X. Compare different operating systems.
XI. Write a sentence explaining why Windows is so popular.
XII. Look at the Internet and find two operating systems designed for hand-held devices such as PDAs, palmtops and Blackberries.
Unit 7.
I. Learn the following words and expressions:
cell – ячейка, клетка
extension - расширение
footnote – сноска, примечание
formula - формула
graphicpackage – графический пакет
margin – край, граница, поле
onlinedictionary – онлайнсловарь
option – опция, функция
piechart – круговая диаграмма
software – программноеобеспечение
softwarepackage – программныйпакет
spellingchecker – программапроверкиорфографии
spreadsheet – электроннаятаблица
tocenter (headings) - центрировать
tocreate - создавать
to delete–удалять
to edit - редактировать
to insert - вставлять
to justify - выравнивать
tonumber - нумеровать
to remove - передвигать
to underline - подчеркивать
tool - инструмент
wordpackage – текстовыйпакет
II. Study the following text:
Application software
Productivity tools are software packages that can increase user productivity. Common examples of productivity tools are word processors, graphic packages, spreadsheets, and file managers. These tools can be used for a wide variety of tasks. Software packages that allow the user to manipulate documents consisting of text, such as reports and tables, are referred to as word processors. They are very helpful when creating and editing reports, tables, and so on. No longer are typing mistakes and organizational problems a major difficulty. Portions of the text can be easily deleted, inserted, or removed. Other features often include in word processors are the ability to justify the left and right margins and centre headings. Footnotes can be inserted at the bottom of pages and pages can be numbered automatically. Most word processors allow the user to specify options such as italic, underlining, or boldface type. Often word processors include extensions such as spelling checkers, which compare each word in a specified document with the contents of an online dictionary.
Graphic packages allow the user to create bar graphs, line graphs, pie charts, and so forth. Normally, the user need only specify the type of graph desired and the size of each field within the graph. When using colour monitors, the user can determine the colours of various parts the graph. An electronic spreadsheet is simply computerized version of a traditional spreadsheet. An electronic spreadsheet consists of a table with rows and columns used to store and manipulate any kind of numerical data. The point in a spreadsheet where a particular row and column meet is called a cell. Each cell is a unique location within the spreadsheet. Cells can contain tables, values, and formulas. File managers are designed to duplicate the traditional manual methods of filing. Computers and computerized files can be updated easily also can be accessed by more than one person at a time.
III. Translate into Russian:
A wide variety of tasks; to manipulate documents consisting of text; no longer are typing mistakes and organizational problems a major difficulty; most word processors allow the user to specify options such as; which compare each word in a specified document with the contents of an online dictionary; normally, the user need only specify the type of graph desired; when using colour monitors; to store and manipulate any kind of numerical data; the traditional manual methods of filing; computerized version; can be accessed by more than one person at a time.
IV. Put questions of 4 types (general, special, alternative, disjunctive) to the following sentences:
1. These tools can be used for a wide variety of tasks.
2. Portions of the text can be easily deleted, inserted, or removed.
3. Footnotes can be inserted at the bottom of pages. Computerized files can be
4. Pages can be numbered automatically.
5. These computerized files can be updated easily.
6. These computerized files can also be accessed by more than one person at a time.
V. Find in the text the English equivalents for the following word combinations:
Повышать производительность работы пользователя; наиболее распространенные примеры; они очень удобны при; выравнивать левую и правую границы; страницы могут быть пронумерованы автоматически; размер каждого поля графика; пользователь может определять цвета различных частей графика; таблицы с рядами и строками.
VI. Define the terms in English:
Word processor, left margin, to number pages, spelling checker.
VII. Agree or disagree with the statements:
1. Productivity tools are hardware packages that can decrease user productivity.
2. Footnotes can be inserted in the middle or at the top of the page.
3. You have to number pages by hand in word processors.
4. As a rule, the user need only specify the type of graph desired, which may be either bar graph or pie chart, and the size of each field within the graph.
5. The point in a spreadsheet where a particular row and column meet is called a box.
6. File managers are designed to substitute the traditional manual methods of filing.
VIII. Answer the following questions:
1. What are productivity tools? What are common examples of these tools?
2. Where and how can you apply these productivity tools?
3. What are word processors? What options do they allow to specify? 4. What graphs can you create using graphic packages?
5. What is an electronic spreadsheet? What does it consist of?
6. What tools make possible to store records, to file and update information?