A. J. Gillett, University of Hertfordshire
Посмотрите на пример аннотации и слова-сигналы, которые использовал автор.
1. During the last 10 years, use of the World-Wide-Web for educational purposes has increased dramatically. 2. However, very little empirical research has been carried out to determine the effectiveness of this use. 3. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effectiveness of using the World-Wide-Web on an EAP writing course. 4. Two groups of students were taught writing by two different methods: one group was taught by a teacher in a traditional classroom, while a second group included use of an on-line web-site in their course. 5. The two groups were assessed in the same way after a twelve-week period of instruction. 6. Results of the assessment showed significant differences between the two groups, the group that used the on-line web-site performing much better on all aspects of the test. 7. This suggests that the use of computer assisted learning programmes for at least some of the teaching time available can be recommended for EAP writing courses
Учтите также, что:
1) В аннотации не должно быть ничего, чего нет в самой статье.
2) Аннотация это не введение. Статья должна представлять собой автономный текст, независящий от аннотации. Аннотация должна быть написана после того, как закончена статья.
3) Аннотация состоит из одного абзаца и является автономной.
4) В аннотации не должно быть никакой визуальной информации, цифр и ссылок, если только по какой-либо причине не нужно упомянуть названий другой научной работы.
Образец аннотации
Rick Cushing, «Single-Sideband Upconversion of Quadrature DDS Signals to the 800-to-2500-MHz Band» Ph.D. University of Pittsburgh, 1998 DAI-B 59/06, p. 2797, Dec 1998.
1. The paper under discussion covers the area of radio engineering and deals with a problem of low frequency signals and their quadrature modulation. 2.Its key idea is to introduce the basic unconvert principles for quadrature low-frequency signals carried by means of direct digital synthesis. 3.The engineering approach to the problem is based on upconversion methodology to suggest innovative solutions for low-frequency signals by means of integrated circuits. 4.Besides, a problem of transformation without loss of quality is thoroughly considered. The results of laboratory studies on direct digital synthesis are analyzed in detail. Particular attention is given to the main parameters of signals with view to their transformation characteristics. 5.The data obtained are backed up by the figures given to illustrate the main transformation processes and their properties. The material presented can open new prospects for further research studies. It seems to be interesting to those who work in the field of digital radio engineering.
Key words: digital radio engineering, low frequency signals, quadrature modulation, upconversion methodology, direct digital synthesis.
Комментарии:
В первом предложении дана информация о предметной области и объекте исследования (the subject area and the research object):
The paper under discussion covers the area of radio engineering and deals with a problem of low frequency signals and their quadrature modulation.
Второе предложение содержит информацию о цели и предмете исследования (the aim and the subject of the investigation):
Its key idea is to introduce the basic unconvert principles for quadrature low-frequency signals carried by means of direct digital synthesis.
Содержание третьего предложения – методология/ реализуемый подход к решению проблемы (Methodology):
The engineering approach to the problem is based on upconversion methodology to suggest innovative solutions for low-frequency signals by means of integrated circuits.
Четвертое – шестое предложения в тексте аннотации раскрывают детали содержания:
Besides, a problem of transformation without loss of quality is thoroughly considered. The results of laboratory studies on direct digital synthesis are analyzed in detail. Particular attention is given to the main parameters of signals with view to their transformation characteristics.
Седьмое – девятое предложения иллюстрируют итоги работы и содержат заключение о значении данного исследования в широком контексте данной области знания:
The data obtained are backed up by the figures given to illustrate the main transformation processes and their properties. The material presented can open new prospects for further research studies. It seems to be interesting to those who work in the field of digital radio engineering.