The Conditionals
I (реальное, будущее время, если…то)
| Придаточное (if) | V1 Vs | If we sign the contract, |
| Главное | Will V1 | they will give us the money |
II (полуреальное, настоящее время, если бы…то бы)
| Придаточное (if) | V2 Ved | If we signed the contract, |
| Главное | Would V1 | they would give us the money |
III (нереальное, прошедшее время, если бы …то бы)
| Придаточное (if) | Had V3 | If we had signed the contract, |
| Главное | Would have V3 | they would have given us the money |
(из пособия для бакалавров)
Задание 1. Выберите правильный перевод следующих предложений:
1. If a student attends all the classes he will get his credit without problem.
A. Если студентбудет посещать все занятия, он без проблем получит зачёт.
B. Если бы студент посещал все занятия, он бы получил зачёт без проблем.
2. If you bought some shares of the company you would become a shareholder.
A. Если бы вы купили некоторое количество акций, вы бы стали акционером.
B. Если бы вы купили акции раньше, вы бы стали акционером.
3. If I lend you this sum of money when will you repay me?
A. Если бы я дал вам деньги, когда бы вы вернули мне?
B. Когда вы вернёте деньги, если я одолжу вам эту сумму?
4. We would have started negotiations the day before yesterday, if the manager had signed the contract.
A. Если бы менеджер подписал контракт, мы бы позавчера начали переговоры.
B. Мы бы начали переговоры, если бы менеджер подписал контракт.
5. If they worked at this enterprise, they would receive good salaries.
A. Если они будут работать на этом предприятии, они будут получать хорошую зарплату.
B. Они получали бы хорошую зарплату, если бы работали на этом предприятии.
6. If incomes rise, the demand for goods and services will increase.
A. Если бы доходы возросли, спрос на товары и услуги повысился бы.
B. Если доходы возрастут, спрос на товары и услуги повысится.
7. If wages rise, unemployment will increase.
A. Если зарплата повысится, безработица увеличится.
B. Безработица бы увеличилась, если бы зарплата возросла.
8. We would become uncompetitive if we didn’t install new equipment.
A. Если мы не установим новое оборудование, мы будем неконкурентоспособны.
B. Мы были бы неконкурентоспособны, если бы не установили новое оборудование.
9. If I were in the city, I would attend his lecture.
A. Если бы я был в городе, я бы посетил его лекцию.
B. Если бы я был в городе в тот день, я бы посетил его лекцию.
10. If the government had cut taxes last year, it would have gained a lot of public support.
A. Если правительство снизит налоги, оно получит поддержку общественности.
B. Если бы правительство сократило налоги в прошлом году, оно получило бы поддержку общественности.
Задание 2. Вставьте пропущенные глаголы в правильной форме.
1. If you took more exercise, you ___ better.
A. feel
B. will feel
C. would feel
2. If I sell my car, I _______ much money for it.
A. won’t get
B. would not get
C. got
3. The employees would understand if you __________ the situation to them.
A. explain
B. explained
C. had explained
4. If I was offered the job I think I __________ it.
A. would take
B. take
C. will take
5. If I had known his number before I ______ him.
A. will phone
B. would have phoned
C. would phone
6. If we _____ production volume, we will improve profits immensely.
A. increase
B. increases
C. increased
7. If they ____ these data, they would have changed their overall policy.
A. know
B. knew
C. had known
8. You will get this job if you _____ the interview successfully.
A. pass
B. passed
C. had passed
9. Our company would sign the contract if the director ______ with the terms of payment.
A. agreed
B. agree
C. has agreed
10. If the delegates come earlier, no one ______ here to greet them.
A. would be
B. will be
C. were
Задание 3. Укажите тип условия в данных предложениях
A тип I - реальное условие
B тип II - маловероятное условие
C тип III – нереальное условие
1. If the company introduced modern inventions, its business would flourish.
2. The company wouldn’t raise the price unless it was necessary.
3. If we advertise our goods properly, we’ll sell them very well.
4. If we had got the terms of the contract in time, we would have chosen your
company.
5. If I had known about that position, I would have applied for it.
6. We’ll give you a bigger discount if you increase your order.
7. We would get more inquiries if we advertised more often.
8. What will you do if they refuse to negotiate?
9. If we signed the contract now, we could deliver the goods by Friday.
10. If they had invested in new technology, they would have survived the
recession.
Задание 4. Соотнесите английские предложения из задания 3 и их перевод.
A. Мы бы получилибольше запросов, если бы чаще давали рекламу.
B. Мы сделаем вам скидку больше, если вы увеличите ваш заказ.
C. Если мы должным образом будем рекламировать наш товар, мы его продадим очень хорошо.
D. Если бы компания ввела современные изобретения, её бизнес процветал бы.
E. Если бы они инвестировали в новые технологии, они бы пережили спад.
F. Что вы сделаете, если они откажутся вести переговоры?
G. Компания не подняла бы цену, если бы это не было необходимо.
H. Если бы я знал об этой должности, я бы подал заявление.
I. Если бы мы подписали контракт сейчас, мы бы смогли доставить товары к пятнице.
J. Если бы мы получили условия договора вовремя, мы бы выбрали вашу компанию.
(из Грамматики Даниловой)
Ex. 1. Use the correct form of the verb in brackets, pay attention to the types of conditional sentences. Translate the sentences.
1) If the taxi (to arrive) late, we’ll miss the appointment.
2) If you (to meet)Jack, please tell him that we need him badly.
3) (To get) I any discount if I pay in cash?
4) Someone may have an accident unless we (to improve) safety standards.
5) If I were you, I (to accept) the offer.
6) If I saw him, I (to tell) him about your request.
7) If I (to have)time, I’d go with you.
8) If James (to change) his job, he would earn more money.
9) If they (to help) us, we shouldn’t have finished the work.
10) You’d have got a higher mark if you (to study) harder in winter.
11) They would have bought this flat if it (to be) too expensive.
12) But for the financial crisis the company (to fail).
Ex. 2. Use the correct form of the verb in brackets. Translate the sentences.
1. The company will ask the bank for a credit if it (not to have) enough money for a new branch.
2. If the company (not to meet) the demands of consumers, its goods would not be recognized in the market.
3. If the price of the good had not be raised, the company (not to make) any profit.
4. If you (to translate) this article into Russian, you should use it in your report.
5. If it (to rain), we shan't go to the country on Sunday.
6. I shan’t be able to translate this article unless I (to find) a dictionary of finance terms.
7. If I had seen him, I (to tell) him about their plans.
8. If I weren’t so busy, I (to do) it for you.
9. If you (to be) very early, don’t expect them to be ready.
10.He (to act) differently if he had been given an answer two days ago.
11. If the company (make) a profit last year, each shareholder would have
received a part of it.
Ex. 3. Match these parts to make conditional sentences
1. If I had their address,
2. If you saw her now,
3. If I took more exercise,
4. If you got a new job,
5. If you asked Kate,
6. If I travelled first class,
7. If it was a little warmer,
8. If she didn’t answer the phone,
9. If you went to the doctor,
10. If I stopped off in Toronto,
a) it would cost over £650.
b) you might earn a bit more money.
c) I would probably stay with Linda.
d) she must have been out at work.
e) she would give you a certificate.
f) she would probably give you a lift.
g) we could go for a swim.
h) I might lose a bit of weight.
i) I could write and ask them.
j) you would hardly recognize her