Unit 12 Performance
Useful Language
| Word | Definition | Translation | Transcription |
| accident | something bad which happens that is not expected or intended, and which often damages something or injures someone | несчастный случай | æk.sɪ.dənt |
| (to) achieve a target | to succeed in reaching a particular goal | достигать цели | ətʃiv ə tɑ.gɪt |
| approximate | not completely accurate but close | приблизительный, примерный | ə prɒk.sɪ.mət |
| approximation | an estimate of a number or an amount that is almost correct, but not exact | приближённое значение; | ə prɒk.sɪˈmeɪ.ʃən |
| bench | a long, usually hard, seat for two or more people, often found in public places | скамья | ben t ʃ |
| capacity | the total amount that can be contained or produced | производительность | kə pæs.ə.ti |
| (to) collapse | to fall down suddenly because of pressure or having no strength or support | разрушаться, обваливаться | kə læps |
| (to) decrease | to become less | уменьшаться, убывать, сокращаться | dɪ kris |
| (the) disabled | not having one or more of the physical or mental abilities that most people have | инвалиды | dɪ seɪ.bl ̩d |
| disappointing | not as good, successful as you hoped | неутешительный, разочаровывающий | dɪs.ə pɔɪn.tɪŋ |
| (to) discover | to find information, a place or an object, especially for the first time | обнаруживать | dɪˈskʌv.ər |
| diversity | the quality of including a range of many people or things | разнообразие; многообразие; | d a ɪˈvɜː.sɪ.ti |
| diversity of workforce | similarities and differences among employees in terms of age, cultural background, physical abilities and disabilities, race, religion, sex, and sexual orientation. | разнородность рабочей силы | d a ɪ vɜ.sɪ.ti əv wɜk.fɔs |
| downward/upward | moving towards a lower/higherposition or value | нисходящий/восходящий | daʊn.wəd ʌp.wəd |
| dramatically | to a very great and surprising degree | разительно, значительно, сильно | drə mæt.ɪ.kli |
| (to) drop | to move to a lower level, or cause something to move to a lower level | снижаться, уменьшаться | drɒp |
| due to | attributable to or caused by | благодаря; вследствие; в результате; из-за | dju tu |
| durable | likely to last for a long time without breaking or getting weaker | надёжный, прочный, стойкий, | djʊə.rə.bl |
| encouraging | giving support, courage or hope | обнадёживающий | ɪn kʌr.ɪ.dʒɪŋ |
| environmental performance | how well a business performs in terms of carrying out its activities without harming the environment | экологические показатели | ɪn vaɪ ə .rə n .men.təl pə fɔː.mən t s |
| ethnic | of a national or racial group of people | этнический | eθ.nɪk |
| (to) evaluate | to judge the quality, importance of something | оценивать, давать оценку; | ɪ væl.ju.eɪt |
| excellent | extremely good | отличный, отменный, | ek.səl.ənt |
| factory | a building or set of buildings where large amounts of goods are made using machines | завод, фабрика, предприятие | fæk.tər.i |
| furniture | things such as chairs, tables, beds, cupboards, etc. which are put into a house or other building to make it suitable and comfortable for living or working in | мебель | fɜ.nɪ.tʃər |
| graph | a picture which shows how two sets of information or variable amounts are related, usually by lines or curves | график | grɑːf |
| in addition | as well (as) | в добавление, к тому же | ə dɪʃ.ən |
| in terms of | used to describe which particular area of a subject you are discussing | с точки зрения | ɪn tɜmz əv |
| (to)include | to contain something as a part of something else, or to make something part of something else | включать в себя, содержать в себе | ɪn klud |
| industrial | in or related to industry, or having a lot of industry and factories, etc | индустриальный, промышленный | ɪn dʌs.tri.əl |
| inflation | a general, continuous increase in prices | инфляция | ɪn fleɪ.ʃən |
| (to) injure | to hurt or cause physical harm to a person or animal | ранить | ɪn.dʒər |
| investor | a person who puts money into something in order to make a profit | вкладчик, инвестор | ɪn ves.tər |
| (to) label | to fasten a label to | прикреплять ярлык, этикетку (прям. и перенос.) | leɪ.bəl |
| (to) last | to continue being good or suitable | сохраняться | lɑːst |
| (to) lay off | to stop employing someone, because there is no work for them to do | временно уволить | lei.ɒf |
| local council | the group of people elected to govern a particular area, town orcity, and organize services for it | муниципальный совет | ləʊ.kəl kaʊn t .səl |
| (to) locate | to be in a particular place | располагать в определённом месте; | lə ʊ ˈkeɪt |
| (to) look after | to take care of or be in charge of someone or something | заботиться | lʊk ɑːf.tər |
| low-cost | cheap | малозатратный, низкозатратный (имеющий невысокие издержки) | ləʊ kɒst |
| (to) manage costs | to use money, time, etc. in a sensible way so that it does not cost too much to do something | Управлять расходами | mæn.ɪdʒ kɒsts |
