UNIT I. SHIP LOG BOOK
Vocabulary
neatly – четко
precisely – точно, определенно
alteration – поправка
interlineation – вставка между строк
accurate account – подробный отчёт
assess – определять
trial – испытание, проба
stemming – очистка
stowaway – лицо, прокравшееся на борт
courts of enquiry – следственная комиссия
settlement of disputes – разрешение споров
litigation – судебный процесс
Shipper – отправитель груза, фрахтователь
Consignee – получатель груза, фрахтователь
Charterer – арендатор судна, фрахтовщик
evidence – доказательство
to scrutinise – изучать
Rough Log – черновой вахтенный журнал
pertaining – относительно
con (conned) – управление рулем
sick-bay – изолятор
treatment – лечение
medical disposal – врачебное назначение, план лечения
narrative section – описательная секция
preserve – хранить
noxious liquid substance – вредное жидкое вещество
to commit an offence – совершать преступление
to exempt – освободить
to discharge – увольнять
running agreement – действующее соглашение
Exercise 1. Read the text quickly and discuss these problems.
1. What is the official Log Book (OLB)?
2. What are the key rules of the OLB filling?
3. What general data should the OLB contain?
4. Why is it essential to complete the OLB properly?
5. Who has the right to make entries into the OLB?
6. What other LBs must be kept on board?
7. What languages may be used to enter the info?
8. What should be done in case of mistake made in LB?
9. How long must LB / Cargo LB be retained on board?
Exercise 2. Scanning of the text: Define the specific items of the information of the text. Propose the best summary of the text.
Text
Ship Log Book
The official Ship Log Book (SLB) includes a diary type format consisting of lined pages for recording ship data and activities. The SLB is an important document that is used to record various data, scenario and situations (including emergency situation and action) which is later used for reference, case study and for insurance purpose in case of damage to the ship or loss of ship’s property. It is the Master’s responsibility to ensure that the LB is maintained in a legible, factual and punctual manner.
General Rules. All entries should be made neatly, carefully and precisely, and only after due consideration: (1) alterations and interlineations should be avoided; (2) a faithful and accurate account of the voyage should be given.
Entries made in the Deck LB should cover, but not be limited to the following information:
- standard meteorological data which must be carefully assessed;
- record of navigational and pilotage events during watch;
- record of vessel position at regular intervals;
- behavior of vessel and effect of heavy seas;
- change from hand to auto steering and vice versa including trial of hand steering every watch;
- verification of compass error also including mention if unobtainable;
- record of inspections, trainings and emergency drills (preferably in red pen);
- information on cargo work and other activities in port;
- visits by various officials and authorities;
- stemming of bunkers, freshwater, stores, etc;
- search for stowaways, contraband and SSP (Ship Security Plan) related items. All other information considered pertinent to the watch.
It is essential that clear and accurate record of the activities of the ship are kept, as in the event of official investigations, courts of enquiry, and in the settlement of disputes with Shippers, Consignees, Charterers and others, the production of the Deck LB is required. For this reason the log book of a ship should be properly filled without any errors. The manner of this important document has great bearing upon the favourable outcome of the case. In addition Rough Logs and Cargo Logs can also be used as evidence in case of disputes and they must be accurately compiled.
The Master is to scrutinise the LB personally, and with the Chief Officer sign each day’s page to verify the entries therein.
Bridge Books and Movement (Bell) Books must be used to record significant information pertaining to the vessels movements. There should be sufficient facts to be able to reconstruct the passage, if required at a later date, in conjunction with other data recording.
Chronological entries should include the following data:
- times of testing controls, of stand-by engine & finished with engine;
- commands given to the E/R;
- name of the Pilot and his boarding time;
- name of tug(s) made fast/assisting/location/cast off with times;
- times when mooring lines sent ashore or cast off;
- times of passing buoys, landmarks and the like and other position fixes;
- time of change of con (Master/Pilot/OOW). Any other operational details.
Medical or Sick-Bay Log
The OLB Regulations require a record to be made of any illness of a crew member, the treatment given, any progress of the illness and the disposal of the case. If these records are kept in a separate medical or sick-bay log, the document will form an Annex to the OLB and a suitable note recording the existence of the medical log should be made in the narrative section of the OLB.
Sounding Book
Sounding should be made on a daily or twice-daily basis whether a tank is believed to be empty or partially full, and whether tanks have been pumped or not. Sounding records should be preserved for the duration of the voyage, and at least until cargo is discharged.
