1. I hope you … to my party this weekend.
A. are coming B. will come C. are going to come D. will be coming
2. By the time you … this letter I … my final exams.
A. will receive; will finish B. will receive; will have finished C. receive; will have finished D. receive; finish
3. Look at the baby! She … drop off the spoon.
A. is going to B. will C. shall D. are going to
4. They … lunch with Sam at this time tomorrow.
A. will have B. are going to C. will have had D. will be having
5. I am not sure when I … on holiday this year.
A. will go B. go C. am going D. will be going
6. Please, phone me when you … home.
A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will have got
7. If we … enough money we … a new computer.
A. will have; will buy B. have; will buy C. have; buy D. have; are going to buy
8. I doubt if they … on time.
A. are B. are going to be C. shall be D. will be
9. Mr Simon … here for 30 years by the time he retires next month.
A. will be working B. is working C. will work D. will have been working
10. I really need this cap. – OK. I … it for you.
A. will buy B. am buying C. am going to buy D. buy
11. We’ve run out of milk. – … I go to the shop?
A. Will B. Shall C. Do D. Am
12. We expect the weather … better tomorrow.
A. is B. is going to be C. will be D. shall be
13. Henry … the garage by Friday.
A. won’t build B. won’t have been building C. won’t be building D. won’t have built
14. Anna, … you … making so much noise?
A. Will stop B. Will be stopping C. Will have stopped D. Will have been stopping
15. The London train … at 7.15.
A. will arrive B. is arriving C. arrives D. is going to arrive
16. You … into trouble, I warn you!
A. will get B. are going to get C. will have been getting D. will have got
17. I am sure the students … the test successfully.
A. are going to pass B. will be passing C. will have been passing D. will pass
18. Kate … probably … soon.
A. is coming B. is going to come C. will come D. will be coming
19. … you … anything special tonight?
A. are doing B. are going to do C. will do D. do do
20. How long … you … English by the end of this term?
A. are studying B. will study C. will have been studying D. will have studied.
Страдательный залог
(The Passive Voice)
Глагол в английском языке имеет 2 формы залога: действительный (Active) и страдательный (Passive). В предложении с действительным залогом подлежащее обозначает лицо, которое производит действие. Страдательный залог чаще всего употребляется тогда, когда лицо, производящее действие, либо неизвестно, либо несущественно. Подлежащее пассивной конструкции выступает в качестве смыслового центра высказывания. Сравните:
Active Passive
They translate articles every day. Articles are translated every day.
I bought this book yesterday. Th e book was bought yesterday.
She has invited many people to the Many people have been invited
party. to the party.
Mr. Russell will make the opening T he opening speech will be
speech. made by Mr. Russell.
В английском языке страдательный залог употребляется гораздо шире, чем в русском. Это объясняется тем, что в английском языке в страдательном залоге могут употребляться глаголы, принимающие любое дополнение (прямое, косвенное, предложное), тогда как в русском языке в страдательном залоге употребляются только переходные глаголы.
Passive Voice образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be, который выступает в качестве показателя лица, числа и времени, и Past Participle (Participle II) смыслового глагола.
Таблица пассивных форм глагола
| Indefinite | Continuous | Perfect | |
| Present | am is P. II are | am is being P.II are | have been P.II has |
| Past | was P. II were | was being P.II were | had been P.II |
| Future | will be P.II | - | will have been P.II |
| Future-in-the-past | would be P.II | - | would have been P.II |
В вопросительных предложениях меняется порядок слов: вспомогательный глагол ставится перед подлежащим.
Present
I am asked - Am I asked?
The letter is being written. – Is the letter being written?
The letters have been written. – Have the letters been written?
Past
The letters were written. - Were the letters written?
The letter was being written. – Was the letter being written?
The article had been translated. - Had the article been translated?
Future
The letter will be written. – Will the letter be written?
The article will have been translated. – Will the article have been translated?
В отрицательных предложениях частица not ставится после первого вспомогательного глагола.
Present
The letters are written. - The letters are not written.
The school is being built. - The school is not being built.
The articles have been translated. - The articles have not been translated.
Past
The school was built. - The school was not built.
The paper was being typed. - The paper was not being typed.
The work had been done. - The work had not been done.
Future
The school will be built. – The school won’t be built.
The school will have been built. - The school won’t have been built.
Наиболее употребительны в Passive Voice временные формы Present и Рast Indefinite, Present и Past Perfect. Future Perfect редко употребляется в Passive Voice. Вместо него обычно употребляется Future Indefinite. Употребление видо-временных форм точно такое же, как и в действительном залоге.
| Present Indefinite | Letters are typed here every day. Mail is usually delivered in the morning. Is Russia washed by many seas? Cartoons arenot shown at night. |
| Present Continuous | The letter is being typed now. Are my papers being signed at the moment? |
| Present Perfect | The letters have been typed already. Has the mail been delivered yet? His book hasn’t been published yet. |
| Past Indefinite | The letter was typed two hours ago. Letters were not typed here yesterda y. Was the letter sent last week? |
| Past Continuous | The letter was being typed when he came. Was the football game being shown at 5 o’clock yesterday? His letter wasn’tbeing typed when he came. |
| Past Perfect | The letters had been typed by 5 o’clock yesterda y. Had the letters been typed by 5 o’clock yesterday? The letters had notbeen typed by 5 o’clock yesterday. |
| Future Indefinite | The letter will be typed soon. Will the letter be typed tomorrow? The letter will not (won’t) be typed in an hour. |
| Future Perfect | The new school will have been built by September. Will his book have been published by this time next year? Your letter will not (won’t) have been typed by 11 o’clock. |
| Future-in-the-Past | He said his book would be published. We knew that the building of the school would have been finished by September. |