I. Read and translate into Russian:
Drizzle or rain may freeze on coming into contact with the surface of any object at sea (a vessel) when the temperature is rather low. The ice formed is termed icing.
II. Memorise these words:
| a) Celsius | по шкале Цельсия |
| edge ice ~ | кромка, край кромка льда |
| icing light ~ moderate ~ severe ~ | обледенение легкое обледенение умеренное обледенение сильное обледенение |
| temperature stable ~ | температура устойчивая температура |
| b) MS max min | минус (MS05 – минус 5°) maximum minimum |
Reading material
1. NORTHEASTERN PART OF DENMARK STRAIT
NORTHEAST FORCE 6, NEAR GALE FORCE 7 TO GALE FORCE 8 IN EASTERN PART. SLEET OR SNOW AT TIMES. POOR IN PRECIPITATION. PARTLY MODERATE ICING IN EASTERN PART.
2. NORWEGIAN SEA AND DENMARK STRAIT
EAST OF 20 WEST, NORTHWESTERLY 6 TO GALE 8 OCCASIONALLY SEVERE GALE 9 WEST OF 20 WEST VARIABLE 3 OR 4, BECOMING SOUTHEASTERLY 6 OR 7 IN EXTREME SOUTH LATER. SNOW SHOWERS. GOOD EXCEPT IN SNOW. TEMPERATURES MS05 TO MS08; BUT LOWER NEAR ICE EDGE. LIGHT TO MODERATE ICING.
3. DENMARK STRAIT
IN WEST, NORTHEAST 3 OR 4. SNOW SHOWERS MAINLY GOOD
IN EAST, NORTH OR NORTHEAST BACKING NORTHWEST 6TO GALE 8. OCCASIONAL SNOW. MODERATE OR POOR. LIGHT ICING IN EAST WITH TEMPERATURES ZERO TO MINUS 03 CELSIUS.
4. NORTH OCEANIC AREA
WITH LIGHT/MODERATE SHOWERS AND ISOLATED THUNDERSTORMS IN THE NORTH OF 08S WIND SE 11/16 KTS IN THE SOUTH OF 05S AND 07/10 KTS IN THE NORTH OF 05S WAVES FROM SE 0.5/1.0 M VISIB 10/20 KM DECREASING TO 04/10 KM DURING SHOWERS STABLE TEMP MAX 30 MIN 24.
5. Denmark Strait Cyclonic 5 or 6, but northerly 6 to Gale 8 in far east at first, becoming easterly or north-easterly Gale 8 or Severe Gale 9, occasionally Storm Force 10. Rough to very rough, occasionally high. Sleet or snow. Moderate or poor. Moderate icing, occasionally severe close to ice edge, with temperatures MS02 to MS05.
6. EAST OF 05 WEST AND NORTH OF 65 NORTH, SOUTHWEST 6 OR 7 VEERING WEST OR NORTHWEST 5 OR 6, DECREASING 4 NEAR 65 NORTH LATER. RAIN THEN WINTRY SHOWERS. MODERATE BECOMING GOOD. TEMPERATURES FALLING TO MS02 TO MS06 WITH LIGHT TO MODERATE ICING DEVELOPING. EAST OF 05 WEST, AND SOUTH OF 65 NORTH, VARIABLE 3 OR 4 BECOMING NORTHEASTERLY 4 OR 5. RAIN IN FAR SOUTH. MODERATE OR GOOD, OCCASIONALLY POOR IN FAR SOUTH.
Part II. Reading Material
Unit 1
1. EXTENDED OUTLOOK FOR PERIOD TUESDAY UNTIL FRIDAY ISSUED BY THE MET. OFFICE AT 2100 GMT ON SUNDAY 16 JULY.
HIGH NEAR IRELAND WITH RIDGE EXTENDING EASTWARDS TO NORTH SEA THROUGH MOST OF PERIOD. FRONTAL TROUGH EXTENDING SOUTHWARDS FROM ICELAND WEAKENING, BUT ASSOCIATED LOW NEAR AZORES ON TUESDAY MOVING NORTHEAST AND DEEPENING, TO BE CENTRED FINISTERRE BY THURSDAY.
PRESSURE REMAINING LOW OVER IBERIA. NO HAZARDS EXPECTED, BUT WINDS REACHING FORCE 6 OR PERHAPS 7 THROUGH THE WESTERN ENGLISH CHANNEL BY LATER FRIDAY.
2. 110700 UTC NOV
BALTIC SEA WEATHER FORECAST
NO WARNINGS
WEATHER SUMMARY:
MASSIVE HIGH COVERING GREAT PARTS OF NORTHEASTERN EUROPE. CENTERED OVER THE BALTIC STATES, REMAINING STATIONARY.
FORECAST VALID 24 HOURS:
SKAGERRAK, KATTEGAT, THE SOUND, THE BELTS AND WESTERN BALTIC:
SE 5 – 10. IN THE EVENING VEERING S. MOD OR GOOD VIS, IN THE NORTHERN WATERS POSSIBLY DRIZZLE DURING THE DAY.
LAKE VAENERN:
S 1 – 5. MOD OR POOR VIS, DURING THE DAY POSSIBLY SLEET. SOUTHERN AND SOUTHEASTERN BALTIC AROUND S 5 – 10 AND GOOD VIS.
CENTRAL BALTIC AND GULF OF RIGA: S OR SW 3 – 7 AND FOG BANKS.
3. NORTH UTSIRE
SYNOPTIC SITUATION MONDAY AT 06 UTC:
LOW 1002 HPA, SOUTHERN FINLAND, MOVING NORTHWEST, EXPECTED TUESDAY NOON NORTH OF LOFOTEN.
LOW 1005 HPA, SOUTHERN SWEDEN, MOVING EAST AND FILLING.
LOW 1002 HPA, 52 DEGREES NORTH 35 WEST, ALMOST STATIONARY. HIGH PRESSURE RIDGE 1026 HPA, FROM SOUTHERN ENGLAND TOWARDS SOUTHEAST GREENLAND, MOVING SLIGHTLY TO THE EAST.
FORECAST VALID UNTIL TUESDAY 12 PM:
AREA FROM STOREGGA-HALTENBANK TO GREENWICH MERIDIAN:
NORTHERLY FORCE 3 OR 4, BACKING NORTHWESTERLY, EASTERN PART INCREASING FORCE 6 TONIGHT. SCATTERED SHOWERS, OTHERWISE GOOD.
NORTHEASTERN PART OF DENMARK STRAIT:
VARIABLE OR EASTERLY FORCE 3 OR 4. MAINLY DRY, MODERATE OR GOOD. TUESDAY INCREASING NORTHEASTERLY FORCE 6, FIRST IN WESTERN PART. RAIN AND DRIZZLE, RISK FOG, FIRST IN WESTERN PART. MODERATE OUTSIDE FOG.
4. SYNOPTIC SITUATION ON SUNDAY AT 18 UTC.
LOW 1006 HPA IN SKAGERRAK MOVING LOW 1002 HPA CENTRAL SWEDEN MOVING WEST LATER SOUTHWEST 15 KNOTS. LOW 1009 HPA 40 NORTH 17 WEST REMAINING ALMOST STATIONARY.
FORECAST VALID 24 HOURS:
SKAGERRAK:
AROUND S INCREASING 5–10 M/S. MOD – GOOD VIS, LOCALLY SNOW OR SLEET.
KATTEGAT, LAKE VAENERH, THE SOUND, THE BELTS AND WESTERN BALTIC: FIRST VARIABLE 2–5 BUT TOWARDS NOON S AND LATER SOMEWHAT INCREASING. MAINLY GOOD VIS.
SOUTHERN BALTIC: FIRST N OR VARIABLE 2–6. COMING NIGHT GRADUALLY S. MAINLY GOOD VIS.
