для студентов I-II курсов заочного факультета

Тверской государственный технический университет»

(гоу впо «тгту»)

Кафедра иностранных языков

КОНТРОЛЬНЫЕ РАБОТЫПО АНГЛИЙСКОМУ

ЯЗЫКУ № 1, 2, 3, 4 (ВАРИАНТЫ1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ I-II КУРСОВ ЗАОЧНОГО

ФАКУЛЬТЕТА

Методическая разработка по английскому

языку

Тверь 2009

УДК 811.111 (075.8)

ББК 81.2 Англ.я 81.2 Англ.я 7

Контрольные работы по английскому языку №1, 2, 3, 4 предназначены для студентов I-II курсов заочного общетехнического факультета.

Контрольные работы состоят из серии заданий, выполнение которых требует предварительного изучения определенных разделов грамматики.

Контрольные работы обсуждены и рекомендованы к печати на заседании кафедры иностранных языков (протокол № 4 от 06.02.09г.).

Составитель: Андрюхова Н.А.

технический университет, 2009.

ВЫПОЛНЕНИЕ КОНТРОЛЬНЫХ ЗАДАНИЙ И ОФОРМЛЕНИЕ КОНТРОЛЬНЫХ РАБОТ

Каждое контрольное задание предлагается в пяти вариантах. Студент должен выполнить один из пяти вариантов в соответствии с последними цифрами студенческого шифра: студенты, шифр которых оканчивается на 1 или 2, выполняют варианты №1, на 3 или 4 - №2 на 5 или 6 - №3, на 7 или 8 -№4, на 9 или 0 - №5.

Контрольные работы выполняются в тетради. На обложке тетради укажите номер контрольной работы, напишите свою фамилию, инициалы, шифр и адрес. Выполняя контрольные работы, следует оставлять широкие поля для замечаний и указаний преподавателя. Контрольные работы должны выполняться аккуратно, четким почерком.

Материал контрольной работы следует располагать в тетради по следующему образцу:

левая страница	правая страница
поля английский текст	русский текст поля

Выполненные контрольные работы должны быть представлены студентом на зачете и устно защищены.

Если контрольная работа выполнена не самостоятельно, она не зачитывается.

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №1

Для того чтобы правильно выполнить контрольную работу № 1, необходимо усвоить следующие разделы курса грамматики английского языка по рекомендованному учебнику:

1. Простое распространённое предложение. Прямой порядок слов в утвердительном и отрицательном предложении. Порядок слов в вопросительном предложении. Оборот there be.

2. Имя существительное. Артикли и предлоги как показатели имени существительного. Множественное число. Выражение падежных отношений с помощью предлогов и окончания – s. Существительное в функции определения.

3. Имя прилагательное. Степени сравнения имен прилагательных.

4. Местоимение.

5. Спряжение глаголов to be, to have.

6. Видовременные формы глагола. Активный залог. Пассивный залог

7. Словообразование.

ВАРИАНТ 1

1. Напишите следующие слова в алфавитном порядке: centre, museum, people, one, large, state, Moscow, gallery, achievement, forest, union, nearly, it, year, body, history, do, kind, economy, troop, world.

2. Перепишите предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, имеющие окончание –s, какую функцию это окончание выполняет:

1. Показатель третьего лица единственного числа в Present Indefinite/Simple

2. Признак множественного числа имени существительного.

3. Показатель притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

Переведите данные предложения на русский язык.

1. Moscow is the centre of our country’s political life.

2. This building hoses some offices.

3. There are many houses in this village.

4. The room is decorated with paintings.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения. Укажите, какой частью речи являются выделенные слова. Переведите на русский язык.

1. Two exhibition halls are designed by architect Kazakov.

2. This building now houses presidential administration.

3. It is the longest bridge in Moscow.

4. Let me remind you some facts.

4. Перепишите следующие предложения, заполнив пропуски необходимыми предлогами. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. He lives….Moscow.

2. We have designed a plan….each year.

3. The length….the subway system is 100 km.

4. Look….the picture.

5. Напишите следующие прилагательные в сравнительной и превосходной степени.

Large, beautiful, cold, good, much.

6. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык предложения, обращая особое внимание на перевод местоимений.

