As the years go forward our life becomes faster, a lot of new things appear, our mind develops and it cannot stop. It's like a strong river which never ends to run and it is rapidly spreading all over the earth. Many centuries ago people even couldn't imaging that we will be able to exchange information using telephone, fax, Internet as long as they couldn’t think that there are a lot of planets except our earth and that people can fly their. If we think how had everything developed, how many new things had appeared and how had the minds of people become so wide we even won't be able to understand it because nowadays we cannot imagine our life without such inventions like lamps, ovens, central heating and others. During the centuries people have been invented the things to make our life easier. A great invention such as transport plays one of the most important roles in our life. We live in flats, can appear in different point of earth within a day, can say hello to people who live in another point of the world. All those things are a product of technical progress and it doesn't stop to grow and develop. Nowadays we live surrounded by machines and other inventions. And with new inventions we become happier because nearly everything is making by machine not by ourselves. And from day to day appear more and more new things. And we don't think about how the first inventions were created. The only thing we know that we never will return to the life which people lived a lot of centuries ago because there is no way back. Everything is handy. We use at home vacuum cleaners to clean the flat, ovens to cook, lifts to walk down in our houses, lamps to make our flats light.... There are a lot of such things like this, and we even don't think about when and where and who invented it. And it's so simple to us. And it's so dear to us that we cannot even live without it. Our century is a century of developing informational connection. Faxes, TV, Internet, and Telephone became the most popular way of getting and sending information. One of the greatest inventions of the century is computer. When Charles Babbage (1792-1871), a professor of mathematics at Cambridge
University invented the first calculating machine in 1812 he could hardly have imagined the situation we find ourselves today. Computer becomes like a brain of human.|
The other things are easy to it. As everything computers also develop. The possibilities of it are so wide. It can do more than 500000 sums in a fraction of a second. Programming became one of the most useful and popular profession. Nowadays computers can pay wages, reserve seats on planes, control sputniks, compose music'. Also everybody knows the words Cd Rom, a means of storing information on a disk to be read by a computer, e-mail, which becomes one of the ways to exchange information, the Internet - a network that is a way to get information, to communicate with people, to find everything you need. More and more people become Internet users because we can do so many things there and also cannot say all of them. You can chat there, find job, pay bills, get music, buy something, find referats, and know the latest news exchange information with other people in each point of earth by e-mail and a lot of other functions. As for me it became a usual thing to be connected to Internet. It attracts me by a wide variety of different kinds of information which is necessary to people. Of course I use a lot of other things of technology at home. And I think that the main point of such inventions as vacuum cleaners, which we use at home, radio, TV set, mixers, refrigerators, one of the most important thing in every flat all these were invented only after the invention of electricity. So I find the question about technical progress very wide and it's impossible to say about all inventions. And in conclusion I want to say that the technical progress won't stop and the machines will substitute everything except one the human.
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Science
Science is important to most people living in the modern world for a number of reasons. In particular, science is important to world peace and understanding, to the understanding of technology, and to our understanding of the world.
Science is important to world peace in many ways. On one hand, scientists have helped to develop many of the modern tools of war. On the other hand, they have also helped to keep the peace through research which has improved life for people. Scientists have helped us to understand the problem of supplying the world with enough energy; they have begun to develop a number of solutions to the energy problem – for example, using energy from the sun and from the atom. Scientists have also analyzed the world’s resources. We can begin to learn to share the resources with the knowledge provided to us by science. Science studies the Universe and how to use its possibilities for the benefit of men.
Science is also important to everyone who is affected by modern technology. Many of the things that make our lives easier and better are the results of advances in technology and, if the present patterns continue, technology will affect us even more in the future than it does now. In some cases, such as technology for taking salt out of ocean water, technology may be essential for our lives on Earth.
The study of science also provides people with an understanding of natural worlds. Scientists are learning to predict earthquakes, are continuing to study many other natural events such as storms. Scientists are also studying various aspects of human biology and the origin and developments of the human race. The study of the natural world may help to improve life for many people all over the world.
A basic knowledge of science is essential for everyone. It helps people to find their way in the changing world.
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Michael Lomonosov
M. V. Lomonosov is just considered to be the father of Russian science. Many of his scientific discoveries proved to be invaluable contributions to the world science, which profoundly influenced the work of the progressive scientists of his time. It is difficult to enumerate his many-sided scientific activities.
In 1986 the 275 anniversary of his birth was widely celebrated throughout the world.
Lomonosov was a complete master of natural sciences especially in chemistry and physics, and it was with Lomonosov that geology, mineralogy, geochemistry, physical chemistry, mining and many other branches of science began. He took great interest in history and mathematics and he is considered to the founder of Russian materialistic philosophy. Besides all this Lomonosov is known to have been a poet. His literary works remain the most significant pages of Russian literature, which profoundly influenced the development of Russian poetry.
Lomonosov’s life was full of difficulties. The son of the peasant he was born in 1711 in the northern coastal village of Denisovka not far from Archangel. His father wanted Michael to become a fisherman and when he was ten years of age, he began to take him to see fishing. The dangerous of fisherman taught Lomonosov to observe the phenomena of nature.
But he was refused admission to the town school for it was almost impossible for a peasant’s son to receive an education at that time. Nevertheless Lomonosov’s desire to study was so great that at the age of 19 he started to Moscow on foot to enter the Slavonic-Greek-Latin Academy. To be accepted to the Academy he had to hide his peasant origin. At the academy Lomonosov began learning Latin - the language of science of his days and mastered it in a short period of time.
Lomonosov spent no more than ten years at school and became a prominent scientist. His scientific career which lasted but 25 years was marked by a striking capacity for work and desire to serve his people and his country. In these 25 years he carried out a gigantic amount of work in various branches of science, engineering and art.
By the end of his life Lomonosov had been elected honorary member of a number of foreign academies. Lomonosov died at the age of 54, on April 15, 1765. He is widely known and greatly honoured in our country.
UNIT 4. MASS MEDIA