| market share | the amount of sales of a product that a company has, compared with total sales of that product | доля рынка | mɑ.kɪt ʃeər |
| (to) measure performance | to evaluate the quality of organization’s activity, services | оценивать производительность, результативность работы | meʒ.ər pə fɔː.mən t s |
| middle-class | a social group that consists of well-educated people, such as doctors, lawyers, and teachers, who have good jobs and are neither very rich nor very poor | средний класс | mɪd.l klɑːs |
| minority | a smaller number or part | меньшинство | maɪ nɒr.ɪ.ti |
| nowadays | at the present time, in comparison to the past | в наши дни; теперь; в наше время | naʊ.ə.deɪz |
| objective | something which you plan to do or achieve | цель | əb dʒek.tɪv |
| oil | the black oil obtained from under the Earth's surface from which petrol comes | нефть | ɔɪl |
| passenger car | a road vehicle with an engine, four wheels, and seats for a small number of people | легковой автомобиль | pæs.ən.dʒər kɑːr |
| (to) perform | to work or function well or badly | исполнять, выполнять | pə fɔm |
| performance | how well a person, company, etc. does a piece of work or an activity | результативность, производительность, эффективность | pəfɔ.mən t s |
| personality | the type of person you are, which is shown by the way you behave, feel and think | индивидуальность, личность | pɜ.sə næl.ə.ti |
| (to) pollute | to make an area or substance, usually air, water or earth, dirty by adding harmful chemicals | загрязнять | pə lut |
| poor | not good, being of a very low quality | плохой, недостаточный | pɔr |
| (to) preserve | to keep something as it is, especially in order to prevent it from decaying or being damaged or destroyed | сохранять, сберегать | prɪ zɜv |
| public | all ordinary people | публика; общественность | pʌb.lɪk |
| public area | any area which is free and open to general public all the time | площадь общественного пользования | pʌb.lɪk eə.ri.ə |
| (to) reduce | to make something smaller in size, amount, degree, importance | сокращать, уменьшать | rɪ djus |
| (to) remain stable | to stay in the same condition, not likely to change | оставаться стабильным | rɪ meɪn steɪ.bl |
| (to) replace | to change something that is old, damaged, etc, for a similar thing that in newer or better | заменять, замещать | rɪˈpleɪs |
| reputation | the opinion that people have about what someone/something is like, base on what has happened in the past | репутация | rep.jʊˈteɪ.ʃən |
| revenues | the money that an organization receives from its business | доходы | rev.ən.juz |
| (to) rise | to increase | возрастать | raɪz |
| safe | not in danger or likely to be harmed | безопасный | seɪf |
| safety record | the facts about how an organization performs in relation to its products and activities being safe | Показатели безопасности | seɪf.ti rek.ɔd |
| salary cost | the amount of money needed to pay salaries to the employees | затраты [расходы, издержки] на оплату труда (служащих) | sæl.ər.i kɒsts |
| sales result | the number of products sold | товарооборот, объемпродаж | seɪlz rɪ zʌlt |
| sales target | a specified amount of sales that amanagement sets for achieving or exceeding within a specified timeframe | план продаж [сбыта] | seɪlz tɑː.gɪt |
| satisfactory | good or good enough for a particular need or purpose | удовлетворительный; достаточный | sæt.ɪs fæk.tər.i |
| screw | a thin pointed piece of metal which is used to join things together | винт, шуруп | skru |
| senior management | managers at the highest level of a company or organization, considered as a group | высшее руководство | si.ni.ər mæn.ɪdʒ.mənt |
| share | one of the equal parts into which the ownership of a company is divided and which can be bought by members of the public | акция; доля | ʃeər |
| socially responsible | doing things in a way that shows concern for society and people in general | социально ответственный (соответствующие определенным социальным ценностям и моральным нормам,) | səʊ.ʃəl.irɪ spɒn t .sɪ.bl |
| stock market | the business of buying and selling shares in companies and the place where this happens | фондовая биржа | Stɒk mɑː.kɪt |
| survey | an examination of opinions, behaviour, etc., made by asking people questions | опрос, анкетирование | sɜ.veɪ |
| (to) treat | to behave towards someone or deal with something in a particular way | обращаться, вести себя (по отношению к кому-л. как-л.) | trit |
| trend | a general development or change in a situation or in the way that people are behaving | общее направление, тенденция | trend |
| unemployment | the number of people who do not have a job which provides money | безработица | ʌn.ɪm plɔɪ.mənt |
| vehicle | machine usually with wheels and an engine, which is used for transporting people or goods | транспортное средство | vi.ɪ.kl ̩ |
| wood | a hard substance which forms the branches and trunks of trees and which can be used as a building material | дерево (материал, древесина) | wʊd |
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I. Match the words (1-10) with their definitions (a-j)