1. No municipal budget can afford such expenses.

2. Ask somebody to help us.

3. The child asks for some more sweets.

4. Give me another book please.

5. There are some 150 museums in Moscow.

7. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The workers were building that house when we came to Moscow.

2. The interiors have now been replaced by early 19^th century decorations.

3. Medals and awards from the past will be on display.

4. The constructions have been financed from the federal budget.

8. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Moscow Metro

Every day the Moscow metro carries about nine million Muscovites, including three and a half million visitors. The transport system of Moscow is very extensive, but metro is the most popular. Moscow’s underground railways stretch for 258 km. For the comparison, the London underground, the world’s oldest and largest subway system, is three times larger than Moscow’s, but it carries 3.7 times fewer passengers. The Moscow Metro is a complicated system with 158 stations and 536 escalators stretching for more than 60 km.

The construction modernization and re-equipment of the Moscow subway as in all other countries with underground railways have been financed from the federal budget. No municipal budget can afford such expenses. Unfortunately, the present length of the subway system does not meet the city’s demands and requires another 100 km. A million and a half Muscovites spend more than one hour getting to work. The system is overloaded now. But subway systems of other cities face the same problems.

9. Перепишите следующие вопросы и задайте письменные ответы:

1. What underground system is three times larger than Moscow’s?

2. How many passengers does Moscow Metro carry every day?

3. Does the present length of the Moscow subway system meet the city’s demands?

4. The Moscow Metro is a complicated system, isn’t it?

ВАРИАНТ 2

1. Напишите следующие слова в алфавитном порядке: capital, large, monument, student, historic, new, weather, dry, river, Boston, their, one, and, part, include, north, January, flow, visit, question.

2 Перепишите предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, имеющие окончание –s, какую функцию это окончание выполняет:

1. Показатель третьего лица единственного числа в Present Indefinite/Simple.

2. Признак множественного числа имени существительного.

3. Показатель притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. The country’s first museum was opened in the Mikhailovsky Palace.

2. The collection numbers a lot of works.

3. During the first ten years the museum’s collection doubled in size.

4. Many private collections were nationalized.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения. Укажите, какой частью речи являются выделенные слова. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The new complex will also house offices and a hotel.

2. At present moment construction workers are removing the destroyed building.

3. The developers promise only advantages for clients.

4. The interior encompasses numerous striking elements.

1. The original collection consisted….art works from the Hermitage.

2. The Russian Academy….Arts transferred its collection to the State Museum.

3. Moscow State University was established…memory…the great Russian Scientist M. Lomonosov.

4. This museum was established…1895

5. Напишите следующие прилагательные в сравнительной и превосходной степени.

Bad, wonderful, long, warm, many.

6. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык предложения, обращая особое внимание на местоимения.

1. Some of the interior elements are modified according to the plan.

2. Is there any news from him?

3. There is no information on this question.

4. Everybody would like to visit this museum.

5. Any museum of this city is of great interest to us.

1. Designers have drawn up a list of the most interesting buildings of the city.

2. The Bolshoi Theatre belongs not just to Moscow but to all of Russia.

3. The theatre was built on sandy ground.

4. New Metro lines are being built in different cities.

8. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

The Russian Museum Establishment

On April 13, 1895, Tsar Nicholas II signed a decree ordering the establishment of new museum in memory of his father, the Emperor Alexander III. The country’s first museum dedicated to Russian fine art was opened 3 years later in Mikhailovsky Palace. It was built in 1819-1825 upon the project of famous Karlo Rossi on the Square of Arts in St.Petersburg. The original collection consisted of art works from the Hermitage Museum, the Alexander Palace, and the Imperial Academy of Arts. During the first ten years of its existence, the museum’s collection almost doubled in size. The Russian Academy of Arts also transferred its collection of Christian antiques (five thousand units) including Novgorod icons, wooden sculpture and medieval church art.

After the 1917 Revolution many private collections were nationalized and relocated to the Russian Museum which added to its importance. One of them included the first and most valuable version of Kazimir Malevich’s Black Square.

The collection of the Russian Museum numbers some 400,000 works and covers the entire history of Russian fine art from the tenth century to the present day. It reflects virtually every form of art in Russia including a unique collection of old Russian icons, paintings, graphics art and sculpture, decorative and applied art, folk art and numismatics, as well as the world’s finest collection of Russia avant-garde.