SOUTHEASTERN BALTIC, CENTRAL BALTIC: AROUND N 8–12, DURING DAY DIMINISHING. GOOD VIS BUT LOCALLY POOR IN CONNECTION WITH SNOW SHOWERS. COMING NIGHT W-NW 3–7 AND GENERALLY GOOD VIS.
5. PART 2: GENERAL SYNOPSIS, FRIDAY 8 AT 12 UTC
LOW 1002 55N24W, MOVING NORTH AND DEEPENING, EXPECTED 995 IN WEST OF ICELAND BY 10/00UTC.
HIGH BUILDING 1025 IN NORTH OVER AZORES ISLANDS AND EXTENDING NORTHEASTWARD.
LOW 1006 OVER MAURITANIA, WITH LITTLE MOVE.
TROPICAL WAVE ALONG 27W SOUTH OF 22N, MOVING WEST AT 10/15 KT, WITH LOW 1008 ALONG AXIS NEAR 14N. LOW 1006 OVER MAURITANIA WITH LITTLE CHANGE.
ITCZ ALONG 13N15W 8N30W.
… AREAS OF PATCHY DENSE FOG OCCASIONALLY REDUCING VSBY BELOW 1 NM OVER FORECAST WATERS N OF 50N OF 60W… ALSO N OF A LINE FROM 42N 60W TO 50N 42W.
SOUTHEAST ICELAND
WEST VEERING NORTHEAST 3 OR 4, OCCASIONALLY 5 AT FIRST. RAIN OR SHOWERS DYING OUT. MODERATE OR GOOD.
6. GENERAL SYNOPSIS, TUESDAY 26 JUNE AT 16 UTC
HIGH 1018 MB NEAR 30N 165E MOVING NORTHWEST SLOWLY. RIDGES FROM HIGH THROUGH 26N 16OE AND THROUGH 26N 175E NEARLY STATIONARY.
WEST CENTRAL SECTION
CYCLONIC 6 TO GALE 8 IN EXTREME NORTH AT FIRST, OTHERWISE WESTERLY 6 TO GALE 8, DECREASING 5, BACKING SOUTHERLY AND INCREASING 6 TO GALE 8 IN WEST LATER. WINTRY SHOWERS. CHIEFLY GOOD.
WEST NORTHERN SECTION
IN NORTH, NORTHEASTERLY BECOMING CYCLONIC 5 OR 6. RAIN SPREADING NORTHWEST. GOOD BECOMING MODERATE WITH FOG PATCHES DEVELOPING.
IN SOUTH, EASTERLY BACKING NORTHWESTERLY 5 TO 7, DECREASING 3 OR 4, BECOMING VARIABLE IN WEST. OCCASIONAL RAIN. MODERATE OR GOOD.
EAST NORTHERN SECTION
IN NORTH, SOUTHERLY, BUT NORTHWESTERLY IN EAST AT FIRST, 4 OR 5 BECOMING CYCLONIC 5 TO 7, OCCASIONALLY GALE 8. RAIN OR SHOWERS. MODERATE OR GOOD.
IN SOUTH, WESTERLY 6 TO GALE 8, OCCASIONALLY SEVERE GALE 9 IN EAST AT FIRST AND IN WEST LATER. SHOWERS, BECOMING WINTRY IN WEST LATER. MODERATE OR GOOD.
7. WEATHER BULLETIN ON METAREA 2 (BISCAY BAY), ISSUED BY METEO-FRANCE TUESDAY 25 JULY AT 21 UTC. WIND SPEED IN BEAUFORT SCALE.
1: STORM WARNING: NONE
2: GENERAL SYNOPSIS, TUESDAY 25 JULY AT 12 UTC
THUNDERY LOW 1004 45N09W MOVING NORTHEAST AND FILLING, EXPECTED 1013 49N2W BY 27/00UTC, LOW 1017 39N34W DRIFTING EAST AND LOSING ITS IDENTITY, EXPECTED 1014 39N26W AT 26/12UTC.
3: AREA FORECASTS TO THURSDAY 27 JULY AT 00 UTC.
WEST BRITTANY, NORTH BISCAY:
CYCLONIC 2 TO 4 IMMINENT, INCREASING WEST 3 TO 5 LATER. SLIGHT OR MODERATE. RAIN OR DRIZZLE, MIST. VISIBILITY LOCALLY POOR.
WEST BISCAY:
SOUTHWEST 7–8, VEERING WEST TO NORTHWEST POSSIBLY 9. OCCASIONAL RAIN THEN SHOWERS WITH RISK HAIL AND THUNDERSTORM. GOOD, MODERATE TO POOR IN PRECIPITATION. WAVEHEIGHT 3.0 – 4.0 METER, INCREASING 4.0 – 5.5 METER.
8. 040000 UTC SEP 03
WEATHER BULLETIN ON METAREA 2 (BISCAY BAY), METEO-FRANCE WEDNESDAY 3 SEPTEMBER 2003 AT 21 UTC. WIND IN BEAUFORT SCALE.
1: WARNING: NONE.
2: GENERAL SYNOPSIS, WEDNESDAY 3 AT 12 UTC
SHALLOW THUNDERY LOW 1016 OVER SPAIN, SLOWLY MOVING NORTH, REACHING BAY OF BISCAY LATER. HIGH 1031 OVER ENGLAND EXTENDED WITH A RIDGE TO AZORES ISLANDS. DRIFTING EASTWARD, EXPECTED 1030 OVER NETHERLANDS BY 04/12UTC.
3: FORECASTS TO FRIDAY 5 AT 00 UTC IROISE YEU, ROCHEBONNE:
EAST OR NORTHEAST 3 OR 4, LOCALLY 5 IN IROISE AT FIRST, BECOMING VARIABLE 2 OR 3 LATER, SLIGHT OR MODERATE DECREASING. RAIN LOCALLY THUNDERY IN SOUTH LATER.
CANTABRICO:
EASTERLY 3 TO 5, BECOMING SOUTHEAST 4 OR 5 IN EAST AND VARIABLE 2 OR 3 IN WEST SOON. SLIGHT THUNDER SQUALLS.
FINISTERRE:
NORTHEAST 4 OR 5, LOCALLY 6 NEAR CAPE, BACKING NORTH SOON, THEN ABATING 3 TO 5 LATER, SLIGHT OR MODERATE, TEMPORARILY ROUGH IN SOUTH.
PAZENN:
EASTERLY 3 TO 5, BACKING NORTHEASTERLY 2 OR 3 SOON, THEN NORTHERLY LATER, SLIGHT.
OUTLOOK FOR NEXT 24 HOURS: NO DANGEROUS PHENOMENON EXPECTED.
9. GENERAL SYNOPSIS
AT 170000 UTC, LOW JUST SOUTH OF ICELAND 995 EXPECTED HEBRIDES 992 BY 180000 UTC. LOW 67NORTH 04 WEST 994 MOVING SLOWLY NORTHEAST AND FILLING 1003 BY 180000UTC. HIGH 53 NORTH 42 WEST 1026 MOVING SLOWLY EAST AND DECLINING TO RIDGE.
WEST NORTHERN SECTION
NORTHERLY 5 OR 6, BACKING NORTHWESTERLY 5 TO 7 IN SOUTHEAST, BUT SOUTHWESTERLY BECOMING CYCLONIC 4 OR 5 LATER IN WEST. TEMPORARY RAIN LATER, BUT SLEET FOR A TIME IN FAR NORTH. MODERATE OR GOOD, BECOMING POOR AT TIMES.
EAST CENTRAL SECTION
CYCLONIC 5 TO 7 OCCASIONAL GALE 8 WITH GUSTS, INCREASING SEVERE GALE 9 TO EAST OF LOW CENTRE. INTERMITTENT RAIN OR SQUALLY SHOWERS. MODERATE OR GOOD, WITH FOG PATCHES IN EAST.
