Научно-технические достижения кардинально изменили жизнь на НАШЕЙ ПЛАНЕТЕ.
Наука и техника тесно связаны между собой.
Многие современные технологии зависят от науки.
Технология обеспечивает науку новыми и точными инструментами.
Мужчины и женщины изобрели инструменты, машины, материалы и технику.
Мы говорим, что живем в век науки и техники.
7. Промышленная технология началась около 200 лет назад.
2. Read the text
The achievement of science and technical revolution and our day-to-day life.
As the years go forward our life becomes faster, a lot of new things appear, our mind develops and it cannot stop. It's like a strong river which never ends to run and it is rapidly spreading all over the earth. Many centuries ago people even couldn't imagine that we will be able to exchange information using telephone, fax, Internet as long as they couldn't think that there are a lot of planets except our earth and that people can fly there. If we think how everything had developed, how many new things had appeared and how had the minds of people become so wide we even won't be able to understand it because nowadays we cannot imagine our life without such inventions like lamps, ovens, central heating and others. During the centuries people have been invented the things to make our life easier. A great invention such as transport plays one of the most important roles in our life. We live in flats, can appear in different point of earth within a day, can say hello to people who live in another point of the world. All those things are a product of technical progress and it doesn't stop to grow and develop. Nowadays we live surrounded by machines and other inventions. And with new inventions we become happier because nearly everything is making by machine not by ourselves. And from day to day appear more and more new things. And we don't think about how the first inventions were created. The only thing we know that we never will return to the life which people lived a lot of centuries ago because there is no way back. Everything is handy. We use at home vacuum cleaners to clean the flat, ovens to cook, lifts to walk down in our houses, lamps to make our flats light…. There are a lot of such things like this, and we even don't think about when and where and who invented it. And it's so simple to us. And it's so dear to us that we cannot even live without it. Our century is a century of developing informational connection. Faxes, TV, Internet, and Telephone became the most popular way of getting and sending information. One of the greatest inventions of the century, in my opinion is computer. It's the coup in the technology. When Charles Babbage (1792-1871), a professor of mathematics at Cambridge University invented the first calculating machine in 1812 he could hardly have imagined the situation we find ourselves today. Computer becomes like a brain of human but the only thing it cannot do is to feel. The other things are easy to it. As everything computers also develop. The possibilities of it are so wide. It can do more than 500000 sums in a fraction of a second. Programming became one of the most useful and popular profession. Nowadays computers can pay wages, reserve seats on planes, control sputniks, compose music. Also everybody knows the words Cd Rom, a means of storing information on a disk to be read by a computer, e-mail, which becomes one of the ways to exchange information, the Internet - a network that is a way to get information, to communicate with people, to find everything you need. More and more people become Internet users because we can do so many things their and also cannot say all of them. You can chat there, find job, pay bills, get music, buy something, find referats, and know the latest news exchange information with other people in each point of earth by e-mail and a lot of other functions. As for me it became a usual thing to be connected to Internet. It attracts me by a wide variety of different kinds of information which is necessary to people. Of course I use a lot of other things of technology at home. And I think that the main point of such inventions as vacuum cleaners, which we use at home, radio, TV set, mixers, refrigerators, one of the most important thing in every flat all these were invented only after the invention of electricity. So I find the question about technical progress very wide and it's impossible to say about all inventions. And in conclusion I want to say that the technical progress won't stop and the machines will substitute everything except one the human.
3. Answer the questions of the test
1. Who discovered the law of gravity when an apple fell on his head?
a) Isaac Newton
a) Michael Faraday
b) Archimedes
2. How many chromosomes are there in a human cell?
a) 4
b) 46
c) 406
3. Who discovered radium and later died from the effects of experiments with X-rays?
a) Marie Curie
b) Albert Einstein
c) James Maxwell
4. What travels at 2,997,924,580 metres per second?
a) sound
b) light
c) Concorde
5. The name of the first cloned sheep was
a) Dolly
b) Molly
c) Billy
6. Who created the periodic table of the elements?
a) Michael Lomonosov
b) Dmitri Medeleyev
c) Konstantin Tsiolkovsky
7. Who made a great diccovery while having a bath?
a) Archimendes
b) Hippocrates
c) Democritus
8. When was the first nuclear-powered icebreaker built?
a) in Germany
b) in the USA
c) in Rassia
9. What is Johann Gutenberg’s famous invention?
a) computer
b) television
c) printing machine
10. Who discovered penicillin?
a) Alexander Fleming
b) Louis Pasteur
c) Dmitri Mendeleyev
11. What substance has the chemical formula H2O?
a) oxygen
b) helium
c) water
12. Where do veins bring blood?
a) to the heart
b) from the heart
c) to and from the heart
13. Who invented the telephone?
a) Bell
b) Baird
c) Babbage
14. What is Alfred Nobel’s famous invention?
a) steam engine
b) telegraph
c) dynamite
1.a); 2.b); 3.a); 4.b); 5.a); 6.b); 7.a); 8.c); 9.c); 10.a); 11.c); 12.a); 13.a); 14.c)
4 Chose the right variant 1) B; 2) A; 3) C.)
Throughout history, there have always been links between technology and industry …1… between science and technology.
…2…, the discoveries of Newtonian universal gravitation and of non-Euclidean geometries exercised no visible influence on the technology of their respective times. …3…, the revolution in physics, started at the end of the last century, has rapidly had consequences in technology and, therefore in industry.
1) A/ the only result; B/ as well as; C/ as a matter of fact; D/ however;
2) A/ Thus; B/ However; C/ In this way; D/ In addition;
3) A/ Unless; B/ On the condition if; C/ In contrast; D/ As a result.