9. Перепишите вопросы и дайте письменные ответы.

1. When was the first Russian Museum built?

2. Who was the designer of the Russian Fine Art Museum?

3. The collection of the Russian Museum covers the entire history of Russian fine art, doesn’t it?

4. When did the museum’s collection almost double in size?

ВАРИАНТ 3

1. Напишите следующие слова в алфавитном порядке: produce, because, attend, sport, dance, city, new, view, green, university, in, whole, kind, more, exhibition, locate, today, year, open, river, jam.

2. Показатель третьего лица единственного числа в Present Indefinite/Simple

3. Признак множественного числа имени существительного.

4. Показатель притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. The name comes from the old Krymsky Ford.

2. The bridge was built in honour of the centenary of the victory over Napoleon’s aggressors in 1812.

3. I know the works of this architect.

4. He works at this plant.

1. Primitive stone structures are the earliest types of human houses.

2. A typical town house consisted of a shop, a kitchen and a bedroom.

3. Large 6 blocks of stone were transported over long distances.

4. This building houses many offices.

4. Перепишите следующие предложения, заполнив пропуски необходимыми предлогами. Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. We have a special program…English tourists.

2. …the early 90’s the building was partially reconstructed.

3. This new bridge will be tested…Monday.

4. Now a lot….people live in cities.

5. Напишите следующие прилагательные в сравнительной и превосходной степени.

Far, great, famous, big, little.

6. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык предложения, обращая особое внимание на местоимения.

1. No one knew about this excursion.

2. Our guide was not asked any questions.

3. We’ll discuss some problems at the conference.

4. Everybody knows this museum.

5. There are some busses to the centre of the city.

1. In this museum one can see articles dating back to the 18^th century.

2. They will be glad to see you in this museum.

3. I have been shown the photo of this castle.

4. The construction of this bridge was being completed when the commission arrived.

8. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Capital’s Bridge

None of the 38 bridges spanning the Moskva River are alike. The Borodisky Bridge built in honour of the centenary of the victory over Napoleon’s aggressors in1812 is majestic and triumphant in looks, and in fact is the only old bridge preserved in its original form. The monumental Moskvoretsky Bridge finished in red granite to match the style and colour of the Kremlin walls was built in 1937 to replace the old narrow one.

The Krymsky Bridge built in 1938 is suspended by two steel chains resting on pylons. The name comes from the old Krymsky Ford used by the Tatars when they made raids upon the city in the Middle Ages.

The longest bridge in Moscow is the Metro Bridge. It spans the river in its widest place and, including the approaches to it, is some 1,200 meters in length.

The Bolshoi Kamenny (Big Stone) Bridge spans the Moskva River near the Kremlin, and though it is made of steel, the name comes from an old one that was built there later while in the Lefortovsky Bridge, built in 1770, is the oldest of them all.

Moscow also has the Kuznetsky Bridge, but you will find neither a bridge, nor the river below it. The Neglinka River, over which a wooden bridge was built in the 16^th century, has now been buried deep in a tunnel underground, and the Kuzntsky Most (Bridge) is the name of a street in the city centre.

9. Перепишите вопросы и дайте письменные ответы.

1. When was the Krymsky Bridge built?

2. What bridge was built in honor of the centenary of the victory in 1812?

3. What is the longest bridge in Moscow?

4. What Moscow Bridge has been buried deep in a tunnel underground?

ВАРИАНТ 4

1. Напишите следующие слова в алфавитном порядке: million, last, one, night, historic, street, out, from, people, day, they, week, except, very, with, ration, home, inscription, just, quite, architecture.

2. Перепишите предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам. Какой частью речи являются слова, имеющие окончание –s, и какую функцию это окончание выполняет:

1. Показатель третьего числа единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite/Simple.

2. Признак множественного числа имени существительного.

3. Показатель притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. Every corner of the city contains many historical monuments.

2. We celebrate the university’s birthday on Saint Tatiana’s Day.

3. The main festivities include different performances.

4. He lectures on physics.

1. Moscow State University celebrates its birthday.

2. The research library is on the ground floor of the University building.

3. This city is very dear to the Russian people.

4. There are some students in the library.

1. Many….the original parts…..the city are preserved.

2. …1940 the University was named…..Mikhail Lomonosov.

