25. Complete the sentences choosing the best variant corresponding to the contents of Text IB.
1) Postgraduate education hasn’t been paid much attention to by... a) the undergraduate sector.
b) policy makers.
c) postgraduate students themselves.
2) The review of the UK postgraduate sector has shown that... a) there is much to be done in his area.
b) it is necessary to promote postgraduate education.
c) the UK needs to reduce the number of foreign students.
3) The UK diverse postgraduate system provides for...
a) high research productivity.
b) involvement of different stakeholders.
c) a wide range of research disciplines.
4) The skills of researchers are highly valued by...
a) global businesses.
b) employers in knowledge-intensive industries.
c) business and the public sector.
5) A strong postgraduate sector is characterized by...
a) social and cultural benefits.
b) innovation.
c) new approaches to tackling difficult challenges.
6) Postgraduates...
a) earn less than those having an undergraduate degree.
b) have enough skills to be employed.
c) can hardly enter managerial occupations.
Section 5. SPEAKING
26. Boris Klimov tells us about his educational background. Complete the text with the words or phrases from the box.
| a) undertook | g) perform | m) assessments |
| b) defended | h) undergraduate | n)earned |
| c) degree | i) research | o) proceed |
| d) finished | j) was admitted | p) Bachelor’s degree |
| e) supervisor | k) Master’s degree | q) carried out |
| f) graduated from | 1) scholarship | r) PhD course |
My educational background
My educational background has an over-all underlying tone of consistency. 1 am pleased with my past education, and feel that I have become a well-rounded individual in many various aspects of my life. In this educational autobiography, I will cover my education from beginning to present which will include how I came to the decision to begin doing a Doctoral (1).
I started schooling when I was seven years old. I attended a small school in a town in Belgorod region. My elder brothers attended the
same school and most everyone from my big family went there. 1 attended this school until the fifth form after which my family moved to Belgorod. I started to attend a lycee. Coming from a small school, it was a dramatic change in my life. The work was harder, and the lycee atmosphere carried the sense of learning and excellence. As a school student, I always excelled in mathematics and physics. Those were the subjects I was good at, and unlike my classmates, I really enjoyed them. So towards the end of the final year at the lycee, 1 decided that being in engineering was for me. It wasn’t a hard decision to make, and my parents supported me. I (2)________________________________ lycee with honours.
At 17,1 (3) to the Technological University on a (4) __ and took a (5). I decided to major in Environmental Engineering. That (6)__________ programme lasted
four years. At the University I had the opportunity to study a lot of key subjects ranging from water treatment to waste management and resource sustainability. In addition to the theoretical side of things and practical experience within the university labs, I (7) a field course in my second year which allowed me to put many of the theoretical modules I had studied in the first two years of my degree into practice. In 2010, I (8)_____________________ University and (9)
a Bachelor’s degree in Environmental Engineering.
To deepen my knowledge of the subject I was interested in I decided to (10) to a (11) programme which took two years to complete. It was a logical progression to my studies. My (12) was coordinated by the academic (13)
within the department. During the first two terms of the Master’s degree course, I took some courses in the area of my specialisation. I developed an interest in waste management and so had the opportunity to (14)a compositional analysis of printed circuit boards, which then allowed me to design a recycling facility to recover metals from the boards and separate out the plastic. In the third term I (15) a project which included designing a car battery recycling facility. This involved site investigation and impact (16). Then I started writing my
Master’s thesis titled "Waste Management in Environmental Engineering”, which I (17) successfully in 2012. It was my own original research with the subsequent conclusions.
The experience gained across the Master’s degree process encouraged me to take a (18) — there is something very magical about the moment you look at your results and realise you know something no one else in the world knows.
27. Using the information given in the above text, fill in the missing answers of the dialogue. Then practise it.
A.: Could you introduce yourself, please?
B.:_________________________________.
A.: Are you pleased with your past education?
B.:.
A.: When and where did you start schooling?
B.:.
A.: What school subjects were you good at?
B.:.
A.: Why did you decide that engineering was for you?
B.:.
A.: What university were you admitted to?
B.:_________________________________.
A.: What undergraduate programme did you take?
B.:.
A.: What did you study at university?
B.:.
A.: When did you graduate from university?
B.:.
A.: What degree did you earn?
B.:.
A.: Why did you decide to take a Master’s degree course?
B.:.
A.: How long did it take you to complete it?
B.:.
A.: What was the area of your specialisation?
B.:.
A.: How did taking a Master’s degree programme compare to taking a Bachelor’s degree one?
B.:_________________________________.
A.: What project did you carry out?
B.:.
A.: What was your Master’s thesis titled?
B.:.
A.: When did you defend it?
B.:.
A.: What encouraged you to proceed to a PhD degree course?
B.:.
28. Speak on your own educational background. Use the above text and dialogue as a model.
29. A CV (curriculum vitae |ko'rikpbm fvi:tai|) or a resume (|'rezjumei|; AmE) is a summary of your personal details, educational qualifications, and work experience. It is usually sent when applying for a study programme or a job. Practise the following dialogue.
A personnel officer gives advice on writing CVs
A.: Mrs Wright, tell me about CVs, please. What are the key things to include?
Ik: Well, you should start with brief personal details, of course. You know, name, age, and so on. Marital status is OK too, but no names of children or pets.
A.: And next comes education, I suppose?
W.'. Yeah. You ought to list the schools and institutions you’ve attended in chronological order. Make sure that the dates make sense. Don’t forget details of the qualifications you obtained. Remember to put down your grades too.
A.'. I see. And would you advise people to include copies of their qualifications, and so on?
W. \ No, they don’t need to do that, not at this stage.
A.'. Right. Now for the part of the CV which deals with work experience. Should we go through this in chronological order or start with the most recent, or current job first?
W. -. I would definitely say begin with the present or most recent job first. Then work backwards. Give a brief description of each job and try to list one or two achievements.
A. \ That’s hard if you’re still a student, isn’t it?
Ik: True, but you can still mention things like “I was secretary of the Anglo-German society” or give details of any part-time or holiday jobs.
A.-. Oh, and one last question. What about a photograph?
W.: Well, it can go on an application form or with a covering letter, but there’s no reason why you can’t put it on your CV. If I were a job seeker, I’d invest in a studio photograph — one that made me look as good as possible, rather than one from a machine. And of course, never send a picture of you on the beach or at a party - people have sent me some amazing things!
30. These are the headings commonly used in a CV (a resume). Using the above dialogue as a guide and the information given below, make up a dialogue of your own to discuss some problems involved in writing a CV.
31. Personal Details', up-to-date contact details and personal details to be given.
32. Personal Profile', summarising experience, skills and career objectives.
33. Achievements', quantifiable evidence of where candidates have excelled in roles.
34. Professional Experience', profiling useful examples and evidence of suitability.
35. Education', evidence of structured learning and future development potential.
36. Skills and Qualities', telling recruiters exactly what candidates are good (best) at.
37. Activities and Interests', they do not really add that much value to aCV.
Section 6. LISTENING
31. Listen to the text “Postgraduate Levels in Russia”. Answer the questions that follow.
1. What is the postgraduate diploma structure characterised by?
2. What must doctoral dissertations be backed up by?
3. What is the procedure of the defence of a dissertation?
4. How are postgraduate degrees approved?
5. What should a doctoral dissertation contain?
32. As you listen, make notes under the following headings.
1. A Candidate of Sciences degree {kandidat nauk).
2. A Doctor of Sciences degree (doktor nauk).
3. Academic titles of dotsent and professor.