DENMARK STRAIT
SOUTHWESTERLY 4 OR 5, OCCASIONAL 6 AT FIRST IN NORTHEAST, BECOMING VARIABLE 4, THEN NORTHEASTERLY 5 OR 6 IN NORTHEAST. PATCHY DRIZZLE OR SLEET, BUT RAIN OR SNOW LATER. MODERATE OR GOOD BECOMING POOR WITH FOG PATCHES.
10. High Seas WeaTher Bulletin – 12th November 2006
Storm Warning
At 110000 UTC, Low 67°N 14°W 969 becoming complex with main centre expected 67°N 8°E 984 by 120000 UTC. Low 56°N 57°W 976 becoming complex with main centre expected 62°N 37°W 979 by same time. Winds reaching Storm Force 10 at times around first low in western semicircle between 50 and 700 miles of centre. Winds reach Storm Force 10 after 120000 UTC around second Low in north-west quadrant between 50 and 200 miles of centre.
Area forecasts for the next 24 hours.
SOLE
West veering north-west for a time 4 or 5. Moderate to rough. Mainly fair. Good.
Shannon
Westerly 5 or 6, occasionally 7 in norTh. Rough to very rough. MAINLY Fair. Good.
Rockall Bailey
West, veering north-west for a time. Gale 8 or Severe Gale 9, occasionally Storm Force 10, decreasing 5 or 6. High to very high becoming very rough. Squally showers then rain. Moderate or good, occasionally poor at first.
Faeroes/South-east ICELAND
West veering north-west, backing later, Gale 8 or Severe Gale 9, occasionally Storm Force 10, easing 5 to 7. High to very high becoming rough to very rough. Squally showers then rain. Moderate or good, occasionally poor IN PRECIPITATION.
11. GENERAL Synopsis
A FRONTAL TROUGH EXTENDING FROM 24N65W TO WINDWARD
PASSAGE WILL CONTINUE THROUGH MON, THE TROUGH WILL DRIFT N TUE AND BE N OF THE AREA WED. ANOTHER COLD FRONT MOVES OFF COAST UNITED STATES MON AND STALLS FROM 31N76W TO CENTRAL FLORIDA THROUGH THU AND DISSIPATES FRI.
SW N ATLC S OF 31N W OF 65W INCLUDING THE BAHAMAS.
Forecast
East Northern Section
North-westerly 7 to Severe Gale 9, occasionally Storm Force 10 in north-east, backing southerly or south-westerly 6 to Gale 8. Very rough to high. WIDELY SCATTERED THUNDERSTORMS. Moderate or good.
West Northern Section
In north, cyclonic 5 or 6, increasing 7 to Severe Gale 9, occasionally Storm Force 10 in far north. Very rough to high. Rain, SCATTERED snow later. Moderate or good, occasionally poor in snow. Light icing in north-west, with temperatures MS02 to MS04.
In south, southerly or south-westerly 6 to Gale 8, occasionally Severe Gale 9 later. Very rough to High. Rain. Moderate or good.
East Central Section
In north, westerly backing southerly 6 or 7. Very rough, occasionally high at first. Occasional rain. Moderate to good.
In south, variable 3 or 4 becoming southerly or south-westerly 4 or 5. Rough CROSSED SEA. Mainly fair. Good.
12. Shipping forecast – 11th November 2006
Storm Warning
There are warnings of gales in Viking, North Utsire, South Utsire, Forties, Cromarty, Forth, Tyne, Dogger, Fisher, German Bight, Humber, Thames, Irish Sea, Rockall, Malin, Hebrides, Bailey, Fair Isle, Faeroes and Southeast Iceland.
GENERAL SYNOPSIS
Deepening Atlantic Low 972 expected south-west of Iceland 966 by mid-day tomorrow. Atlantic High 1033 moving steadily east expected west Fitzroy with little change.
AREA FORECASTS FOR THE NEXT 24 HOURS
SOLE
IN WEST, SOUTH OR SOUTHEAST 7 OR GALE 8 VEERING SOUTHWEST 5 OR 6, DECREASING 4 LATER. RAIN THEN SHOWERS. GOOD OCCASIONALLY MODERATE.
IN EAST, SOUTHERLY 4 OR 5, BACKING SOUTHEASTERLY 5 OR 6, OCCASIONALLY 7 LATER. RAIN LATER. GOOD BECOMING MODERATE.
SHANNON
SOUTH OR SOUTHEAST BACKING EAST 5 TO 7, OCCASIONALLY GALE 8 OF SHORT DURATION, DECREASING 4 IN SOUTHWEST LATER. RAIN. MODERATE, BECOMING GOOD LATER IN SOUTHWEST.
FAEROES SOUTHEAST ICELAND
SOUTHEAST BACKING EAST OR NORTHEAST 4 OR 5. FAIR. MODERATE WITH DENSE FOG PATCHES.
13. OUTLOOK FOR FOLLOWING 24 HOURS:
THE DEEP LOW DRIFTS SLOWLY NORTHWESTWARDS. GALES IN ALL AREAS EXCEPT FAEROES, SOUTHEAST ICELAND AND NORWEGIAN BASIN, SEVERE GALES IN EAST AND NORTHWEST QUADRANTS FROM THE CENTRE.
EAST CENTRAL SECTION
IN NORTH, CYCLONIC 5 TO 7. RAIN OR SHOWERS. MODERATE.
IN SOUTH, SOUTHERLY 6 IN EAST AT FIRST, OTHERWISE WESTERLY 5 OR 6, BECOMING VARIABLE 3 IN EAST. RAIN PATCHY DRIZZLE. MODERATE OR POOR IN PRECIPITATION.
North Iceland
Northerly or north-westerly Gale 8 to Storm Force 10, decreasing 5 to 7, becoming cyclonic 6 to Gale 8. High to very high becoming very rough. Occasional snow. Good occasionally poor. THREAT OF Severe icing in north-west, with temperatures MS05 to MS06. Moderate icing elsewhere with temperatures MS02 to MS04.
Norwegian Basin
South-westerly 5 or 6, veering north-westerly 6 to Gale 8, occasionally Severe Gale 9 in south. High becoming very rough. Rain or snow showers. Good occasionally poor. Light icing in north-west, with temperatures MS02 to MS05.
14. GENERAL SYNOPSIS, TUESDAY 11 NOVEMBER 2007 AT 00UTC
LOW 980 GRADUALLY FILLING WITH LITTLE MOVE. STRONG AND GUSTY NORTHWESTERLY FLOW IN SOUTHWEST QUADRANT OF LOW, WITH SECONDARY LOW 990 IN WEST OF BRITTANY MOVING EAST.
JOSEPHINE:
WESTERLY 4 BUT 5 OR 6 IN NORTHEAST OVERNIGHT, BECOMING VARIABLE CYCLONIC 3 OR 4 LATER. MODERATE, ROUGH IN NORTHEAST, DECREASING LATER. CROSSED WITH NORTHWEST SWELL. SHOWERS LOCALLY THUNDERY. LOCALLY POOR VIS UNDER RAIN.
NORTH OF CAPE VERDE: CALM OR VARIABLE 2 OR 3 BECOMING NORTHERLY 3 OR 4. MODERATE LOCALLY ROUGH IN FOR NORTH BY NORTHWEST SWELL. SCATTERED SHOWERS DECREASING BY WEST. MAINLY GOOD.
WEST BRITTANY AND NORTH BISCAY:
WESTERLY 2 TO 4 BACKING SOUTH IMMINENT THEN SOUTHEAST IN THE EVENING AND INCREASING 3 TO 5 OVERNIGHT. SLIGHT BECOMING MODERATE. SHOWERY OUTBREAKS OF RAIN.
15. PART 1: GALE
GALE WARNING: NIL
PART 2:
GENERAL SYNOPSIS 96/11/19 AT 0000 UTC:
– HIGH 1024 HPA NEAR 44S/52E, EXTENDING BY A RIDGE SOUTHEASTWARD AND NORTHEASTWARD, MOVING EASTWARD 20/25KT.