3. The academic year is divided…..two terms.

4. He is to come….6 o’clock.

5. Напишите следующие прилагательные в сравнительной и превосходной степени.

Light, many, wide, powerful, strong.

6. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык предложения, обращая особое внимание на местоимения.

1. Some of the articles are very interesting.

2. Have you got any interesting books?

3. Somebody has taken my dictionary.

4. Anybody can do that.

1. The university has founded the international association.

2. Lomonosov became one of the first professors.

3. The lecturer was attentively listened to.

4. A new research is being carried out successfully.

8. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Moscow University Celebrates 250^th Anniversary

The Moscow State University celebrates its 250^th anniversary. The main festivities scheduled included the grand opening of the new Fundamental Library, the traditional public drinking of mead, and fireworks. The university had also been holding a series of conferences and founded the MSU International Alumni Association. And in honor of the anniversary, the MSU satellite was launched from Plesetsk cosmodrome on Jan, 20.

The Moscow State University is the largest educational institution and one of the major research centers in Russia. Founded in 1755 by the decree of Russian Empress Elizabeth, the university originally had three faculties: Law, Philosophy and Medicine. The university’s curator and first president Count Shuvalov chose Jan, 25 to present the decree to the Empress for signing, as it fell on the feast of Saint Tatiana, his mother’s name day. In 1940 the university was named after Mikhail Lomonosov, the illustrious Russian scientist, who, together with Shuvalov stood behind the university’s foundation and became one of its first professors.

Presently, MSU structure encompasses 29 faculties, 15 research institutes, 4 museums, over 350 departments, the Scholar’s Park, the Botanical Garden, a science library, a publishing house, a printing-plant, and other facilities.

The tradition to celebrate the university’s birthday on St. Tatiana’s Day, lost during the Soviet time, was resurrected in 1992 quickly gaining popularity and never failing to attract thousands of students.

9. Перепишите вопросы и дайте письменные ответы.

1. When was the University named after Lomonosov?

2. When does the MSU celebrate its birthday?

3. Who was the first president of the Moscow University?

4. When was the MSU founded?

ВАРИАНТ 5

1. Напишите следующие слова в алфавитном порядке: which, cotton, railway, German, fine, possible, lie, together, bomb, motor, oil, neighbour, use, have, variety, during, gone, I, England, yes, kind.

1. Показатель третьего числа единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite/Simple.

2. Признак множественного числа имени существительного.

3. Показатель притяжательного падежа имени существительного;

Переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. Our country has the world’s largest deposits of oil.

2. There are many wooden houses in Tver.

3. He works very hard.

4. He packs goods in bags and boxes.

1. Please ship goods immediately.

2. It is the chief reason for city’s prosperity.

3. He looked through the morning newspapers.

4. Maria made the right decision.

1. He will return….7o’clock.

2. He returned home….dinner.

3. Please return this book….the library tomorrow.

4. The letter was signed….the director.

5. Напишите следующие прилагательные в сравнительной и превосходной степени.

Important, close, good, great, quite.

6. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык предложения, обращая особое внимание на местоимения.

1. You have every opportunity to visit our town.

2. I have no time to visit you tomorrow.

3. Some of the students take the exam tomorrow.

4. Give me something to read.

1. No construction was going at that time.

2. The Volga is widely known as the most important Russian river.

3. He has been shown her photo.

4. Tver will become surely better.

8. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Recent History of Tver

Tver is a regional center to the north of Moscow, and is where trainsrunning from Moscow to Saint Petersburg make their first stop. Right at the railway station one gets acquainted with the idea of Russian regularity. The railway station building erected in 1850 is similar to many other significant stations. It was designed by Konstantin Thon, the architect of the original Chirst the Saviour Cathedral in Moscow, and is just like the ones built in Klin, Bologoe and Malay Vishera. The similarity between these stations was almost absolute in the middle of the 19^th century. It was an ambitious attempt to standardize towns. Right before Catherine II initiated the process of planning the Russian towns both large and small. Tver was among the first in this process. The master plan was created and implemented in Tver after a large fire of the town. For about a century Tver was a proper-looking town, as it was understood in Russia in those days.