Cargo Record Book shall be maintained on every vessel especially carrying noxious liquid substances in bulk, in accordance with the provisions of MARPOL 73/78, Annex II. Once in the berth, it is necessary to record details of starts, stoppages and completions of cargo work, along with tonnages and positions of ballast and fresh water loaded or discharged, soundings observed, and tonnages of cargo advised or calculated. The records should show the times that work started and stopped at each hold and the durations of all surveys and inspections. Tonnages of bunkers taken should be recorded, as should details of all accidents to ship and personnel.
The CRB must be available at all times for examination by Nautical Inspectors or Inspectors of any Port State when within the jurisdiction of that State. This CRB is a valuable means of providing proof that the ship has complied with anti-pollution regulations. The CRB must be preserved for three years from the date of the last entry. It must be properly completed.
Entries must be in English or in French or in the official language of the flag state. Entries should be carefully made in ink and plain language using accepted nautical terms. Do not erase, ink over, white-out mistakes or remove pages from logbook. Corrections should be made by putting a single firm line through the error (---), writing the correct version alongside and initialing the entry. The LB must be retained on board the ship for 2 years after the last entry has been made.
Exercise 3. Show your competence on the following points.
1. What are the general rules of making entries into the OLB?
2. How often should the Master/Ch. Mate examine and sign the LB?
3. In what cases may Bridge Books and Movement Books be useful?
4. What information do BB and MB include?
5. What entries should Medical LB contain?
6. How long should sounding records be preserved?
7. What is the function of the Cargo Record Book?
Exercise 4. Match English and Russian equivalents.
| вставка между строк | comprehensive account |
| ведение судового журнала | steering casualty |
| нарушать (закон) | interlineation |
| чрезвычайные происшествия | relevant fact |
| факт, относящийся к делу | extraordinary happening |
| урегулирование | entries into ship’s LB |
| штраф | contravene |
| посадка на мель | adjustment |
| поломка машинного оборудования | fine |
| быть виновным в нарушении | grounding |
| заверенный капитаном | machinery breakdown |
| выход из строя рулевого устройства | be guilty of an offence |
| черновой вариант журнала | delay |
| задержка | witnessed by a Master |
| исчерпывающий отчёт | “scrap” log |
| поправка и аннулирование данных | routine tests of equipment |
| обычная проверка оборудования | amendment and cancellation of entries |
Exercise 5. Are the following statements True or False?
1. LB is available in two versions.
2. Specified persons should not sign each entry in OLB.
3. Entries should never be amended or cancelled by the current Master.
4. The OLB is only for the official entries made by only captain and chief engineer about the crew and their behavior.
5. The OLB must be preserved for a period of 3 years after the last entry has been made.
6. Entries must be made in English in UK ship and in other ships in the official language of the flag state.
7. When making entries in the Cargo LB, the date, operational letter code and item number shan't be inserted in the appropriate columns.
8. The LB shall be kept in such a place as to be hidden for inspection.
9. The purpose of the Deck LB is to provide the company with a comprehensive account of all operational activities, in which a vessel engages.
Exercise 6. Make following entries into appropriate LB.
| 1.15:45 GMT 13/07/2015 Access to vessel monitored (shore side gangway, mooring lines, sea sides, bunker ladder, anchor chains). Unattended spaces locked. Contraband search carried out last port departure. | Deck Log Book | ||||||||||||
| 2.15.02.2016 20.00 Watch relieved as per ICS B-15 20.20 GPS fi – 10 dgr. 19.3N 107 dgr 01.6E drop p anchor 4 shackles. 21.00 same coordinates, no sign drift. 22.00 fire & safety round carried out. Underway: 20:00 C/L 7.04; 7.08 GPS coordinates, A/C to 123 dgr. In port: 24:00 vessel stay psd alongsd in p. Phu My berth 3/3+2. Cargo operation in progress. Mooring operations: 20.00 POB, 21.00 tug boat fast, 21.30 first line, 22.00 tug boat aft or frwd, cast off also possible separately, 22.15 all fast, 22.30 pilot off. Vessel working in rough SE’ly Sea and Swell, Ov’cst, Good Vis, Rounds Made, Watch turned over to 3/M J. Doe. | Continuous Synopsis Record | ||||||||||||
| Compass Error Book | ||||||||||||
| 4.8:00 Z 18-JUN-2016 Test call to CS. Self-test on the exclusive DSC distress alert and safety calling frequency 2187.5 kHz carried out – OK. Batteries charger checked – OK. | GMDSS Record Book | ||||||||||||
| 5.16:00 LT 11.05.2016 Recording of oil residue (sludge) collected by manual operation & transferred into an oil residue (sludge) tank. 0.5 m³ collected from turbo charger sump to Sludge Tank # 2. | Oil Record Book | ||||||||||||
