WEEK 3
Text.Small talk
Grammar: Noun
Text
Small talk
Pete, Nick and David are still at the restaurant. They are enjoying their meal and have a small talk.
Pete: David, is this your first visit to Moscow?
David: Oh, no. 1 was in Moscow last year. I like your city very much. It's a pity my sister is not with me now. She wanted to go so much.
Nick: And why didn't she join you? Is she busy?
David: Well, you see, she could not leave her office, her boss did not let her go. They are working at a very important project now. And have you got a sister or a brother, Nick?
Nick: Oh, yes. I have a brother. He is on holiday in the mountains.
Pete: Oh, really? My elder daughter is also in the mountains in Chechia now. She is fond of skiing and goes to the mountains every winter.
David: Have you got a big family?
Pete: I wouldn't say so. There are five of us. Two daughters, a son, my wife and I.
David: Quite an English family!
Words and expressions
| talk | разговор |
| small talk | светский разговор |
| to have a small talk | говорить на светские темы вести светские беседы |
| to enjoy | получать удовольствие |
| their | их |
| They are enjoying their meal. | Они с удовольствием поужинали. |
| 1 like it very much. | Он (город) мне очень нравится. |
| It's a pity. | Жаль. |
| to be busy | быть занятым, иметь много дел |
| Well, you see,... | Ну, видите ли... |
| to ski | кататься на лыжах |
| skis | лыжи |
| every | каждый |
| big | большой |
| family | семья |
| I would not say so. | Я бы этого не сказал. |
| There are five of us. | Нас пятеро. |
| wife | жена |
| Quite an English family! | Настоящая английская семья! |
Exercises
1. Read the following:
| small, talk | at the restaurant |
| all, all right | in the mountains |
| for all of us | to the mountains |
| It this your first visit to Moscow? | She could not leave her office. |
| Is she busy? | Have you got a sister or a brother? |
| She goes to the mountains every winter. | My daughter is also in the mountains. |
| There are five of us. | |
2. Translate into Russian:
The businessmen are still at the restaurant.
They are enjoying their meal and have a small talk.
They speak about Moscow and about their families.
David has got a sister.
Nick has got a brother.
Pete has got a son and a wife.
There are five people in Pete's family.
David says it's a typical English family.
There are usually five people in an English family.
3. Make sentences and translate them into Russian:
| • They are enjoying | their meal their small talk their meal |
| • It this your first visit to | Moscow | |
| London | ||
| New York | ||
| Liverpool | ||
| New Zealand | ||
| Australia | ||
| • I was in | Moscow | last year |
| Russia | ||
| London | ||
| Sydney | ||
| Washington | ||
| • I like | Moscow | |
| your city | ||
| Russia | ||
| Russian winter | ||
| English summer | ||
| • I have got | a sister | |
| a brother | ||
| a wife | ||
| a family |
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| • It's a pity | he | is | not with me now |
| she | |||
| they | are |
4. Complete the dialogue and act out a similar one:
P.: David, is this your first...?
D.: Oh no,... last year. I like... It's a pity my sister... She wanted... so much.
Write down everything that Pete said about his sister.
6. Complete the dialogues and act out similar ones:
D.: Have you got a sister...?
N.: Oh, yes. I have... He is on... mountains.
D.: Oh, really? My elder daughter is also... Chechia now. She... skiing and goes...
D.: Have you got...?
P.: I wouldn't... There are... Two daughters...
D.: Quite... family!
7. Answer the following questions using the prompts (prompts — подсказки):
Have you got a sister or a brother? (Yes, t have...)
Have you got a big family? (1 wouldn 't say so. There are...)
Притяжательный падеж (The Possessive Case)
Существительное в притяжательном падеже служит определением к другому существительному и отвечает на вопрос whose? чей, обозначая принадлежность предмета. В форме притяжательного падежа употребляются существительные одушевлённые:
1. Притяжательный падеж существительных в единственном числе, образуется путём прибавления к существительному окончания -′ s ( т.е. знака апострофа и буквы s). Это окончание произносится как [ z], [ s ] или [ iz ] согласно тем же правилам, которым подчиняется произношение окончания
– s множественного числа имён существительных:
the child’ s [ð ә′tòaild z ] mother матьребёнка
Kate’ s [ keit s] book книгаКати
the horse’ s [ ð ә′h:si z ] leg ногалошади
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2. Притяжательный падеж существительных во множественном числе обозначается одним только знаком апострофа: theboy’sbooks книги мальчиков, theworker’stools инструменты рабочих.