The lay-out included the central square and three main avenues forming a trident. In the square there was a Tsar’s Travel Palace erected according to the plan by Matvei Kazakov who also designed the Petrovsky Palace in Moscow and the old building of the Moscow State University. The Travel Palace of Tver is quite modest but still beautiful and has been the main attraction in Tver ever since.

9. Перепишите вопросы и дайте письменные ответы.

1. When was the railway station building designed by K.Thon erected?

2. Where is Tver situated?

3. The Tver railway station building is similar to many other significant stations, isn’t it?

4. What famous buildings did Russian architect M. Kazakov design?

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №2

Для того чтобы правильно выполнить контрольную работу № 2, необходимо усвоить следующие разделы курса грамматики английского языка по рекомендованному учебнику:

1. Видовременные формы глагола.

2. Модальные глаголы b их эквиваленты.

3. Причастие I, причастие II в функции определения и обстоятельства.

4. Определительные и дополнительные придаточные предложения, придаточные обстоятельственные предложения времени и условия.

ВАРИАНТ 1

1. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The greater part of Great Britain’s industry is situated in the Black Country (the industrial area of Middle Anglia).

2. Many long and successful discussions have taken place within this week.

3. When I come home the family will be watching TV.

4. The street has been widened.

2. Перепишите предложения и подчеркните Participle I and Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Arriving at the station we called a porter.

2. Packed in the strong cases the goods arrived in good condition.

3. He sent me some illustrated catalogues.

4. Manchester is linked by means of the Manchester Ship Canal to its port.

3. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая особое внимание на придаточные предложения.

1. My friend asked me if I studied English.

2. It is clear that this company cannot supply the food stuff necessary for the city population.

3. I am afraid they will be late.

4. Maria thinks she made the right decision.

4. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол и его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. You must not cross the street on the red light.

2. We were to meet at the station at six.

3. I can translate this text without a dictionary.

4. The tourists may attend the sitting of the Parliament.

5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

London

London is an extremely old town. It was a Roman strong hold and trading centre, but even before the Roman conquest of Britain in 55 before our era there was a native settlement on the Thames where London now stands. In the Middle Ages it was a very rich independent, walled city, even with its own army. Its citizens supported the King of England or not according to their own decision. It was the custom whenever the king came from Westminster, where he generally lived, to the City of London, that the Lord Mayor of London should meet him at the gates and present him with the keys of the city. This ceremony still takes place whenever the present king of England passes through the city on official business, for example the opening of Parliament, even though the walls and gates of the City of London have since been pulled down.

The City of London nowadays contains mostly business and newspaper offices, banks, etc. The Royal Exchange and the Bank of England are here too. Very few people live there, so that if you walk through the streets of the city in the evening or on a holiday you can meet very few people in the streets while in other parts of London people are seen everywhere.

6. Перепишите следующие вопросы и дайте письменные ответы.

1. What was the London in 55 before our era?

2. Where did the king generally live?

3. What is the City of London nowadays?

4. How many people live in the City of London?

ВАРИАНТ 2

1. English is spoken in many countries.

2. My friend has mastered two foreign languages.

3. The city fulfils the role of a cultural centre.

4. When I entered the room the secretary was speaking to somebody on telephone.

1. She showed us a list of the newly published books.

2. There is a growing interest in Italian art in our country.

3. Knowing the English language well he can translate newspaper articles without a dictionary.

4. The sun is rising.

1. The letter I received yesterday is very important.

2. When we arrived at the port the steamer was being loaded with cotton.

3. Since you have finished your work, you may go home.

4. I know he has returned.

1. They were to meet in London.

2. The team of experts is to study the present situation in the country.

3. Can you tell me where he lives?

4. You may open the window.

5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

This is Newcastle

As the second city of New South Wales, Newcastle has become the regional capital and focal point for the whole Hunter Valley Region. Its settlement dates back to the very early days of the history of this country. More than 160 years of development have seen Newcastle grow into one of Australia’s major centers of heavy industry, mining and transportation.

But Newcastle is much more than an industrial city: recently there has been increasing growth of industry and employment, especially in services, commerce, professions, education, etc. Residential growth has taken place in new and attractive areas, especially around Lake Macquarie and the surrounding hills making Newcastle the most desirable urban environment, complemented with the many services and facilities needed in a large city.

