Read the text, write down the words, translate them.
| Product development | state-of-the-art | ||
| research and development (R&D) | advanced | ||
| researchcentre | hi-tech | ||
| laboratory | low-tech | ||
| innovative | obsolete | ||
| Breakthrough | proprietary | ||
| technology | patent | ||
| knowledge | underlicence | ||
| fascinating | royalties | ||
| cutting edge=leading edge | copyright | ||
| semiconductor | intellectual property |
Match the following Russian words in the left column with their English equivalents.
| 1. новация 2. разработчик 3. устаревший 4. гонорар 5. очевидный 6. засиживаться допоздна 7. изобретатель 8. разрешение 9. прорыв в науке 10. исследование | a. obvious b. breakthrough c. royalties d. permission e. stay up f. inventor g. innovation h. developer i. obsolete j. research |
3. Match the Russian words 1-5 with their definitions a-e:
| 1.интеллектуальная собственность; 2. нарушение авторских прав; 3. гонорар; 4. заявка на патент; 5. лицензионное соглашение | a. a payment to the author b. using videos or CD without permission c. any ideas that belong to a person d. when an inventor asks authorities to officially recognize his invention as his property e. a permission of the owner of a design to use the design for money |
4. Choose the appropriate word in brackets. Translate sentences. 
Match the following English nouns with their Russian equivalents. Записать слова с переводом
| 1) discovery 2) achievement 3) invention 4)explanation 5)observation 6)research 7)knowledge 8)science 9)progress 10)experiment | a)исследование b) наблюдение c)опыт d) открытие e)развитие f) наука g)объяснение h) достижение i)знания j) изобретение |
Match the following English verbs with their Russian equivalents. Записать слова с переводом
| 1) to improve 2) to discover 3) to research 4) to invent 5) to involve 6) to identify 7) to design 8) to achieve 9) to promote 10) to encourage | a) изобретать b) способствовать c)улучшать d) достигать e) поощрять f) проектировать g)распознавать h) вовлекать i) открывать j)исследовать |
Read and translate the text. Устно
Inventors and their inventions
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Samuel Colt was an American. He lived in the 19th century. In 1836 he designed and patented a pistol. It was a pistol with a revolving barrel that could fire six bullets one after another. It was thefirst pistol of its kind. Later there came many other pistols with six
bullets.
Rudolf Diesel was a German engineer. He was born in 1858 and died in 1913. In 1897 he invented a new internal combustion engine. This engine is known as a diesel. And it began a transport revolution in cars, lorries, trains and ships.
Samuel Finley Morse was born in 1791. He died in 1872. He was a portrait painter. Then he became an inventor. For twelve years he tried to perfect the telegraph and he was a success. Later he invented the telegraphic dot-and-dash alphabet. Now it is known as Morse code. Morse code was not only one in America of that time. There weresome others. But now we use Morse code all over the world.
Charles Makintosh lived from 1766 to 1843. He lived in Scotlandand was a chemist by profession. He worked in a textile industry. In1823 he developed a rubber solution. This rubber solution was usedfor raincoat production. Raincoats with this rubber solution didn’t
allow water to penetrate. These raincoats were called makintoshes. Now people all over the world use them in spring and in autumn.
Charles Rolls was born in 1881 in Great Britain. He died in 1910.He was an aristocrat and businessman. He was especially interested incars. Once he met another enthusiast of cars Henry Royce. HenryRoyce was a famous car engineer. They decided to design the mostcomfortable and reliable car. At the beginning of the 20thcenturyItseemed to be a fantasy. But they worked hard and at last in 1907 theycreated the famous Rolls-Royce car. It was so comfortable and reliablethat one of the models of Rolls-Royce cars «Silver Ghost» hadn’tchanged greatly for 20 years since 1907.
Gottlieb Daimler and Charles Benz were two inventors. They livedin Germany. They were both interested in car production. At the endof the 19th century, each of them designed a car. At the same time, theyorganized two independent firms to produce them.
All the cars produced by the firm of Daimler were called«Mercedes». Mercedes was a daughter’s name of one of thestockholders of the firm. This man saved the firm of Daimler fromfinancial crisis at the beginning of the 20th century. But after theWorld War I the firm of Daimler met with financial difficulties again.