Задание по Иностранному языку для группы С24 на 29.05.2020 г. (2 часа)
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Тема: Обобщающий урок по всему курсу.
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A few tips and rules for basic table manners...
Napkins should be placed on the lap as soon as you are seated. When you get down from the table, leave the napkin, unfolded on the table, to the left of the place setting.
Sit a comfortable distance away from the table, so that with the elbows bent the hands are level with the knives and forks.
Sit up straight, sit square with hands in the lap and do not fidget. Do not put elbows on the table.
If you are served a meal that is already on the plate, wait until everyone has been served before picking up your cutlery, unless invited by your host to start.
Make sure others have been offered anything they might want from the table, such as butter, water, salt or pepper. Help yourself last and never stretch across people.
Do not begin eating until everyone has been served, unless the host or hostess gives their permission for diners to start.
Eat at a relaxed pace and pace yourself to match your fellow diners.
Keep your mouth closed and try to avoid making noises of any kind while eating, either with implements against the plate or teeth, or with actual ingestion of the food, e.g. slurping soup.
Talking while there is food in your mouth should be avoided at all costs - even when you have a conversational gem up your sleeve.
When you have finished, place your knife and fork - with the tines facing upwards - together on your plate.
If you are confronted with a plateful that is not to your taste, try to soldier on to avoid hurt feelings. Always compliment the cook.
How to Eat
Ensure that you can approach every dining situation with confidence. Read our advice on how to handle the trickest of foods, from vegetables and fruit to fish and canapés.
How to Eat Fruit
Bananas
If you're eating a banana at the dinner table, peel it fully, and use a fork to cut off bite-sized pieces. In all other situations, revert to primate manners - hold, peel and bite.
Grapes
Do not pick individual grapes off a bunch. Use your fingers, or grape scissors, to remove a small bunch.
Lemons
A wedge of lemon usually accompanies a fish or seafood dish. You can either squeeze the lemon with your fingers, or against the tines of a fork, which channels the juice. It is polite to cup your hand around the lemon while squeezing so you don't spray those around you, and squeeze the lemon low over your plate, not up high. If you are serving segments of lemon make sure you remove all visible pips. Lemons to be used in tea and drinks should be pre-cut into small rounds and possibly then in half again and served on a side plate.
Kumquats
Usually consumed raw, but occasionally cooked, kumquats are eaten whole including the skin. The top end may be cut off first.
Apples
At the dinner table, apples should be cut into quarters and the core removed from each piece. You can then use your fingers to eat the quarters. Elsewhere, just hold and crunch.
How to Eat Fish and Seafood
Lobster
A whole lobster in its shell will typically arrive at your table already cut into two halves, allowing easy access to the flesh for your knife and fork. It is also fine to use just your fork while holding the shell steady with your hand.
The big claws usually come cracked but if not you will need to use special lobster crackers. Once you've cracked the claws pull out the meat with a fork. If you want to get meat out of the smaller attachments use a lobster pick. If you are daunted by the extrication process, opt for lobster thermidor; the white meat is extracted, cooked and then served in the shell.
Mussels
Use an empty mussel shell as a pincer to extract the other mussels from their shells. Using a fork is also perfectly acceptable. The sauce around the mussels can be mopped up with pieces of bread or with a spoon. Put all empty shells on the spare plate provided and use the fingerbowl as required. Dip your fingers into a fingerbowls one hand at a time, rub gently to remove any stickiness and then dry them on your napkin.
Eating a whole Fish
Work down one side of the spine at a time, from head-end to tail-end. Ease mouthful-sized pieces from the fish. Never flip the fish over to reach the flesh on the underside - lift the entire bone up and gently ease the flesh out from beneath. Small bones should be removed from the mouth with fingers and placed on the side of the plate. When in doubt, order a fillet. In some better restaurants the waiter will fillet the fish for you at the table.
Prawns
If your prawn arrives intact, begin by the removing head and tail; do this by giving each end a sharp tug. Peel off the shell, starting from the underside where the legs meet the body. If your prawn is uncooperative, discreetly bend it against its natural curve to loosen the shell.
Finally, remove the black thread from along the back before devouring the flesh. To eat a prawn served headless but with its tail attached, use the latter as a handle and discard after eating the flesh. Dip your fingers into a fingerbowls one hand at a time, rub gently to remove any stickiness and then dry them on your napkin.
How to Eat Canapes
Canapés require a tactical approach as there are a many things to consider - namely size, quantity, timing and method.
Always try and eat a canapé in one mouthful, without overfilling your mouth or having to extensively chew mid-conversation. If a delicacy looks challenging or messy, politely decline and wait for something more manageable to come round.
If the canapés on offer are pre-dinner amuses bouches, take care not to fill yourself up. At a drinks and canapés party, make sure you have plenty
to line your stomach, but remember that it is very poor form
to take two.
Watch your timing. Only tuck in when you aren't about to be introduced to someone, or are mid-conversation and you're going to have to speak.
Canapés are often served with complicated sticks, spoons or sauces. Check for discreetly placed dishes to dispose of apparatus or, if there are none to hand, hang onto it until you can quietly pop it on an empty tray or dispose of it elsewhere.
Never put something you've eaten off back on a tray that is still circulating. Equally, never double dip your canapé back into the sauce once you've taken a bite.
How to Eat Sushi
The preparation and consumption of sushi is highly ritualistic. Understanding the finer points of this may be unattainable for Westerners, but some basic principles should be observed.
Pour soy sauce into your saucer and mix in some wasabi. It is polite to pour your dining companions' sauce too. Dip sashimi (sliced raw fish on its own) into the sauce with your chopsticks and eat.
Sushi rolls and nigiri (blocks of rice with fish on top) should be eaten whole; attempting to bite in two can lead to a scattering of debris across the table.
It is not obligatory to use chopsticks when eating sushi, but it is always best to use them in formal company. When dinner is trundling past on a conveyor belt, ensure that you only take what you plan to eat.
How to Eat Pizza and Spaghetti
Spaghetti
This classic pasta should be eaten with a fork only. Twist a small bundle of spaghetti around your fork by twirling it clockwise against the side of the dish. Never cut the threads of pasta with the side of the fork. Never make slurping noises as you suck long strands of pasta into your mouth. Don't worry too much about the odd stray strand hanging from your mouth; short ones can be deftly drawn into your mouth and longer strands bitten off.
PIzza
Pizza can be eaten with your fingers or a knife and fork, depending on the formality of the situation. When eating with your fingers, hold the slice by the crust and bend the slice lengthways. Take bites from the pointy end and beware unsightly strings of melted cheese. Using a knife and fork is a better idea if you're in a restaurant.