Coal, the region’s earliest major resource, has recently increased its strong position in our economic structure, and as well as maintaining the region’s steel and power industries, has become more prominent as a regional export commodity.

The Port of Newcastle is well established in terms of cargo tonnage handled.

Year by year the City of Newcastle has improved the services and environment for both the urban population and investors. The city fulfils its role of commercial, cultural and educational centre and principal market for the region.

6. Перепишите следующие вопросы и дайте письменные ответы.

1. Where is Newcastle situated?

2. Where has residential growth taken place in Newcastle?

3. What is the region’s earliest major resource?

4. What port is known the second largest one in Wales?

ВАРИАНТ 3

1. The mainland of Europe stretched much further west than now.

2. London is situated on the Thames.

3. The man who is speaking now is our new secretary.

4. The scientists’ attention has been attracted by Egyptian pyramids.

1. The British Isles and the neighboring small islands were left above the surface of the sea.

2. They showed us a list of the articles sold at the auction.

3. When asked the question he couldn’t answer.

4. Being built of wood the bridge will not be able to carry heavy loads.

1. He started early in the morning while it was still cold.

2. The problem you have to solve is not so simple as we thought before.

3. You may ring me up when you leave your office.

4. He said he hadn’t seen you.

1. No visitor to London can miss these buildings.

2. You are not to be late.

3. We had to walk home because the last bus had gone.

4. He was allowed to use dictionary.

5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

The British Isles

Many thousands of years ago the mainland of Europe stretched much further west than now, and by the sinking of the land, the ocean covered a great deal of the continent. The British Isles and neighbouring small islands were left above the surface of the sea, because they were the highest parts of the land. The water flowed into the valleys among the hills, thus producing an uneven coast and many good harbours.

There are many facts which prove this. None of the seas round the British Isles are very deep. In fact in some parts of the North Sea there is a depth of less than six meters. The rounded, flat-topped hills that give character to the English scenery have been worn down by the slowly-moving sheet of ice that once covered the whole of Northern Europe. The white chalk cliffs of Southern England correspond to those of Northern France, while the lowlands of the east coast correspond to the lowlands of Holland. The forests that once covered the greater part of the country were made up of common European trees. Nowadays there are practically no forests in Britain, but there are very many leafy trees that give beauty to the countryside.

6. Перепишите следующие вопросы и дайте письменные ответы.

1. What produced an uneven coast and many good harbours?

2. What gave character to the English scenery?

3. Are the seas round the British Isles deep?

4. What gives beauty to the countryside of Britain?

ВАРИАНТ 4

1. I’ll still be working at 6 p.m. tomorrow.

2. Someone has taken my dictionary.

3. The life of agricultural England is described by Thomas Hardy in his stories and novels.

4. Several attempts have been made to produce artificial rain.

1. He heard the voices coming through the open door.

2. Having been shown the way I could find his house.

3. I have just translated an interesting text.

4. The results received were of great importance.

1. He showed me the pictures he had painted.

2. I don’t think this poem is too long.

3. The one who comes first always puts on the kettle and makes tea.

4. Even before the Romans conquered Britain there was a native settlement on the Thames where London is now situated.

1. People are able to use heat, electricity and light for many purposes.

2. We can’t come tomorrow. We are to meet our friends at the airport.

3. He may come to see you tomorrow.

4. You must post the letter at once.

5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

The British Isles

The British Isles lie about the same distance from the Equator as that part of Russia lying between Moscow and Volgograd. The climate of the country, however, is quite different from that of the European part of Russia. It is much milder. Even in the most northern parts of Scotland, snow never lies very long on the ground in winter, while in the South of England, snow falls only a few times during the winter and never lies long. Besides this, the rivers never freeze. In England there is much rain and fog in winter, and few sunny days. Summers are never very hot, and there is often very much rain. Generally speaking, Great Britain is a very damp country.

One of the chef reasons for this dampness is that a continuous stream of warm water, called the Gulf Stream, crosses the Atlantic Ocean from the warm South and washes the western and northern coast of the country. The Gulf Stream flows on past Northern Scotland, Norway and to the northern coasts of Russia. It is due to the Gulf Stream that our port Murmansk is free of ice all through the winter.