| 6.17:00 UTC 18-APR-2016 Change of Vessel Name. Change of Ownership and Re-Registration of a Liberian Flag ship. Change of Safety Management Company’s Name. | Vessel Security Log | ||||||||||||
| 7.10-03-2016 Ivan V. Petrov Entry Time: 10:00 LT Exit Time: 11:00 LT Reason: Delivery of complete equipment Identity is being confirmed: YES. | Radar Log Book | ||||||||||||
| 8.13:00 LT 7-SEP-2016 Comply with standing orders. Follow the laid courses. Check and plot positions at required intervals. Keep proper look out. Calling Master at required position, if applicable. Antipiracy watch if required. | Gangway/Visitor Log | ||||||||||||
| 9.17:00 LT 01/04/06 Accommodation inspected all areas satisfactory. Crew mess room lighting defective – repaired satisfactorily. | Night Orders Book | ||||||||||||
| 10.09:12 UTC 10-FEB-2016 Target bearing 292°T. drawing forward. Target range 8.0 m and closing. CPA 0.8 m in 24.6 mins at 09:36. Target's speed 6 knts. Aspects G18°. Action – a substantial turn to stbd btwn 060°/090°. | Record of Safety Inspection |
Note:
GMDSS –Global Maritime Distress and Safety system
DSC – Digital Selective Calling (цифровой избирательный вызов ЦИВ)
CPA – the closest point of approach
Aspect – allocation, disposition (расположение объектов относительно сторон цели)
turbo charger sump – нижний резервуар турбокомпрессора
Exercise 7. Here are the answers. Make some questions.
1. What cases … ________________________________________?
The OLB must remain in force from the time of opening the Crew Agreement until where there is a voyage on running or indefinite agreement.
2. Who … _______________________________________________?
Entries are signed by an officer and authorized by the Master for that purpose.
3. What cases … ___________________________________?
The Master commits an offence if an entry is not made, signed and witnessed in accordance with the Regulations and the Schedule.
4. When may … __________________________________________?
Bridge books and movement books may be useful when entering or leaving port or when navigating in pilotage waters.
5. How often should … _____________________________________?
Soundings should be made on a daily or twice – daily basis whether a tank is believed to be empty or partially full and whether tanks have been pumped or not.
Exercise 8. Complete each of the sentences with the correct Tense and Voice verb form.
1. OLB (must, to produce) be the Master if demanded, to the RSS (Royal Security Service), a superintendent, a proper officer, a surveyor or a custom officer.
2. The OLB Regulation (to require) a record to be made of any illness of a crew member.
3. A cargo record-book (to require) by HM Customs & Exercise (to keep) in a vessel trading or domestic voyages.
4. All entries (should, to be, to make) neatly, carefully and precisely, and only after due consideration.
5. The “mate’s log in some companies (to be, to write up) daily an (to sign) at the foot of each page by the chief officer.
Exercise 9. Render the following sentences into English.
1. В судовой журнал должны записываться все события, отражающие действия капитана и экипажа по обеспечению безопасности мореплавания и предотвращению загрязнения окружающей среды.
2. В судовом журнале также должны быть отражены все вопросы, касающиеся эксплуатационной и коммерческой деятельности судна.
3. При серьезных нарушениях дисциплины, капитан судна формально предупреждает нарушителя и об этом делается запись в судовом журнале.
4. Форма журнала и правила его ведения и регистрации определяется Администрацией государства флага.
5. Кроме вахтенного судового журнала обычно на судах ведутся черновой журнал, отдельные специальные журналы для записей по проведению учений, тревог, по проверкам судового журнала.
6. Учитывая, что судоходство носит международный характер, во многих странах рабочим языком на судне является английский язык и судовой журнал ведется на английском языке.
7. Ведение записей в судовой журнал значительно помогает работе компаний и является очень полезной при расследовании морских происшествий.
Exercise 10. Study recommended Logbook Language Characteristics and Recordation Requirement.
It is seriously and adversely affects ship owner’s benefit as a result of irregular recordation of logbook after a ship is encountered with marine accident. Thus, it is extremely critical for crewmembers to understand and master logbook’s language characteristics, and record the logbook in a complete and standard way.
1. Use of nautical professional terms: under keel clearance, dead reckoning, notice to mariner, etc.
2. Abbreviations: FFE (fire-fighting equipment), LSA (life-saving apparatus), A/C (alter course), SOSP (start of sea passage), N/A (not applicable), and F.W.E. (finish with engine), etc.
3. Use of concise sentences.
4. Several nouns combined together to make a statement (noun + noun + noun), such as ballast water tank, fuel oil tank, fire hose box, etc.