– LOW 1006 HPA NEAR 30S/39E. WITH CONVERGENCE LINE AXIS 31S/38E, 32S/40E, 33S/42E, 31S/46E, MOVING SOUTHEASTWARD SLOWLY.
– COLD FRONT LEAVING AREA, AXIS 30S/80E, 40S/8BE, 45S/8SE, 50S/85E, WITH ASSOCIATED LOW 988 HPA NEAR 48S/80E, MOVING EASTWARD 30 KT.
– WAVING COLD FRONT AXIS 40S/21E, 44S/15E, 47S/25E, 50S/35E, 5SS/44E, WITH ASSOCIATED LOW 996 HPA NEAR 42S/16E, MOVING EASTWARD 30 KT.
WAM (30S/40S.50E/65E): SQUALLS IN THE CONVERGENCE LINE. ANTICLOCKWISE 3/4 OVER SOUTHEASTERN AREA, NORTHEASTERLY 4/5 AHEAD THE CONVERGENCE LINE, BACKING WESTERLY 3/4 BEHIND OVER NORTHWESTERN PART. MODERATE. MODERATE SOUTHWESTERLY SWELL. MODERATE IN SQUALLS.
CRO (40S/50S, 50E/65E): ANTICLOCKWISE 3/4, BUT SOUTHERLY 4/5 OVER EASTERN AREA, SETTING UP NORTHWESTERLY 5/6 IN END OF VALIDITY. ROUGH TO VERY ROUGH. MODERATE WESTERLY SWELL. FRONTAL RAIN AND SHOWERS IN END OF PERIOD. MODERATE IN RAIN ELSE GOOD.
KER (40S/50S, 65E/80E): SHOWERS.
TEMPORARILY CLOCKWISE 5/6 OVER FAR SOUTHERN AREA, SOUTHWESTERLY 5 TO 7 ELSEWHERE, DECREASING 4/5 BY WESTERN AREA IN SECOND PART OF VALIDITY. ROUGH TO VERY ROUGH. MODERATE WESTERLY SWELL. MODERATE IN SHOWERS.
Unit 2
1. 282200 utc july 2002
WEATHER BULLETIN
GALE FORCE 8 IS EXPECTED IN AREAS D4, D5, E4.
SYNOPTIC SITUATION AT 1200 UTC:
LOW CENTER 993 HPA POSITION 73 NORTH 07 WEST IS MOVING NORTHEASTERLY AT 10 KNOTS AND FILLING SLOWLY. HIGH 1089 HPA CENTERED AT 59 NORTH 38 EAST 13 ALMOST STATIONARY AND BUILDING UP SLOWLY.
FORECAST VALID FOR THE NEXT 24 HOURS
A3, A4, A5, A6, B3, B4, B5:
EASTERLY 4, MONDAY AFTERNOON BACKING NORTHERLY. SCATTERED RAIN AND MODERATE IN A5 AND B5, ELSEWHERE CHIEFLY DRY AND GOOD.
C5, C6:
NORTHEASTERLY NEAR GALE 7, THIS AFTERNOON GRADUALLY DECREASING TO NORTHERLY 6, FIRST IN C5. RAIN AND MODERATE, MAINLY IN SOUTHERN PARTS. FROM FRIDAY MORNING MAINLY WESTERLY 4. SCATTERED SHOWERS OF RAIN, ELSE GOOD.
C7, D7:
SOUTHERLY 6. FROM THIS AFTERNOON CYCLONIC
NEAR GALE 7. INTERMITTENT RAIN. FROM TONIGHT NORTHWESTERLY GALE 8 SHOWERS OF RAIN. MODERATE IN PRECIPITATION.
D5:
NORTHWESTERLY NEAR GALE 7, AT TIMES GALE 8.
SCATTERED SHOWERS OR DRIZZLE, ELSE GOOD. THIS AFTERNOON DECREASING TO NORTHEASTERLY 6, FROM FRIDAY MORNING EASTERLY 5. MAINLY DRY AND GOOD.
2. GENERAL SYNOPSIS
AT 300000 UTC, LOW 39 NORTH 35 WEST 998 EXPECTED 37 NORTH 36 WEST 994 BY 010000 UTC. HIGH 55 NORTH 40 WEST 1030 EXPECTED 53 NORTH 46 WEST 1031 BY SAME TIME. LOW 62 NORTH 16 WEST 1007 MOVING STEADILY SOUTHEAST AND FILLING. DEVELOPING LOW EXPECTED TRAFALGAR 1004 BY 010000 UTC.
DEVELOPING HIGH EXPECTED JUST NORTH OF ICELAND 1026 ALSO BY THAT TIME.
ITCZ CURVES SOUTH OF 08 NORTH BETWEEN 02 EAST AND 40 WEST.
C1, D1:
NORTHEASTERLY SEVERE GALE 9 OR STORM 10.
FROM THIS AFTERNOON SLOWLY DECREASING. TOMORROW NORTHERLY 6. SNOW AND SNOW SHOWERS. POOR IN PRECIPITATION. RISK SEVERE ICING IN C1.
C3, D3:
VARIABLE OR EASTERLY 3 TO 5. FROM SATURDAY MORNING EASTERLY 5. AT TIMES SCATTERED RAIN OR SLEET, ELSEWHERE DRY. MODERATE OR POOR IN PRECIPITATION.
C4, D4:
NORTHEAST FORCE 6, OCCASIONALLY NEAR GALE FORCE FROM THIS EVENING SOUTH FORCE 5 IN SOUTHEASTERN PARTS. SCATTERED WINTRY SHOWERS, POOR IN SHOWERS.
3. GENERAL SYNOPSIS
AT 190000 UTC, LOW SHANNON 971 EXPECTED WIGHT 967 BY 200000 UTC. HIGH NEAR AZORES 1034 SLOW MOVING AND DECLINING 1029 BY SAME TIME.
AREA FORECAST FOR NEXT 24 HOURS.
WEST OF FARADAY:
NORTHEASTERLY 3 TO 5 GRADUALLY VEERING EASTERLY 5 TO 7 FROM WEST. MODERATE BECOMING ROUGH. SCATTERED SHOWERS. MAINLY GOOD VIS EXCEPT IN SHOWERS.
EAST OF FARADAY:
NORTHWESTERLY 4 TO 6 BECOMING VARIABLE 2 TO 4 LATER. MODERATE OR ROUGH. NORTH OR NORTHWEST SWELL INCREASING 3 OR 4 M. RAIN OR SHOWERS. MODERATE OR POOR VIS IN RAIN.
WEST OF ALTAIR:
VARIABLE 2 TO 4 INCREASING 5 TO 7 AT END, SOUTHWESTERLY PREVAILING. MODERATE BECOMING ROUGH. RAIN OR SHOWERS. MODERATE OR POOR VIS.
EAST OF ALTAIR:
WESTERLY 4 TO 6 DECREASING IMMINENT 3 TO 5, BECOMING VARIABLE 4 TO 6 LATER, THEN SOUTHERLY PREVAILING AT END. ROUGH, LOCALLY VERY ROUGH. PATCHY DRIZZLE. MODERATE OR POOR VIS.
ALICE
WEST OR SOUTHWEST 3 TO 5 BACKING SOUTHWEST 4 TO 6 SOON, AND INCREASING 6 OR 7, OCCASIONALLY 8 FROM WEST LATER. SEVERE GUSTS. MODERATE BECOMING ROUGH OR VERY ROUGH. RAIN OR SHOWERS. MODERATE OR POOR VIS.
4. GENERAL SYNOPSIS, TUESDAY 20 MAY 1997 AT 00UTC
LOW DEEPENING IN SOUTH OF NOVA SCOTIA EXPECTED 1005 BY 40N50W BY 201200 THEN MOVING EAST/NORTHEAST 40 KT WHILE RAPIDLY DEEPENING.