6. Перепишите следующие вопросы и дайте письменные ответы.

1. What is the climate of Great Britain?

2. Great Britain is a very damp country, isn’t it?

3. What are summers like in England?

4. Why is Murmansk free of ice in winter?

ВАРИАНТ 5

1. English has become a language with a large vocabulary often with three or four ways of expressing the same idea.

2. English is spoken in many countries.

3. It was raining when I left the house.

4. He will be writing a play during the summer.

1. Different types of colonization based on commerce took place in African countries.

2. This company was dissolved in the early 19^th century.

3. The stories given in the book are very simple.

4. There is a growing interest to modern art.

1. These new farmers arrived in New England where they bought their own farmlands.

2. New settlements were founded on the north-eastern seaboard when many immigrants arrived.

3. We know English is spoken in many countries.

4. She was given very important work because she new English very well.

1. An important thing can have a small beginning

2. You will be able to fulfill this plan.

3. You have to hand in your article on the same day as everyone else in your group.

4. The tourists may attend the sitting of the Parliament.

5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Development of English

English is spoken by over a billion people around the world, in other words, by more than a quarter of the world’s population. It is spoken as a mother tongue in the UK, in former colonies such as Australia and New Zeland, and of course, by the vast majority of the North American population. It is the second or official language in most of the former empires, and of course, it is studied as a foreign language all over the world, but particularly in Europe now. This has made it a truly international language. It is the language of shipping and aviation, of science and technology and of commerce. Really, the language spoken by the population of small island in the Northern Hemisphere reached a widespread use. Its introduction to the New World in the 17^th century resulted in this hybrid language becoming the second oldest version of English, and the most widely spoken American English. Then English and American English went east and south. The colonization of South America, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa were in different ways and linguistically as well. In India English now shares the status of the official language. With Hindi it is spoken by over 70 million people – more than entire population of the British Isles. So English may be really considered to be an international language!

6. Перепишите следующие вопросы и дайте письменные ответы.

1. What language is studied as a foreign language all over the world?

2. Why do people begin to learn English in many countries?

3. Does English now share the status of official language in some countries?

4. Why is English considered to be an international language?

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №3

Для правильного выполнения контрольной работы №3 необходимо усвоить следующие разделы английской грамматики:

1. Грамматические функции и значения слов – if, that, one.

2. Инфинитив в функции подлежащего, составной части сказуемого, определения, дополнения, обстоятельства. Инфинитивные обороты Complex Subject, Complex Object

3. Функции герундия в предложении.

ВАРИАНТ 1

1. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимания на разные значения слов – if, that, one.

1. It was the first time the bureau had classified zero population growth.

2. One must know these facts.

3. There are a great number of goods that can be transported by air.

4. Give me that book please.

2. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский зык, обращая внимания на функцию инфинитива и инфинитивного оборота.

1. He asked for the letter to be sent off at once.

2. The population is likely to rise by about a third.

3. I don’t know him well enough to ask him for help.

4. I have no one to whom to speak on this question.

3. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая особое внимание на функцию герундия.

1. Please tell that man that he is to stop smoking.

2. They insisted on the question being reconsidered.

3. Flying is better for long journeys but travelling by car is more interesting.

4. After concluding the contract the representative of the firm left Moscow.

4. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

US Population Will Fall After 2050

The US population is likely to rise by about a third to 309 million by the year 2050 and then begin to decline according to the statistic Bureau.

It was the first time the bureau had classified zero population growth as a likely outcome in this country.

The bureau also said 21.7 percent of the population is likely to be over age 65 by 2050, up from 11.4 percent now, while blacks would probably make up 16.8 percent then, as against 11.9 percent now.

The report said female life expectancy is expected to rise to 83.6 years in 2050 from 78.3 now and male life expectancy to 75.1 years from 70.7.

The US population is now about 232 million and is growing at a rate of about nine-tenths of 1 percent a year. The bureau said this growth rate is likely to fade gradually, and the nation is likely to reach zero population growth by the middle of the next century.

The bureau is assuming, among many other things that the percentage of women in the labour force will continue to rise.

Large increases in the proportion of extremely old people are expected to increase the need for nursing homes, for example, and the general aging of the population will further drain the Social Security and Medicare systems for old-age pensions and medical care. All this will happen as the proportion of working-age people that can support the elderly is declining.