Если существительное во множественном числе не имеет окончания – s, то притяжательный падеж образуется, как и в единственном числе, путём прибавления окончания - ′ s: thechildren’stoys игрушки детей.
3. Существительное в притяжательном падеже стоит перед существительным, определением которого оно является. Оно соответствует в русском языке существительному в родительном падеже или притяжательному прилагательному:
the student’s dictionary словарь студента
the children’s mother мать детей
Kate’s friends Катины друзья
4. Существительное, перед которым стоит существительное в притяжательном падеже, употребляется без артикля, поскольку существительное в притяжательном падеже само является определителем и поэтому исключает возможность употребления артикля. В приведённых выше примерах thestudent’sdictionary и thechildren’smother артикль относится к существительному в притяжательном падеже, а не к существительному, стоящему после него. В примере Kate’sfriends артикль отсутствует, так как Kate является существительным собственным, перед которым артикль не употребляется.
5. Когда существительное, определяемое существительным в притяжательном падеже, имеет при себе другие определения, то существительное в притяжательном падеже стоит перед ними:
the student’s new dictionary новыйсловарьстудента
Kate’s bestfriends лучшие Катины друзья
Примечание. Наряду с существительным в притяжательном падеже для выражения принадлежности употребляется существительное с предлогом of, также соответствующее в русском языке родительному падежу. Однако одушевлённые существительные употребляются, как правило, в форме притяжательного падежа:
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my friend’s father = the father of my friend отецмоегодруга
the teacher’s question = the question of the teacher вопроспреподавателя
Exercise 1.Put the nouns in the Possessive Case:
1) The voice of my brother.
2) The plays of Bernard Show.
3) The watch of my father.
4) The looks of the boys.
5) The end of the book.
6) The parents of Peter.
7) The birthday of my daughter.
8) The signature of Mr. A.
9) The new club of the workers.
10) The boats of the fishermen.
11) The letter of my brother.
12) The wall of the garden.
13) The centre of the town.
14) The novels of Tolstoy.
15) The secretary of Mr. D.
16) The hats of the women.
17) The beginning of the meeting.
18) The teacher of my children.
19) The legs of the table.
20) The car of Peter.
21) The opinion of the director.
Exercise 2.Replace the of- phrases by the noun in the Possessive Case:
1.The wife of Doctor Sanford. 2.The elder sister of Helen. 3.The friend of my brother-in-law. 4.The best suit of my husband. 5.The novels of Dickens. 6.The hat of my sister-in-law. 7.The answers of the students. 8.The tools of the workers. 9.The dress of the girl. 10.The dresses of the girls.
Exercise 3.Replace the of- phrases by the noun in the Possessive Case:
1.The face of the woman is attractive. 2.The faces of these women are attractive. 3.The coat of my father-in-law is grey. 4.The coats of the passers-by are wet. 5.The voice of the man is too loud. 6.The voices of the men sound harsh. 7.The toys of the child are on the floor. 8.The toys of the children are on the floor.
Exercise 4. Change the following nouns with the preposition “of” with the nouns in the possessive case. Model: The name of his friend … - His friend’s name …
1. The studio of the painter is large. 2. The house of my uncle is old. 3. The car of his friend is new. 4. The easel of the painter is high. 5. The hat of the model is white. 6. The room of their daughter is small. 7. The books of the students are on the shelf. 8. The name of her friend is John. 9. I like the drawings of our children. 10. Let me have a look at the new sketches of Ann. 11. Let us meet at the place of Mr. Green.
Exercise5. Put the following nouns in the plural form (Remember the indefinite article is adopted before nouns in the plural form):
A table, a plate, a fox, a room, a lady, a knife, a chair, a bus, a Negro, a match, a way, a house, a family, a flag, a town, a wolf, a country, a lion, a park, a play.
Exercise 6.Put the following nouns in the plural form (Pay attention that the indefinite article is adopted before nouns in the plural form, but the definite article is saved):
A star, a mountain, a tree, a shilling, a king, the waiter, the queen, a man, a woman, the woman, an eye, a shelf, a box, the city, a boy, a goose, the watch, a mouse, a dress, a toy, the sheep, a tooth, a child, the ox, a deer, the life, a tomato.