EAST CENTRAL SECTION
IN SOUTHEAST, NORTH VEERING NORTHEAST 4 OR 5. RAIN OR DRIZZLE. MODERATE WITH FOG PATCHES.
IN NORTHWEST, WEST VEERING NORTHEAST 3 OR 4 OCCASIONALLY 5. RAIN CLEARING. MODERATE OR POOR BECOMING GOOD.
WEST CENTRAL SECTION
IN NORTH, WESTERLY 5 OR 6 BECOMING VARIABLE 3 OR 4. SHOWERS DYING OUT. GOOD.
IN SOUTH, CYCLONIC 4 IN SOUTHEAST AT FIRST, OTHERWISE NORTHWESTERLY VEERING NORTHEASTERLY 3 OR 4, INCREASING 5 IN SOUTHEAST. RAIN IN SOUTHEAST. GOOD IN WEST, REMAINDER OF AREA MODERATE OR POOR.
NORWEGIAN SEA AND DENMARK STRAIT
WEST OF 15 WEST, SOUTHWESTERLY 3 OR 4 INCREASING 5 OR 6. FAIR. GOOD. TEMPERATURES MS02 TO MS05 WITH LIGHT ICING DEVELOPING.
15 WEST TO 05 WEST AND NORTH OF 65 NORTH, NORTHWESTERLY 6 TO GALE 8 BACKING SOUTHWESTERLY 5 OR 6. WINTRY SHOWERS. MAINLY GOOD. TEMPERATURES MS02 TO MS06 WITH LIGHT TO MODERATE ICING.
15 WEST TO 05 WEST AND SOUTH OF 65 NORTH, NORTH OR NORTHWEST 4 BECOMING VARIABLE, MAINLY NORTHEASTERLY, 3 OR 4. WINTRY SHOWERS AT FIRST. GOOD.
5. synoptic situation on sunday at 18 utc:
low 988 s-ern north sea persisting until tuesday.
intensifying slowly. low 995 hpa n-sweden moving slowly nw, filling. high 1035 hpa nw of the azores persisting.
east central section
in west, mainly southeasteRly veering southwesterly 4 or 5, occasionally 6 in north. rain. moderate or good, occasionally poor.
in east, northerly 4 or 5 becoming variable 3. thundery showers. mainly good.
west central section
in northeast, southeasterly 5 or 6 veering southerly 4. rain. moderate or good, occasionally poor.
in southwest, southerly veering westerly 4 or 5, occasionally 6 at first. occasional rain. moderate with fog patches, occasionally good.
denmark strait
in west, southwesterly becoming cyclonic 4 or 5. rain IMMINENT. moderate or good.
in east, southwesterly 4 or 5. drizzle in south otherwise fair. moderate or good, occasionally poor in south.
norwegian basin
in north, west or southwest 6 to gale 8 veering northwest 5 or 6, ABATing 3 or 4 later in west. rain at first in east. moderate or good, occasionally poor at first in east.
in south, southwest 5 to 7 becoming variable 3 or 4. rain dying out. moderate or good, occasionally poor at first.
6. synoPsis
between low over scandinavia and high west of england northwesterly flow PERSISTs.
thames and dover:
gentle to moderate breeze (3–4) nw, in southern dover sometimes light breeze (2).
later light to gentle breeze (2–3) from variable directions. mostly dry. good or sometimes moderate visibility.
german bight:
mainly north 2–4, gradually backing northWest 3–4. rain or showers, possibly with thunders good, moderate in precipitation, sometimes poor waveheight around 1 meter.
german bight, dogger:
variable force 4. mainLy dry. from late tonight increasing force 5. first in southern parts. thursdaY evening decreasing variable force 3 to 4 in german bight. otherwise northeasterly force 4 to 5. sLight rain at times. THREAT fogbanks in southern parts. moderate in precipitation.
c2, c3, d2, d3:
mainly westerly 4 to 5 this evening veering northwest sunday morning northerly. scattered wintry sHowers. moderate in showers.
7. significant features and forecast
cold front through 30n 177w 29n 179e moving southeast 10 kt.
scattered showers near froNT.
24 hour forecast … cold front through 30n 17w 27n 180e.
48 hour forecast … front through 30n 170w 25n 180.
trough through 06n 172w 08n 152w 11n 140w nearly stationary. isolated moderate tstms within 225 nm of trough.
denmark strait
north 4 veering northeast 6 to gale 8. rain or HAIL. moderate or good. light icing developing with temperatures expected zero to minus 03.
east banks – north part:
southwest and west 10 to 15 metres per second, but lighter winds during the night. west 10 to 15 by morning. intermittent rain or showers, especially in the north.
east banks – north part:
southwest 13 to 18 metres per second, but southwest and west 8 to 13 during the night and tomorrow. fair to cloudy.
southeast banks:
southwest 10 to 15 metres per second and showers, but lighter winds by evening. west 10 to 15 and partly cloudy in the morning.
8. GENERAL SYNOPSIS, FRIDAY 16 MAY 2007 AT 0000 UTC.
LOW 998 BY 52N48W WITH DISTURBANCE ASSOCIATED SOUTHEASTWARDS TO 40N, EXPECTED 50N32W BY 170000Z THEN IN FAR NORTH OF FARADAY ON SATURDAY.
NORTH ICELAND
NORTHERLY 4 OR 5 BECOMING VARIABLE 3, SOON IN WEST SOUTH OR SOUTHWEST 4. RAIN IN SOUTHEAST DYING OUT. MAINLY GOOD IN NORTHWEST, MODERATE OR POOR IN SOUTHEAST BECOMING MAINLY GOOD.
EAST CENTRAL SECTION
IN NORTH, CYCLONIC OR VARIABLE 3. RAIN LATER. GOOD BECOMING MODERATE OR POOR, WITH FOG PATCHES IN EAST.
IN SOUTH, CYCLONIC 4 OR 5, BECOMING SOUTHERLY IN EAST. RAIN OR DRIZZLE SPREADING SLOWLY EAST. GOOD BECOMING MODERATE OR POOR, WITH FOG PATCHES IN EAST.
WEST CENTRAL SECTION
IN SOUTHEAST, CYCLONIC OR NORTHEAST 4 OR 5 BECOMING VARIABLE 3. RAIN CLEARING. MODERATE BECOMING GOOD.
IN NORTHEAST, VARIABLE 3 BECOMING SOUTH OR SOUTHEAST 4 OR 5 IN WEST. MAINLY FAIR. MAINLY GOOD.
GIBRALTAR:
IN STRAIT: VARIABLE 2 TO 4, TEMPORARILY WESTERLY 3 OR 4 TOMORROW AFTERNOON. SLIGHT OR MODERATE.
IN NORTH: SOUTHWESTERLY 3 TO 5 VEERING IMMINENT WEST OR NORTHWEST, AND BECOMING VARIABLE 2 TO 4 LATER. MODERATE.
9. AT 0600Z
FRONT 34S080E 40S088E 50S089E CURVING INTO LOW 978HPA NEAR 47SO87E MOVING ESE 35KN AND LOSING ITS IDENTITY.
AREA AFFECTED WITHIN 400NM OF LOW.
CLOCKWISE WINDS 30/45KN, VERY ROUGH SEAS, CROSSED WITH HEAVY SWELL.
WEST CENTRAL SECTION
CYCLONIC 5 TO 7 IN FAR NORTHEAST AT FIRST, OTHERWISE NORTHWESTERLY 5 OR 6, DECREASING 3 IN WEST, BACKING SOUTHEASTERLY 5 IN FAR WEST LATER. SCATTERED RAIN. MODERATE OR GOOD.
NORWEGIAN SEA AND DENMARK STRAIT
WEST OF 10 WEST, MAINLY NORTH OR NORTHEAST 5 TO 7, BUT 4 NEAR GREENLAND AND GALE 8 AT FIRST NEAR EAST ICELAND. WINTRY SHOWERS, FREQUENT NEAR 10 WEST. GOOD, BUT POOR IN SHOWERS. LIGHT ICING IN NORTH, TEMPERATURES MINUS 02 TO MINUS 04.