5. Перепишите вопросы и дайте письменные ответы.

1. What had statistic Bureau classified?

2. What is the US population now?

3. What is the bureau assuming?

4. Is US population likely to fade gradually?

ВАРИАНТ 2

1. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимания на разные значения слов – it, that,one.

1. He doesn’t know that I am a student of this University.

2. This is my dictionary and that is yours.

3. It is winter now.

4. One never knows what his answer may be.

1. The first thing for me to do is to find out when the train arrives.

2. I saw the luggage put into the car.

3. They are said to know English well.

4. It is the work to be done.

3. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая особое внимание на функцию герундия.

1. I don’t remember having seen him before.

2. There is no hope of our seeing him soon.

3. Before being sent to the shop the devices were counted and marked.

4. There are different ways of doing it

4. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

England Needs More Rain

Those who complain about our weather may be surprised to learn that there are some people in England who want more rain. We certainly have greater amount of water than many other countries, but we don’t get as much as we need. Two or three weeks in the summer without rain and we have problems. The trouble is partly that the rain falls in the wrong place, partly that we can’t store enough of it, and partly that we use much more than we need.

Most of Britain’s rain falls in Wales and Scotland, but we need it in the drier South-East England, and Midlands.

Of course we store this water and send it to the other parts of the country. Birmingham, for example, the second largest city in England, gets its water from North Wales. But our reservoirs are now a hundred years old and need to be much larger. Both at home and in our factories we use much more water than we did a hundred years ago. It takes 100,000 gallons of water to make one car. Factories at least pay for the water they employ, but in our homes we only pay to have water. After that we can use as much as we want. Finally, what we have left in our rivers is so dirty that we can’t use it.

To cope with this problem isn’t simple. First we must find a way of keeping our water clean. Factories needn’t use so much, they must learn to reuse water and go ahead with studying the new ways of using water from the sea.

5. Перепишите вопросы и дайте письменные ответы.

1. How many gallons of water does it take to make one car?

2. Factories must learn to reuse water, mustn’t they?

3. Do the English factories pay for the water?

4. Where does most of Britain’s rain fall?

ВАРИАНТ 3

1. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимания на разные значения слов – it, that,one.

1. That was an important discovery.

2. It is not difficult to master English, but you must work regularly.

3. To determinate the density of a body one must know its mass and its volume.

1. We know geology to play an important part in the discovery of coal and other mineral deposits.

2. The problem to be discussed is connected with the city water supply system.

3. A new plan is supposed to be constructed far from this town.

4. We wanted him to take it into consideration.

3. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая особое внимание на функцию герундия.

1. I am fond of reading.

2. There are different ways of solving this problem.

3. You will improve your pronunciation by reading aloud every day.

4. Skating is pleasant.

4. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Pollution

The British, like many other Europeans, are becoming more and more worried about their environment. Here are some of the environmental problems we face.

As the pollution of large cities like London, Birmingham and Manchester continues to grow, the pollution problems get worse.

The air in many towns and cities has been polluted by traffic and industry. Water pollution has been a serious problem for many British rivers. Since 1950 the amount of annually renewable fresh water available for human being has fallen by more than half.

High-rise blocks become prisons for the people who live in them.

We throw out a great deal of valuable materials. Paper, glass, metal and plastics can all be recycled.

The number of cars and lorries is growing all the time. They need bigger, better and more expensive roads, which often ruin the countryside. Traffic in our cities is getting worse and worse.

If we are unable to learn to use the environment carefully and protect it from damage caused by man’s activities, very soon we’ll have no world to live in.

5. Перепишите вопросы и дайте письменные ответы.

1. Do the pollution problems get worse?

2. Water pollution has been a serious problem in many British rivers, hasn’t it?

3. What is getting worse all the time?

4. What materials can be recycled?

ВАРИАНТ 4

1. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимания на разные значения слов – it, that,one.

1. Copper is one of the metals used in the prehistoric times.

2. It is indeed very difficult to give a definition of science that will be as broad as we should like.

3. Coal is very useful mineral. We derive various products from it.

4. This text is much more difficult than the one we translated yesterday.

1. He was saving money to travel about the country.

2. The new electronic digital co

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