5. Use of such simple verbs as make, get, have, test, check, etc. (Get bridge painted. Test all nav. equipment, all good. Checked all cabin, found nothing. Rounds made, all well.)
6. Appropriate punctuations and symbols to simplify spelling of words:
· / substitutes for “of, and, or” etc., such as M/E (main engine), S/B (stand by), A/C (alter course), E/R (engine room), and R/U (ring up), etc.
· ' represents that the character in-between two characters is omitted, such as ab’t = about; var’ly = variously; O’cast = overcast; d’k = deck; St’d = starboard; p’d = passed; Ob’n = observation; st’n = station, etc.
· “First character + last character” of a word substitute for the word, such as Wr= weather; Yr = year; Bk = bank; Id = island; Hr = harbor, etc.
·.means that the letter characters of a word are omitted, such as eng. = engine; temp. = temperature; dist. = distance; mod. = moderate (sea); cab. = cable; ast. = astern, etc.
· “ Ψ ” substitutes for anchor, which can be suffixed, such as Ψed =anchored; Ψage = anchorage; Ψchain = anchor chain; Ψball = anchor ball, etc.
7. Omitting definite article “the” such as “L’go star’d Ψ.” “Lifeboat painted.” “P’d B.W. light buoy”.
8. Laconic tense the simple Past Tense and the Simple Present Tense.
Case of recordation of logbook:
The above case contains a large majority of characteristics of logbook, such as, technical terms: log, fix, moderate breeze, slight sea, smooth sea, gentle breeze, and smooth sea, etc; abbreviative words: G (gyro compass), ΔG (gyro-compass error), L (log reading), ΔL (percentage of log correction), T (true bearing), M (magnetic heading), DR (dead reckoning), γ (leeway and drift angle), Loran (long-range navigation), AF (astronomical observation), b (blue), r (rain); abbreviation of symbols: R/O eng. (ring off engines), ob’n (observation), 2/O (second officer), C/O (chief officer), 3/O (third officer), L.H. (light house), Id (island), etc. As for sentence patterns, most are sentences without subject, such as, Notified E/R to change oil, Obs’d A L.H.083°(G), B L.H.324°(G). Even if some sentences are complete, they are also quite simple, such as, Radar caught C L.Vessel, on 066°(T), 12’.6 off, L18’.2. & A vessel crossed ahd of me, ab’t 6’.0 off. Both of these two sentences are complete simple sentences, yet the word “the” is omitted before the word “radar” in the first sentence, and the second sentence uses the word “me” instead of the phrase “our vessel”.
Study the recordation of logbook:
0030 N/F E/R to change oil, R/O eng.
0148 Obs’d A L.H.083°(G), B L.H.324°(G), ΔG +0°.1, A/C to 148°(T), 147°.9(G), 154.5°(M), ΔC -6°.5, set log, L0’.0, ΔL +1%
0216 Radar caught C L.VSL on 058° (T), 13’.6 off, L 19’.7.
0300 Stellar ob’n fix: Lat.38-17.2N, Long.122-06.7E
0400 GPS fix: Lat. 38-21’.2N, Long. 122-05’.7E, L33’.5. b, moderate breeze, slight sea. (Signed by 2/O)
0535 AF: Lat. 38-06’.3N, Long. 122-16’. 2E, L50’.5.
0552 Sunrise, obs’d sunrise azimuth 088°(G), consulted table & found 088°.1(T), ΔG +0°.1, switched off navigation lights.
0626 A vessel crossed ah’d of me, ab.t 6’.0 off.
0800 GPS fix: Lat. 37-45’. 8N, Long.122-30’.5E, L 74’.0. c, gentle breeze, smooth sea. (Signed by C/O)
0913 Hoggy Id, brg 045, 20’.2 off, A/C 250°.
1030 DR 45-51.3N 032-21.5W Wind E’ly 4, Current NW 1m/s γ=1°.2
1200 Loran fix: Lat. 37°45’. 8N, Long.122°30’.5E, L74’.0 r, moderate breeze, slight sea. (Signed by 3/O)
Exercise 11. Stand for the abbreviations and match them with their definitions.
APT Satellite position
BC/L Man over board
CO & SP VMO&PA Dropped last outward sea pilot
DB Engine Control Room
D.L.O.S.P. Course & speed various to
Master’s Order & Pilot’s Advice
ECR Double bottom
ETB Intermediate Fuel Oil
FFA Her Majesty’s Ship
HMS Fire fighting appliance
IFO Expected time of berthing
MOB Bridge Check List
Sat Beginning sea passage
B.S.P. After Peak Tank
Exercise 12. Translate the following samples of the LB Records.
Part A.