Action process doer
Describe, description, develop, development, improve, improvement, invent, invention, inventor, predict, prediction, produce, producer, production, research, researcher, transmit, transmission.
Task 3. Guess the meaning of the following disciplines:
Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Zoology, Human Biology, Botany, Electric Engineering, Technical Mechanics, Archaeology, Business Administration, Geography, Geodesy, History, Economics, Logic, Mathematics, Statistics.
Task 4. Read and translate the text about science.
Text: Science.
Science is important to most people living in the modern world for a number of reasons. It is important for world peace and understanding, for understanding of technology, and for our understanding of the world.
Science is important for world peace in many ways. On the one hand, scientists have helped to develop many of the modern tools of war. On the other hand, they have also helped to keep the peace through research, which has improved life for people. Scientists have helped us understand the problem of supplying the world with enough energy; using energy of the sun and of the atom. Scientists have also analyzed the world's resources. Scientists study the Universe and how to use its possibilities for the benefit of men.
Scientists are also important for everyone who is affected by modern technology. Many of the things that make our lives easier and better are results of advances in technology. In some cases, such as technology of producing salt from ocean water, technology may be essential for our lives on Earth.
….Scientists are learning to predict earthquakes, to study many other natural events such as storms. Scientists are also studying various aspects of human biology and the origin and development of the human race. The study of the world may help improve life for many people all over the world.
Basic knowledge of science is essential for everyone. It helps people to find their way in the changing world.
https://www.native-english.ru/topics/cat-12
Task 5. Are these statements true or false?
1. Science is important to most people. 2. It is not important for understanding of technology. 3. Scientists have helped to develop many of the modern tools of war. 4. Scientists have helped to keep the peace through restrictions. 5. Scientists helped to use the energy of the sun and of the atom. 6. Scientists never study the Universe. 7. There is a technology of producing salt from ocean water. 8. All people study natural events. 9. Only scientists study biology. 10. Basic knowledge of science helps people to find their way in the changing world.
Task 6. Fill in: tools, human, benefit, modern, producing, natural, be essential, modern, predict, various, improve, world's, basic.
….. world, ….. of war, ….. resources, …. of men, ….. technology, ….. salt, ….. for life, ….. earthquakes, ….. events, ….. aspects, ….. race, ….. life, ….. knowledge.
Task 7. Make questions for sentences in task 5.
Model: 1. Science is important to most people. — Is science important to most people?
Task 8. Match the inventions to their stories. Translate the stories.
Great Inventions
| Television (1920s) | A | The computer has been another life-transforming invention. British mathematician Charles Babbage designed a form of computer in the mid-1830s, but it was not until more than a century later that theory was put into practice. Now, a whole generation has grown up with calculators, windows, icons, computer games and word processors, and the Internet and e-mail have transformed communication and information. | |
| Motor Car (late 19th Century) | B | The invention that swept (перевернуло) the world and changed leisure habits for countless millions was pioneered by Scottish-born electrical engineer John Logie Baird. It had been realised for some time that light could be converted into electrical impulses, making it possible to transmit such impulses over a distance and then reconvert them into light. | |
| Electricity | C | The car is probably the most widely used and most useful of all leisure-inspired inventions. German engineer Karl Benz produced the first petrol driven car in 1885 and the British motor industry started in 1896. Henry Ford was the first to use assembly line production for his Model Т car in 1908. Like them or hate them, cars have given people great freedom of travel. | |
| Photography (early 19th Century) | D | The name came from the Greek word for amber and was coined by Elizabeth I's physician William Gilbert who was among those who noticed that amber had the power to attract light objects after being rubbed. In the 19th century such great names as Michael Faraday, Humphry Davy, Alessandro Volta and Andre Marie Ampere all worked on electricity. | |
| Telephone (1876) | E | The plane was the invention that helped shrink (уменьшить) the world and brought distant lands within easy reach of ordinary people. The invention of the petrol engine made flight feasible and the American Wright brothers made the first flight in 1903. | |
| Computer (20th Century) | F | Edinburgh-born scientist Alexander Graham Bell patented his invention of the telephone in 1876. The following year, the great American inventor Thomas Edison produced the first working telephone. With telephones soon becoming rapidly available, the days of letter-writing became numbered. | |
| Aeroplane | G | Leonardo da Vinci had described the camera obscura photographic principle as early as 1515. But it was not until 1835 that Frenchman Louis Daguerre produced camera photography. The system was gradually refined (улучшена) over the years. |