Домашнее задание (лексика): устно переведите текст

Good – better

Well (healthy) – better

Bad – worse

Far – farther / further

Будьте внимательны при образовании сравнительной степени прилагательного. Не используйте more и окончание -er одновременно по отношению к одному прилагательному.

Модель сравнения …чем… (than)

Мы используем сравнительную степень прилагательного, когда говорим о двух вещах (группах вещей) или понятиях. В таких случаях чаще всего используется слово than (чем).

Пример:

Russia is bigger than China. – Россия больше, чем Китай.

Everest is higher than all other mountains. – Эверест выше, чем все остальные горы.

Примеры использования сравнительной степени прилагательных в речи

Рассмотрите примеры использования сравнительной степени прилагательных в речи:

1. John is 1m80. He is tall. But Chris is 1m85. He is taller than John.

2. America is big. But Russia is bigger.

3. I want to have a more powerful computer.

4. Is French harder than English?

5. Try this question. It is less difficult.

6. She used to be much more attractive in high school.

7. He is far richer than he shows. (far = much more)

8. I’m better off that way.

9. This situation is worse than I thought.

10. I earn less money now than before.

11. I have more common sense than anybody else in this room.

Выполните задания письменно:

Практическое задание

Выберите правильный вариант ответа, чтобы закрепить пройденную тему:

1. What is the comparative of “steep”?

a) more steep

b) steepper

c) steeper

2. What is the comparative of “likely”?

a) likelyer

b) likelier

c) more likely

3. What is the comparative of “mad”?

a) mader

b) madder

c) madier

4. What is the comparative of “hot”?

a) hotter

b) more hot

c) more hotter

5. What is the comparative of “difficult”?

a) difficultier

b) more difficult

c) difficulter

6. What is the comparative of “heat”?

a) heater

b) more heat

c) none of these

Особенности образования сравнительной степени прилагательных оld, late и far

Прилагательные оld, late и far имеют по две формы сравнительной степени, которые различаются по значению.

Old (старый) – older (старше по возрасту)

− elder (старшинство по рангу)

Late (поздний) − later (более поздний по времени)

latter (последний из двух упомянутых)

Far (далекий, дальний) − farther (более дальний по расстоянию)

− further (более дальний, дальнейший по порядку)

Особенности перевода слова «меньше» на английский язык

Слову «больше» соответствуют в английском языке:

а) more – в том случае, когда «больше» является сравнительной степенью от «много».

Пример:

I have more time than he. – У меня больше времени, чем у него.

b) bigger или larger – в том случае, когда «больше» является сравнительной степенью от «большой».

Пример:

My room is larger than yours. – Моя комната больше вашей.

Особенности перевода слова «меньше» на английский язык

Слову «меньше» соответствуют в английском языке:

а) less – в том случае, когда «меньше» является сравнительной степенью от «мало».

Пример:

I have less time than he. – У меня меньше времени, чем у него.

b) smaller – в том случае, когда «меньше» является сравнительной степенью от «маленький» (small, little).

Пример:

Jack is little but Alice is even smaller. – Джек маленький, но Алиса еще меньше.

She is the smallest in their family. – Она самая маленькая в их семье.

 

Домашнее задание (грамматика)

1. Раскройте скобки, ставя прилагательные в сравнительную степень:

1. This exercise is (simple) than that one. 2. New districts of Moscow are (beautiful) than the old ones. 3. He is (clever) than his brother. 4. My (old) sister is 4 years (old) than me. 5. There are (many) customers on Saturdays than on weekdays. 6. Are expensive things (good) than cheap ones? 7. Is English grammar (difficult) than Russian grammar? 8. She had to give us (far) information though she didn't want to. 9. Students from Group 3 are (industrious) than those from Group 1. 10. Have you met our new colleagues, Mr Brown, and Mr. Green? The former is an excellent economist, (late) is a good lawyer. 11. They have got down to business without any (far) delay. 12. This matter is (urgent) than that one. 13. He plays tennis (bad) than she. 14. He's got a still (old) edition of this book. 15. Is there a (late) train passing here?

2. Переведите предложения на английский язык:

1. Этот дом выше того. 2. Сегодня вода в реке холоднее, чем вчера. 3. Папа умнее тебя. 4. Китай больше Индии. 5. Его бабушка моложе дедушки. 6. Груши вкуснее яблок. 7. Наша кошка меньше нашей собаки. 8. Мой брат моложе меня. 9. В прошлом году февраль был холоднее января. 10. Днепр короче Волги. 11. Эрмитаж богаче Русского музея.

