv is the capital of Ukraine and one of the oldest cities in the Eastern Europe. It has already celebrated its 1500th anniversary. That’s why it is not surprising that a lot of interesting monuments are situated there, for example, the well-known to all Slavonic world St Sophia’s Cathedral and Kyivo-Pecherska Lavra. It is breathtaking to wander along the streets of the old town, to feel the breath of history. But Ukrainian places of interest are situated not only in Kyiv.
Near the small town of Kanev the monument to the Ukrainian national genius Taras Shevchenko is situated. The museum, where the books, drawings and manuscripts of Shevchenko are kept, is situated in the village not far from Kanev. Even the house, where he was born, is preserved. It is very interesting to look at it.
One may come to Poltava and visit the museum of the famous Poltava battle, the field where Peter the Great defeated the Swedes.
One may also go to Zaporizhia, to the island of Khortytsia, where the Ukrainian Cossacks’ organization was born.
One can go to Odesa and walk along the boulevards, where Pushkin walked a long time ago, and one can touch the trees, which Pushkin touched.
It is also possible to visit the last house of Chekhov (now the museum in Yalta), where Chekhov lived, and where he wrote his last works, and where he died.
One may visit the famous symbol of the Crimea — the castle “Swallow’s Nest” or the residence of Russian tsars in Livadia.
It is possible to go through Gogol places in the Poltava Region and see Dickanka, Sorochintsy.
One can continue this list, because there is also Western Ukraine with the Carpathians and their legends, feudal lords’ castles and cathedrals, with their unique culture and nature.
There are a lot of places to see in Ukraine and to be proud of. And I am glad to live in such a country, with all those beautiful monuments.
Ответить на вопросы: Назовите крупнейшие исторические памятники и достопримечательности Украины. В каких городах они находятся? С именами каких деятелей они связаны?
Donetsk Донецк
Donetsk is a large industrial, scientific and cultural city.
It is the centre of coal-mining industry. It is also the main fuel base. The city was founded in 1869 by a businessman, John Hughes, who constructed a steel plant and several coal mines in the region; the town was thus named Yuzovka. From 1924 to 1961 it was called Stalino, and only in 1961 it became Donetsk.
Donetsk currently has a population of over 982,000 inhabitants.
The city is situated on the river Kalmius. It is very famous for its waste banks. Now the city produces metallurgic and mining equipment, refrigerators, bicycles. Food and light industries are also well-developed in Donetsk.
Donetsk is a well-known educational location of the surrounding area, accompanied with several universities, which include 5 state universities, 11 institutes, 3 academies, 14 technicums, 5 private universities, and 6 colleges.
The most important and prominent educational institutions include the National Technical University ("Donetsk Polytechnical Institute" in 1960-1993), as well as the Donetsk National University which was founded in 1965. There are also several scientific research institutes, and an Islamic University within Donetsk.
There are 3 theatres and two museums in the city: Donetsk Opera and Ballet House, Donetsk Museum of Fine Arts are among them.
Donetsk is also well-known due to its sport achievements. It has the best stadium in Ukraine, called Donbass Arena. It is a new stadium with a natural grass pitch, that opened on August 29, 2009. The facility is located in the center of the city, in the Lenin Comsomol park. Intended for 50,000 spectators, the Stadium will host Shakhtar Donetsk matches and will host some matches in Euro 2012. It meets the requirements for an UEFA Elite 5-star Stadium rating.
Donetsk has been home to many people, including sportsmen, musicians, writers, businessmen, dissidents, and many others.
Ответить на вопросы: Докажите, что Донецк является крупным промышленным, научным и культурным городом. Когда и кем он был основан? В каком году получил современное название? Какие промышленные предприятия существуют в Донецке? На каком уровне в городе поставлены образование и культура? Какими достижениями и достопримечательностями славится Донецк?
Tourism Туризм
Twenty years ago not many people travelled overseas for their holidays. The majority of people stayed to have holidays in their country. Today the situation is different and the world seems much smaller.
It is possible to book a holiday to a seaside resort on the other side of the world. Staying at home, you can book it through the Internet or by phone. The plane takes you straight there and within some hours of leaving your country, you can be on a tropical beach, breathing a super clean air and swimming in crystal warm water of tropical sea.
We can travel by car, by train or plane, if we have got a long distance tour. Some young people prefer walking or hitch-hike travelling, when you travel, paying nearly nothing. You get new friends, lots of fun and have no idea where you will be tomorrow. It has great advantages for the tourists, who want to get the most out of exploring the world and give more back to the people and places visited. If you like mountains, you could climb any mountains around the globe and there is only one restriction. It is money. If you like travelling, you have got to have some money, because it is not a cheap hobby indeed. The economy of some countries is mainly based on tourism industry. Modern tourism has become a highly developed industry, because any human being is curious and inquisitive, we like leisure, visit other places. That is why tourism prospers.
People travel from the very beginning of their civilization. Thousands years ago all people were nomads and collectors. They roamed all their lives looking for food and better life. This way human beings populated the whole planet Earth. So, travelling and visiting other places are the part of our consciousness. That is why tourism and travelling are so popular.
Nowadays tourism has become a highly developed business. There are trains, cars and air jet liners, buses, ships that provide us with comfortable and secure travelling.
If we travel for pleasure, by all means one would like to enjoy picturesque places they are passing through, one would like seeing the places of interest, enjoying the sightseeing of the cities, towns and countries.
Nowadays people travel not only for pleasure but also on business. People have to go to other countries for taking part in different negotiations, for signing some very important documents, for participating in different exhibitions, in order to exhibit the goods of own firm or company. Travelling on business helps people to get more information about achievements of other companies, which will help making own business more successful.
There are a lot of means of travelling: travelling by ship, by plane, by car, walking. It depends on a person to decide which means of travelling one would prefer.
Ответить на вопросы: Можно ли сегодня заказать отдых на морском курорте на другом конце света? Какие средства передвижения вы знаете? Какие страны зависят в основном от туризма? Почему процветает туризм?
А куда люди любят ездить в отпуск? Что для вас является самым интересным средством передвижения? Почему? Почему большинство путешественников носят с собой фотоаппарат? Что дает нам путешествие?
Vocabulary:
overseas — заграница
majority — большинство
to seem — казаться
to book — заказывать
resorts— курорт
straight — прямо
a tropical beach — тропический пляж
to breathe — дышать
to hitclbhike — путешествовать автостопом
advantage — преимущество
to explore — исследовать
to climb — взбираться, карабкаться
restriction — ограничение
indeed — действительно
curious — любопытный
inquisitive — любознательный
leisure — досуг
jet-air liner — реактивный самолет
security — безопасность
variety — разнообразие
city-dweller — городской житель
to take pictures — фотографировать
castle — крепость, замок
waterfall — водопад
to remind — напоминать
picturesque — живописный
to broaden one's mind — расширить кругозор
take part in negotiations — принимать участие в переговорах
exhibition — выставка
in order to — для того чтобы
to push the goods — рекламировать товары
achievement — достижение
successful — успешный
advantages and disadvantages — преимущества и недостатки
according to — согласно