EAST OF 10 WEST, CYCLONIC 5 OR 6. WINTRY SHOWERS, FREQUENT IN NORTH. MODERATE OR GOOD, BUT POOR IN SHOWERS.
FURTHER OUTLOOKS
NORTHWESTERLIES FRESHENING IN WESTERN PART OF LOW 996 IN FARADAY MOVING TOWARDS CHARCOT: THREAT OF NORTHWEST GALE IN FARADAY DECREASING ON SUNDAY MORNING, THEN IN ALTAIR ON SATURDAY AFTERNOON, DECREASING FROM WEST ON SUNDAY.
10. GENERAL SYNOPSIS
AT 270000 UTC, LOW BAILEY 1006 EXPECTED 66 NORTH 15 WEST 1015 BY 280000 UTC. LOW 60 NORTH 32 WEST SLOW MOVING AND FILLING. LOW 55 NORTH 41 WEST 991 EXPECTED NEAR 54 NORTH 25 WEST 994 BY 280000 UTC, HIGH AZORES SLOW MOVING AND DECLINING.
AREA FORECASTS FOR THE NEXT 24 HOURS
WESTERLY 2 TO 4, IMMINENT VARIABLE, BECOMING EAST OR SOUTHEAST OVERNIGHT, INCREASING 5 FAR SOUTH ON WEDNESDAY MORNING. MODERATE WITH WESTERLY SWELL. LOCALLY POOR AT FIRST IN FAR SOUTH WITH OCCASIONAL MISTS OR DRIZZLE.
SIERRA LEONE:
NORTHEASTERLY 4 OR 5, BUT NORTH OR NORTHWEST 2 TO 4 IN EAST. MODERATE, LOCALLY SLIGHT IN FAR EAST. FREQUENT THUNDERSQUALLS IN SOUTH WITH SEVERE GUSTS. POOR VISI UNDER SQUALLS.
… 48 HOUR FORECAST LOW 58N 17W 990 MB … WITH A FORECAST FRONT EXTENDING FROM 59N 151W THROUGH 46N 166W. OVER FORECAST WATERS… FORECAST WINDS 20 TO 30 KT SEAS 10 TO 20 FT … HIGHEST NEAR 56N 176W … WITHIN 480 NM S SEMICIRCLE. ALSO FORECAST WINDS 20 TO 30 KT SEAS 8 TO 13 FT WITHIN 300 NM E OF THE FRONT.
11. PUERTO RICO AND U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS WATERS
SYNOPSIS FOR PUERTO RICO AND THE U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS WATERS 430 PM WED SEP 4 2002.
A LIGHT TO GENTLE TRADE WIND FLOW WILL CONTINUE ACROSS THE LOCAL WATERS THROUGH FRIDAY. HIGH PRESSURE WILL REBUILD WESTWARD INTO THE CENTRAL ATLANTIC THIS WEEKEND. THIS WILL ESTABLISH A MODERATE TRADE WIND FLOW ACROSS THE AREA SUNDAY AND MONDAY A TROPICAL WAVE LOCATED NEAR 46 DEGREES WEST IS EXPECTED TO AFFECT THE AREA LATE SUNDAY OR MONDAY.
SYNOPSIS … TROPICAL WAVE ALONG 49W MOVE W 15 KT.
E CARIBBEAN E OF 75W.
TONIGHT THROUGH FRI … S OF 15N W OF 68W WIND E 15 KT. SEAS 6 FT. ELSEWHERE WIND E 10 TO 15 KT. SEAS 5 FT.
FRI NIGHT THROUGH MON … LIGHT TO MODERATE E WIND. SEAS 5 FT.
TROPICAL N ATLC FROM 7N TO 22N BETWEEN 55W AND 65W.
TONIGHT … N OF 20N WIND E TO SE 10 KT. SEAS 6 FT IN NE SWELL. S OF 20N WIND SE 10 KT. SEAS 4 FT.
THU THROUGH FRI … WIND E 10 TO 15 KT. SEAS 5 FT.
FRI NIGHT THROUGH MON … LIGHT NE TO E WIND. SEAS 4 FT.
SYNOPSIS FOR SW N ATLC INCLUDING THE BAHAMAS.
SYNOPSIS … TROPICAL DEPRESSION EDOUARD 29.3N 81.4W INLAND AT 0300 UTC WILL CONTINUE TO MOVE W OVER N FLORIDA. OTHERWISE WEAK RIDGE NE OF AREA.
SW N ATLC S OF 31N W OF 65W INCLUDING THE BAHAMAS.
TONIGHT … N OF 28N W OF 77W WIND SLY 20 TO 25 KT. SEAS 7 TO 10 FT. REMAINDER AREA WIND SE TO S 10 KT SEAS 5 FT. SCATTERED SQUALLS WITHIN 120 NM OF EDOUARD. ISOLATED TSTMS ELSEWHERE.
THU THROUGH FRI … N OF 27N W OF 75W WIND SE 15 KT. SEAS 5 FT. ELSEWHERE WIND E TO SE 10 KT. SEAS 5 FT. SCATTERED TSTMS N OF 27N W OF 75W.
12. PART 1: GALE WARNING(S):
1. ST. HELENA: N/NW 35–40 IN THE SOUTH.
2. TRISTAN: CLOCKWISE 35–40EXCEPT IN THE NORTHEAST
PART 2:
SYNOPTIC SITUATION AT 100600 UTC
HIGH 1032 HPA 56S56W HIGH 1054 HPA 36S21E HIGH 1024 HPA 35S87E
LOW 1004 HPA 34S42W LOW 984 HPA 60S00E LOW 964 HPA 62S25E
LOW 960 HPA 57S32E LOW 960 HPA 61S69E LOW 992 HPA 49S59E
1. COLD FRONT: 31S31E 40S43E 45S49E VORTEX 51S49E
2. COLD FRONT: 40S25W 45S15W WAVES 48S13W CONTINUES 51S03W VORTEX
TRISTAN:
WIND: CLOCKWISE 35–40 BUT N/NW 25–30 IN THE NORTHEAST
VIS: POOR IN FRONTAL RAIN AND SHOWERS IN THE WEST AND SOUTH
SEA: ROUGH TO VERY ROUGH BECOMING HIGH BY END OF PERIOD SWELL: NW 4–6M IN THE WEST AND SOUTH.
CAPE WEST:
WIND: E/SE 15 IN THE NORTHEAST OTHERWISE N/NW 23–30REACHING 35 IN THE FAR SOUTH
VIS: POOR IN SHOWERS IN THE EXTREME SOUTHWEST
SEA: ROUGH BUT VERY ROUGH IN THE EXTREME SOUTHWEST
SWELL: SW 4M IN THE EAST.
DURBAN EAST:
WIND: E/SE10–15
VIS: MODERATE IN ISOLATED SHOWERS IN THE WEST
SWELL:SW4M IN THE SOUTHWEST, EASING OFF SLIGHTLY BY END OF PERIOD.
MOZAMBIQUE CHANNEL:
WIND: S/SE 10–13
VIS: MODERATE IN ISOLATED SHOWERS IN THE NORTH
SWELL: S 3M IN THE EXTREME SOUTH AT FIRST.
MADAGASCAR EAST:
WIND: SE 10–15 REACHING 50–25IN THE NORTH
VIS: MODERATE IN ISOLATED SHOWERS IN THE NORTH
SEA: ROUGH IN THE NORTH.
13. 1000 UTC SEPT 02
NORWEGIAN WEATHER BULLETIN
GALE OR STORM IS NOT EXPECTED IN AREAS COVERED BY THIS BULLETIN.
