Ф КГМУ 4/3-08/02
ПП КГМУ 4/02
Карагандинский государственный медицинский университет
Кафедра иностранных языков
Методические указания для самостоятельной работы
Студентов
Тема: Желудочные и дуоденальные язвы.
Практика употребления инфинитивных конструкций в устной и письменной речи.
Дисциплина Иностранный язык
Специальность 5В130100- Общая медицина
Курс: II
Составитель: Сарыбаева А.О.
Караганда 2014
Обсуждены и утверждены
на заседании кафедры иностранных языков
Протокол № 9 от 30.04. 2014г.
зав. кафедрой _______ Бурмистрова В.А.
Тема
Кардиохирургия.
Практика употребления инфинитивных конструкций в устной и письменной речи.
Цель
Овладение лексико-грамматическим материалом темы.
Задания:
- чтение, перевод текста
- составление вопросов и плана к тексту
- пересказ текста
- выполнение грамматических упражнений
- написание реферата по теме
Форма выполнения:
Индивидуальное задание: составление таблиц, кроссвордов, тестовых заданий, вопросов к тексту, True-false заданий, подготовка презентаций.
Требования к выполнению задания:
- знать грамматические нормы по теме
- знать лексический минимум по теме
- уметь употреблять лексический и грамматический материал при подготовке презентации темы
Сроки сдачи:
По графику сдачи СРС
Критерии оценки:
- Полнота содержания проекта.
- Раскрытие темы.
- Использование современных источников литературы.
- Оформление проекта.
- Иллюстрационный материал.
- Четкость представления материала.
Литература
- Волмянская О.А. Профессиональный английский язык для студентов-медиков, Мн.: выш. Шк., 1984г.-180с.
- Маслова А.М. Учебник английского языка для медицинских вузов. 2-е изд. Испр. Доп. М.: Высш.шк., 1983г.-352с.
- Экерсли К.Э. Учебник английского языка.-Харьков,1992г.-250с.
- Бушина Л.М. и др. Учебник немецкого языка медвузов. 1984
- Бондарь С.Н. и др. Учебник немецкого языка для медвузов. 1977
- Бондарь С.Н. и др. Пособие по немецкому языку для медвузов. 1977 на английском языке
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Контроль: (вопросы, презентация)
Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers
The Soviet scientists N.Burdenko, L.Koreisha, A.Speransky and B.Mogilnitsky proved the existence of an association between a lesion of the central and peripheral nervous systems and the development of ulcer.
The neurogenous theory of the pathologenesis of ulcer was developed further into the corticovisceral theory by K.Bykov and I.Kurtsin. According to this theory gastric and duodenal ulcers were found to result from disturbances in the central nervous system, i.e. the brain cortex.
The brain cortex under the influence of external and internal stimuli sends impulses to the stomach and the duodenum, which cause a spastic contraction of vessels. Such a spastic contraction results in local trophic disturbances followed by erosion of the affected area by the gastric juice.
In the majority of cases ulcer is observed to develop in particularly nervous persons, often after emotional overstrain. But an irregular diet in combination with an emotional overstrain is often observed to contribute to the onset of ulcer development.
Gastric and duodenal ulcers are found to develop more frequently in men than in women, mainly at ages of 25 to 40 years. This disease is characterized by pains, haemorrhages, nausea, vomiting, etc. At the onset of the disease pain is usually dull in character. In gastric ulcers pain is found to grow worse after meals. Acute pain in the stomach is known to be characteristic of perforated ulcers. Pain due to ulcer is well known to occur periodically and be intermittent in occurrence.
The course of ulcer has proved to vary with age and sex, location of ulcers, etc. At a young age its course has no characteristic clinical manifestations. In old persons the incidence of ulcers is known to be rare. But they are often complicated by considerable haemorrhage resulting from sclerotic changes in the stomach.
Ulcers are known to have a chronic, cyclic course, with remissions from 6 to 12 months. Exacerbation of ulcers, particularly that of duodenal ulcers, has been found to occur in spring and autumn.
Task I. Read and remember the new words:
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lesion – повреждение, поражение, рана
ulcer – язва
disturbance – нарушение, расстройство, повреждение
brain cortex – кора головного мозга
develop – развиваться, обнаруживать(ся), появляться
overstrain – перенапряжение
contribute – способствовать, содействовать
onset – начало, приступ
haemorrhage – кровотечение
vomiting – рвота
dull – тупой
acute – острый, тяжелый (симптом)
occur – происходить, случаться, наступать
intermittent – прерывистый, перемежающийся
sclerotic – склеротический, плотный
exacerbation - обострение
erosion – эрозия, разъедание
Task II. Find the sentences with these words in the text:
lesion, pathogenesis of ulcer, result from, sends impulses, erosion, overstrain, haemorrhages.
Read and translate them.
Task III. Read and translate the text.
Task IV. Find the synonyms to the following words:
1. exacerbation
2. case
3. haemorrhage
4. adult
5. secretion
6. prolong
7. acute
8. attack
9. reccurence
10. prescribe
11. order
12. occur
13. onset
14. sharp
15. continue
16. severity
17. bleeding
18. incidence
19. discharge
20. elder
Task V. Find the antonyms to the following words:
1. rare
2. dull
3. remission
4. sharp
5. send
6. healthy
7. occurrence
8. result in
9. hot
10. exertion
11. result from
12. disappear
13. ill
14. mild
15. often
16. severe
17. severity of disease
18. receive
19. cold
20. rest
Task VI. Insert the missing words from the text:
1. The.... theory of the..... was developed further into the..... theory by K.Bykov and I.Kurtsin.
2. According to this theory gastric and duodenal ulcers were found.... in the central...., i.e. the brain cortex.
3. The brain cortex under the.... of external and internal.... sends.... to the... and the duodenum, which cause a spastic.... of vessels.
4. In the majority of cases ulcer.... in particularly.... persons, often after emotional.....
5. But an.... diet in combination with an emotional overstrain is often observed.... to the.... of.... development.
6. This disease is characterized by....,...,....,..., etc
7. The course of ulcer.... with age and sex,..., etc.
Task VII. Grammar exercise. Translate the sentences paying attention to the Complex Subject
1. Mendeleev is known to have been the greatest scientist of his time.
2. The delegation is expected to arrive next Monday.
3. They are likely to return next week.
4. He is unlikely (or: He is not likely) to take part in this work.
5. He seems to be a very kind man.
6. She appears to have forgotten her promise.
7. He is said to have written a very good novel.
8. He appears to have lost our address.
9. This agreement is likely to be concluded in the near future.
10. I happened to be in the office when he came.