Тема занятия: Повторение грамматики к зачету
На зачет (тест) выносятся следующие аспекты:
Основных времени глаголов: Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple, Present Perfect.
Модальные глаголы.
Степени сравнения прилагательных.
Present Simple
1. В предложении именное сказуемое. Например: «Я студент». Используем глагол “to be”.
Утвердительные предложения
I am a student. = I’m
You are a student. = you’re
We are students. = we’re
They are students. = they’re
He is a student. = he’s
She is a student. = she’s
It is a book. = it’s
Отрицательные предложения
I am not a student. = I’m not
You are not a student. = you aren’t
We are not students. = we aren’t
They are students. = they aren’t
He is not a student. = he isn’t
She is not a student. = she isn’t
It is not a book. = it isn’t
Вопросы. Если хотите задать вопрос, поставьте глагол “to be” в соответствующей форме перед подлежащим.
2. Сказуемое выражено глаголом.
Утвердительные предложения
Подлежащее | Сказуемое | |
I | work | in the city centre |
you | work | in the city centre |
we | work | in the city centre |
they | work | in the city centre |
he | work s | in the city centre |
she | work s | in the city centre |
it | work s | very well |
Отрицательные предложения
Подлежащее | Сказуемое | ||
I | don’t | work | in the city centre |
you | don’t | work | in the city centre |
we | don’t | work | in the city centre |
they | don’t | work | in the city centre |
he | doesn’t | work | in the city centre |
she | doesn’t | work | in the city centre |
it | doesn’t | work | very well |
Вопросы
Сигнал: внимание, вопрос. Вспомогательный глагол | Подлежащее | Глагол | |
Do | I | work | in the city centre |
Do | you | work | in the city centre |
Do | we | work | in the city centre |
Do | they | work | in the city centre |
Does | he | work | in the city centre |
Does | she | work | in the city centre |
Does | it | work | very well |
Present Continuous
О действиях и событиях, происходящих в данный момент
(в данный промежуток времени)
Now, at the moment, today, this week, this summer
Утвердительные предложения
Подлежащее | Сказуемое | ||
I | am | work ing | in the city centre today |
you | are | work ing | in the city centre today |
we | are | work ing | in the city centre today |
they | are | work ing | in the city centre today |
he | is | work ing | in the city centre today |
she | is | work ing | in the city centre today |
it | is | work ing | very well now |
Отрицательные предложения
Подлежащее | Сказуемое | ||
I | am not | work ing | in the city centre today |
you | aren’t | work ing | in the city centre today |
we | aren’t | work ing | in the city centre today |
they | aren’t | work ing | in the city centre today |
he | isn’t | work ing | in the city centre today |
she | isn’t | work ing | in the city centre today |
it | isn’t | work ing | very well now |
Вопросы
Сигнал: внимание, вопрос. Вспомогательный глагол | Подлежащее | Глагол | |
Am | I | work ing | in the city centre? |
are | you | work ing | in the city centre? |
are | we | work ing | in the city centre? |
are | they | work ing | in the city centre? |
is | he | work ing | in the city centre? |
is | she | work ing | in the city centre? |
is | it | work ing | very well? |
Past Simple
О том, что происходило в определенное время в прошлом
(yesterday, a week ago, last year, …)
1. В предложении есть слова «был», «были». Например: «я был дома». Используем глагол “tobe” в прошедшем времени.
Утвердительные предложения | Отрицательные предложения | Вопросы | |
единственное число | I was at home | I wasn’t at home | Was I at home? |
He was at home | He wasn’t at home | Was he at home? | |
She was at home | She wasn’t at home | Was she at home? | |
It was there | It wasn’t there | Was it there? | |
множеств. число | You were at home | You weren’t at home | Were you at home? |
We were at home | We weren’t at home | Were we at home? | |
They were at home | They weren’t at home | Were they at home? |
3. Сказуемое выражено глаголом. Глагол правильный.
Утвердительные предложения
Подлежащее | Сказуемое | |
I | worked | in the city centre |
You | worked | in the city centre |
We | worked | in the city centre |
They | worked | in the city centre |
He | worked | in the city centre |
She | worked | in the city centre |
It | worked | very well |
Отрицательные предложения
Подлежащее | Сказуемое | ||
I | didn’t | work | in the city centre |
You | didn’t | work | in the city centre |
We | didn’t | work | in the city centre |
They | didn’t | work | in the city centre |
He | didn’t | work | in the city centre |
She | didn’t | work | in the city centre |
It | didn’t | work | very well |
Вопросы
Сигнал: это вопрос Вспомогательный глагол | Подлежащее | Глагол | |
Did | I | work | in the city centre? |
Did | you | work | in the city centre? |
Did | we | work | in the city centre? |
Did | they | work | in the city centre? |
Did | he | work | in the city centre? |
Did | she | work | in the city centre? |
Did | it | work | very well? |
3. Если глагол неправильный, в утвердительных предложениях используем 2 форму из таблицы неправильных глаголов.
I saw my friend yesterday.
Отрицательные предложения: I didn’t see my friend yesterday.
Вопросы: Did you see your friend yesterday?
Present Perfect
Используется в случаях, когда:
- мы не уточняем время, когда произошло событие;
- действие (событие) не закончено;
- период времени, когда действие (событие) началось, не закончен.
1. В предложении есть слова «был», «были». Например: «я был в Италии». Используем глагол “to be” в 3-й форме.
Утвердительные предложения | Отрицательные предложения | Вопросы |
Ihave beento Italy | I haven’t beento Italy | HaveI beento Italy? |
You have beento Italy | You haven’t beento Italy | Have you beento Italy? |
We have beento Italy | We haven’t beento Italy | Have we beento Italy? |
They have beento Italy | They haven’t beento Italy | Have they beento Italy? |
He has beento Italy | He hasn’t beento Italy | Has he beento Italy? |
She has beento Italy | She hasn’t beento Italy | Has she beento Italy |
It has beenthere | It hasn’t beenthere | Has it beenthere? |
2. Сказуемое выражено глаголом. Глагол правильный.
Утвердительные предложения
Подлежащее | Сказуемое | Все остальное | |
I | have | worked | in the city centre |
you | have | worked | in the city centre |
we | have | worked | in the city centre |
they | have | worked | in the city centre |
he | has | worked | in the city centre |
she | has | worked | in the city centre |
it | has | worked | very well |