SYNOPTIC SITUATION AT 06 UTC:
LOW CENTER 1018 HPA POSITION 73 NORTH 20 WEST IS MOVING NORTHEAST AT 15 KNOTS AND INTENSIFYING SLOWLY.
HIGH 1031HPA CENTERED AT 67 NORTH 5 EAST IS MOVING LITTLE AND WEAKENING SLOWLY.
FORECAST VALID FOR THE NEXT 24 HOURS.
A6, B5, B6:
SOUTHWESTERLY 4 INCREASING 5. OCCASIONALLY MODERATE. FROM EARLY WEDNESDAY VARIABLE 5 INCREASING NORTHWESTERLY 6. SNOW BECOMING SCATTERED SHOWERS OF SNOW, OCCASIONALLY MODERATE.
C5, C6, D5, D6:
VARIABLE 4 THIS EVENING INCREASING SOUTHWESTERLY LATER NORTHWESTERLY 5, LATE WEDNESDAY NORTHWESTERLY 6.
MAINLY DRY BECOMING SCATTERED RAIN AND MODERATE.
C7, D7, E6:
northerly 5 slowly decreasing westerly SOON southwesterly 4. scattered showers of rain and moderate. wednesday southwesterly 5, latE in PERIOD becoming northwesterly. mainly DRY BECOMING scattered rain and moderate.
D6, E6:
southwesterly INCREASING 6. MAINLY DRY AND GOOD. MONDAY FORENOON VEERING WESTERLY 6, MONDAY EVENING INCREASING NEAR GALE 7. SCATTERED HAIL. MODERATE TO GOOD.
14. MET SITUATION AT 0300AM.
A SHALLOW AREA OF LOW PRESSURE OVER IRELAND, CENTERED NEAR BELMULLET, WILL DRIFT A LITTLE FURTHER WESTWARD AND THEN REMAIN SLOW MOVING. FORECAST FOR ALL IRISH COASTAL WATERS AND THE IRISH SEA.
DENMARK STRAIT
NORTHEAST 5 TO 7, GALE 8 OF SHORT DURATION IN EAST. OCCASIONAL SLEET OR SNOW. MODERATE OR POOR, OCCASIONALLY GOOD IN NORTHWEST. LIGHT ICING IN NORTH NEAR ICE EDGE, TEMPERATURES FALLING TO MS01 AT TIMES.
GALICIA, ROMEO:
SOUTHWESTERLY 4, OCCASIONALLY 5 NEAR BRITTANY AND NEAR CAPE FINISTERRE. MODERATE. RAIN AT TIMES OR THUNDERY SHOWERS. POOR VIS AT TIMES, FOG PATCHES.
SOUTHEAST OF SOUTH BISCAY:
VARIABLE 3 OR LESS, MAINLY NORTHERLY IN DAYTIME. SMOOTH OR SLIGHT. SHOWERS IN DAYTIME. MODERATE VIS AT NIGHT.
GALICIA:
NORTHERLY 3 OR 4, BUT LOCALLY 4 TO 6 IN WEST OF CAPE. MODERATE, OR ROUGH IN SOUTHWEST. CROSSED SEA. OCCASIONAL DRIZZLE AND MIST PATCHES. POOR VIS AT TIMES.
OUTLOOK FOR A FURTHER 24 HOURS. LIGHT TO MODERATE SOUTHEAST TO SOUTH WINDS PERSISTING. MIST OR HAZE IN PLACES TOGETHER WITH SCATTERED OUTBREAKS OF RAIN OR DRIZZLE.
Vocabulary
| Aa | |
| abate | ослабевать; стихать; уменьшать(ся); утихать |
| affect | воздействовать, влиять, оказывать влияние |
| afternoon | после полудня (от 12 до 18 часов или до захода солнца) |
| anticlockwise | поворачивающийся против часовой стрелки |
| anticyclonic | антициклонический |
| apart ~ from | отдельно кроме; не считая |
| area in entire ~ in rest of ~ remainder of ~ ~ of low pressure ~ of high pressure | район, зона, область, территория по всему району, на всей территории в остальной части района остальная часть района область низкого давления область высокого давления |
| associated | сопровождаемый, соединенный, вызванный, обусловленный |
| axis | ось |
| Bb | |
| back | поворачиваться против часовой стрелки |
| become | становиться, зд. переходить |
| brightning | прояснение |
| build (up) | формировать(ся), образовывать(ся) |
| bulletin weather ~ | бюллетень метеорологический бюллетень |
| Cc | |
| cease | прекращать(ся) |
| Celsius | по шкале Цельсия |
| centre tropical depression ~ | центр, середина центр тропической депрессии |
| centered | с центром, сконцентрированный |
| chiefly | преимущественно |
| clear | прекращаться (о дожде) |
| clearing | прояснение |
| clockwise | поворачивающий по часовой стрелке |
| cloud | облако |
| cloudiness variable ~ | облачность переменная облачность |
| cloudless | безоблачность |
| cloudy partly ~ ~ with chance of rain | значительная облачность умеренная облачность значительная облачность, возможен дождь |
| combined (with) | совместный, в комбинации (с) |
| complex | комплексный, сложный |
| convection ITCZ – related ~ | конвекция конвекция, связанная с зоной межтропической конвергенции |
| cover | покрывать, охватывать |
| cyclone intense ~ tropical ~ | циклон сильный циклон тропический циклон |
| Dd | |
| day | день (от 6 до 18 часов или до захода солнца) |
| decline | уменьшаться, снижаться, падать |
| decrease | ослабевать, стихать; уменьшать(ся) |
| deepen | углубляться |
| depression | циклон, депрессия |
| develop | развиваться, зд. распространяться |
| die out | прекращаться (о дожде) |
| diminish | ослабевать, стихать; уменьшать(ся) |
| dissipate | рассеивать(ся) |
| disturbance | возмущение |
| drift | перемещаться по ветру, дрейфовать |
| drizzle | морось, моросящий дождь |
| dry | малооблачная сухая погода |
| duration of short ~ | продолжительность, длительность непродолжительный |
| Ee | |
| early | в начале дня |
| ease (off) | ослабевать, стихать; уменьшать(ся) |
| edge | медленно продвигаться |
| else | в остальное время |
| elsewhere | в других местах |
| end at ~ | конец, окончание зд. в конце периода прогноза |
| especially | особенно |
| evening late this ~ | вечер (от 8 до 22 часов) сегодня поздно вечером |
| everywhere | повсюду, везде |
| exit | уходить |
| extend | простираться |
| extreme in ~ (N, S, E, W) | крайний на крайнем (С, Ю, В, З) |
| Ff | |
| fair | ясно |
| far in ~ (N, S, E, W) | далеко на крайнем (С, Ю, В, З) |
| field smooth barometric ~ | поле ровное (однородное барометрическое поле) |
| fill | заполнять(ся) |
| first at ~ | сначала зд. в начале периода прогноза |
| flow | поток (воздуха) |
| fog ~ banks ~ patches patchy ~ outside ~ threat/risk of ~ dense ~ thick ~ thin ~ moderate ~ | туман туман зарядами туман зарядами туман зарядами вне тумана угроза тумана очень сильный туман сильный туман слабый туман умеренный туман |
| force (out) | вытеснять |
| forecast ~ or high seas weather ~ | прогноз прогноз для открытого моря прогноз погоды |
| forenoon | до полудня (от 6 до 12 часов) |
| form | формировать(ся) |
| freshen | усиливать(ся) |
| front bad weather ~ cold ~ trailing cold ~ waving ~ | фронт фронт плохой погоды холодный фронт волочащийся холодный фронт зд. извивающийся фронт |
| Gg | |
| generally | преимущественно |
| generate | порождать, вызывать |
| gradient pressure ~ | градиент градиент давления, барический градиент |
| gradually | постепенно, понемногу |
| gust severe ~ violent ~ | порыв ветра сильный порыв ветра сильный порыв ветра |
| Hh | |
| hail | град |
| haze | мгла |
| high (pressure) extensive ~ massive ~ surface ~ | область высокого давления обширная область высокого давления, обширный антициклон крупный антициклон (сплошной, плотный) приповерхностная область высокого давления |
| Ii | |
| icing light ~ moderate ~ severe ~ | обледенение легкое обледенение умеренное обледенение сильное обледенение |
| identity | характеристики |
| imminent | в ближайшие 6 часов |
| impove | прекращаться (о дожде) |