 

Домашнее задание (лексика): устно переведите текст

Ramadan Ramadan is the Muslim holy month. So, what goes on during Ramadan and what does it mean? Young Muslims from the UK tell us why Ramadan is important to them. Ramadan in the UK There are around 1.5 million Muslims in Britain, making Islam the second biggest religion in the country. London alone has Muslims who originate from over 30 different countries. During the month of Ramadan, many Muslims in Britain join Muslims all over the world in observing a month of fasting during daylight hours. What do people do? Fasting Muslims do not eat or drink anything between dawn and sunset. They also give up bad habits, and try to be model human beings for the whole month of Ramadan. Many people give money to charity during Ramadan. For many, Ramadan is a chance to have more time to think and reflect. It is also a time of prayer and people coming together, especially to share Iftar, the evening meal just after sunset. ‘Ramadan is about praying, family time and thinking about and giving to people less fortunate.’ Izzy, aged 19 ‘Ramadan is a time for me to reflect and appreciate what I have.’ Amz, aged 18 ‘Ramadan is about asking for forgiveness, and all that lovely food your mum makes, lol!!!’ 16-year-old, anonymous When is it? Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, and the start date is based on the appearance of the crescent moon. As the Islamic calendar is slightly shorter than the Western calendar, Ramadan comes earlier and earlier every year. The length of daily fasting also changes. When Ramadan falls in the British summertime, the hours of fasting are quite long because Britain is far north of the equator and has around 16 hours of daylight in summer. In winter, though, daylight hours are much shorter. There are other challenges too. ‘In the school holidays it’s harder. It’s actually easier when you’ve got school. You’re busy so you don’t think about eating and drinking as much.’ Sami, aged 17 Does everyone have to do it? Children, pregnant women and people who are sick are not expected to fast. Young people normally start fasting when they are teenagers. In special cases, you can make up the days of fasting at a later date. For example, if you are pregnant or on a tiring journey during Ramadan, you can do the fast later, when your circumstances are different. Ramadan and sport If Ramadan coincides with a major sporting event, Muslim athletes have to face competing without food and liquids. In the London Olympics there were around 3,000 Muslim athletes. Many of them observed the fast strictly, while others decided to delay the fast until a later date. Mo Farah, who became double Olympic champion, made the difficult decision to make up the days of fasting after the event. For the athletes who were fasting, the Olympic Village dining room was open 24 hours a day and stocked with special Ramadan foods such as dates, Halal beef and Halal chicken.   Письменно выполните 3 задания:
1) Match the verb phrases with the correct definition and write a–f next to the numbers 1–6.
1……..	to fast	a.	to stop doing or having something
2……..	to break your fast	b.	to do something extra or later to compensate for something that has not been done
3……..	to give something up	c.	to end your fast by eating something
4……..	to make up for something	d.	to have to do something difficult
5……..	to face something	e.	to follow or stick to (the fast)
6……..	to observe (the fast)	f.	to go without food for a period, especially for religious reasons

 

2) Circle True or False for these sentences.
1.	Islam is the second biggest religion in the UK.	True	False
2.	During Ramadan, Muslims who are fasting do not eat or drink anything at all during daylight hours.	True	False
3.	Iftar is the early morning meal eaten before sunrise during Ramadan.	True	False
4.	The number of hours of fasting per day during Ramadan always stays the same.	True	False
5.	Children from the age of 8 are expected to fast for Ramadan.	True	False
6.	In special circumstances, a person can delay the days of fasting until a later date.	True	False
7.	During the London Olympics, 3,000 Muslims took part while fasting.	True	False
8.	Food was available in the Olympic Village at all times of day, and special Ramadan foods were available.	True	False
3) Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word in brackets.
1.	Islam is the second _______________ (big)religion in Britain.
2.	London alone has Muslims who _______________ (origin)from over 30 different countries.
3.	Fasting Muslims do not eat or drink anything between sunrise and _______________ (sun).
4.	‘Ramadan is about thinking about and giving to people who are less _______________ (fortune).’
5.	Amz agrees about the _______________ (important)of Ramadan as a time to think.
6.	‘Ramadan is about asking for _______________ (forgive).’
	The start date of Ramadan is based on the _______________ (appear)of the crescent moon.
	‘In the school holidays it’s harder. It’s actually _______________ (easy)when you’ve got school.