| increase | усиливать(ся) |
| intensify | усиливать(ся) |
| intermittent | порывистый |
| in site | на месте |
| isolated | отдельный, единичный |
| Jj | |
| just ~ (N, S, E, W) of | точно непосредственно к (С, Ю, В, З) от |
| Ll | |
| late | в конце дня |
| later | позднее (через 12 часов) |
| locally | местами |
| located | расположенный |
| low (pressure) barometric ~ deep ~ forecast ~ mean ~ shallow ~ thundery ~ | циклон, область низкого давления барический циклон глубокий циклон прогнозируемый циклон средний циклон барическое болото, безградиентная зона грозовой циклон |
| Mm | |
| mainly | преимущественно |
| merge | соединяться |
| midday | середина дня (12 часов) |
| midevening | середина вечера (20 часов) |
| midmorning | середина утра (8 часов) |
| midnight | середина ночи, полночь (24 часа) |
| mist | дымка |
| misty | туманный, туманно |
| morning | утро (от 6 до 10 часов); иногда от полуночи до полудня |
| move | смещаться, перемещаться |
| Nn | |
| night coming ~ | ночь (от 22 до 6 часов или от захода до восхода солнца) наступающей ночью (этой ночью) |
| noon towards ~ | полдень (12 часов) к полудню |
| Oo | |
| occasional(ly) | временами |
| occur | наблюдаться, происходить |
| otherwise | в других местах |
| outlook ~ following 24 hours extended ~ further ~ | перспектива ориентировочный прогноз на последующие 24 часа расширенная перспектива перспективы |
| overcast | сплошная облачность |
| overnight | всю ночь, в течении ночи |
| Pp | |
| patchy | местами |
| perhaps | возможно |
| period in end of ~ late in ~ through most of ~ | период, промежуток времени в конце периода прогноза в конце периода прогноза на протяжении большей части периода прогноза |
| persist | удерживаться, сохраняться |
| positioned | зд. расположенный |
| precipitation in ~ | осадки во время осадков |
| pressure high ~ low ~ | давление антициклон, область высокого давления циклон, область низкого давления |
| prevail | преобладать |
| produce | вызывать, быть причиной |
| quickly rather ~ | быстро очень быстро |
| quadrant | квадрат |
| Rr | |
| rain frontal ~ heavy ~ intermittent ~ light ~ local ~ prolonged ~ slight ~ temporary ~ thundery ~ | дождь фронтальный дождь проливной дождь дождь с перерывами слабый дождь местный дождь продолжительный дождь слабый дождь кратковременный дождь грозовой дождь |
| rapidly rather ~ | стремительно очень стремительно |
| reach | простираться, достигать |
| region across the ~ | район, область, зона по всему району |
| relative | относительный, сравнительный |
| relatively | сравнительно, относительно |
| remain | оставаться |
| remainder of area ~ | остаток остальная часть района |
| resolve | разделяться, расщепляться |
| result in | приводить к чему-либо |
| ridge transient ~ | барический гребень неустойчивый барический гребень |
| Ss | |
| scattered | местами |
| sea cross/crossed ~ | волна, волнение толчея |
| semicircle | полукруг |
| shift wind ~ | сущ. смещение поворот ветра гл. зд. поворачиваться |
| shower hail ~ heavy ~ sleet ~ snow ~ ~ of snow squally ~ thundery ~ wintry ~ | ливень град; ливень с градом сильный ливень ливневый мокрый снег ливневый снег ливневый снег шквалистый ливень грозовой ливень холодный ливень |
| situation general ~ meteorological ~ synoptic ~ | обстановка, положение общая метеорологическая обстановка метеорологическая обстановка синоптическая обстановка |
| sleet | мокрый снег |
| slightly | немного |
| slowly | медленно |
| somewhat ~ (N, S, E, W) | отчасти немного на (С, Ю, В, З) |
| soon | скоро (через 6, но не позднее, чем через 12) |
| squall thundery ~ | шквал грозовой шквал |
| stall | останавливаться |
| stationary | неподвижный, стационарный |
| steadily | умеренно |
| strengthen | усиливать(ся) |
| stretch | простираться |
| subside | падать; утихать |
| summary weather ~ | сводка сводка погоды |
| sustained | продолжительный, непрерывный |
| swell slight ~ moderate ~ heavy ~ | зыбь слабая зыбь умеренная зыбь сильная зыбь |
| synopsis general ~ | обзор общий обзор |
| system slack low pressure ~ weak frontal ~ | система слабая область низкого барометрического давления слабая фронтовая система |
| Tt | |
| temperature stable ~ | температура устойчивая температура |
| time at ~s by same ~ the first part of ~ for a ~ | время, период зд. временами к тому же времени в первой части периода прогноза в течение некоторого времени, временно |
| throughout | повсюду, везде |
| thunder | гром |
| thundersquall | грозовой шквал |
| thunderstorm isolated ~s moderate ~ widely scattered ~s | гроза отдельные грозы умеренная гроза грозы на большой территории |
| tonight | сегодня вечером (от 18 до 22 часов) |
| trough low level ~ | барическая ложбина ложбина на малых высотах |
| Vv | |
| variable | переменный |
| vicinity in the ~ of | окрестности, близость в окрестностях, поблизости |
| violent | жестокий |
| Ww | |
| wave | волна |
| weak | слабый |
| weaken | слабеть, уменьшать(ся) |
| wind hurricane force ~ near gale force ~ trade ~ tropical storm force ~ | ветер ветер ураганной силы ветер почти штормовой силы пассат жестокий тропический шторм |
| within | в пределах |
| Zz | |
| zone intertropical convergence ~ | зона, пояс, полоса, район зона межтропической конвергенции (ITCZ) |
| Abbreviations | |
| ATLC | Атлантический океан |
| HPA (hPa) | гектопаскаль/(и) |
| ITCZ | зона межтропической конвергенции |
| KT | узел/(ы) |
| max | максимальный |
| MB (mb) | миллибар(ы) |
| Metarea | метеорологический район |
| min | минимальный |
| ms (m/s) | метров в секунду |
| PRES | давление |
| TSTM | гроза |
| vrb | переменный |
ЛИТЕРАТУРА
1. Англо-русский метеорологический словарь. Свыше 25000 терминов / Сост. И. П. Гейбер. – Ленинград: Гидрометеорологическое изд-во, 1969. – 445 с.
2. Сорокин, А. И. Англо-русский словарь по навигации, гидрографии и океанографии / А. И. Сорокин, Г. В. Трибуц. – М.: Военное изд-во, 1984. – 483 с.
3. Иванов, К. А. Чтение прогнозов погоды на английском языке / К. А. Иванов. – М.: Изд-во "Транспорт", 1967. – 45 с.
4. Пенина, И. П. Методические указания к чтению прогнозов погоды на английском языке / И. П. Пенина. – Мурманск: МВИМУ, 1988. – 75 с.
5. Frampton, R. M. Meteorology for seafarers / R. M. Frampton. – 2nd edition. – Glasgow: Brown, Son 2 Ferguson LTD, 2008.
6. Klaijven, van P. C. The International maritime language programme. An English course for students at Maritime Colleges and for on-board training. SMCP included / P.C. van Klaijven. – 2nd edition. – Alk & Heijnen Publishers, Alkmaar, The Netherlands, 2005.
[1] METAREA 2 – meteorological area
* fluid – жидкая или газообразная среда