A short glossary of native words




 

Above (a-bufan)

About (a-butan)

Even (aefen), German Aben(d)

After (aefter)

Ought (aZan), OHG eigan

Own (aZen), German eigen

Each (aelc), German jeglich(er)

One (an), German ein, Latin unus, Gothic ains

Any (aenis), German einige

Ask (ascian), OHG eiskon, Russian искать

Awake (a-wacan), German erwachen

Bone (ban), German Bein

Burn (baernan), German brennen

Boat (bat), German Boot

Bathe (baiðan), German baden

Be (beon), German bi(n), Latin fieri, Russian быть

Beard (beard), German bart, Latin barba, Russian борода

Become (be-cuman), German bekommen

Bed (bed), German Bett

Begin (be-Zinnan), German beginnen

Behind (be-hindan), German hinten

Believe (be-lyfan), German glauben

Bright (beorht), ON bjartr

Bear (beran), German (ge)-baren

Beast (beste), Latin bestia

Buy (bycZan), ON buggean, Gothic bindan

Bind (bindan), German binden, Gothic bindan

Birth (Ze-byrd), German Gerburt

Bite (bitan), German beiben

Bitter (biter), German bitter

Blind (blind > blynd), German blind

Blood (blod), German Blut

Book (boc), German Buch, Gothic boka, Latin fagus, Greek phegos

Busy (bisiZ), Dutch bezig

Body (bodiZ), OHG potah

Board (bord), ON boro, Dutch bord

Broad (brad), German breit

Bread (bread), German Brot

Break (brecan), German brechen

Bird (brid), German Brut

Brown (brun), German braun

Care (caru), Gothic kara, Russian печаль

Cold (ceald), ON kala, German kalt, Latin gelu

Choose (ceosan), German keisen, Latin gustare, Greek géuein

Keep (cepan)

Child (cild)

King (cyninZ), German König, ON konungr, Russian князь

Cloth (clāð), German Kleid

Know (knawan), Latin noscere, Greek gignōskein, Russian знать

Craft (crāēft), German Kraft

Can (cunnan), German können

Queen (cwēn), Gothic gēns, Greek gynē, Russian жена

Quick (cwic), Greek bios, Latin vīvus, Russian живой

Day (daeZ), German Tag, Gothic dags

Dead (dēad), German tot, Gothic dauþs

Deep (dēop), German tier, Gothic dius, Russian дух, душа

Dark (deorc), OHG tarch

Doom (dēm), German tum

Do (dōn), German tun, Russian деть (< дъть)

Drink (drincan), German trinken, Swedish dricka

Drop (dropa), German tropfen

Dare (durran), OHG turran

Dwell (dwellan), OHG twellen – медлить, мешать

Eight (eahta), German acht, Latin octo, Greek okto, Slavonic осмь

All (eal), German all, ON allr

Old (eald), German alt

Ear (eare), German Ohr, Latin auris, Russian ухо

Arm (ēarm), German Arm, ON armr, Slavonic ormo (рамо)

East (ēāst), German ost, Latin aurōra, ON austr

Easter (ēāstru), German Ostern

Even (efne)

End (ende), German Ende

Earnest (eornost), German ernst

Earth (eorðe), German Erde, ON jord

Eat (eatan), German essen, ON eta, Latin edere, Russian есть

Father (faeder), German Vater, ON faðir, Gothic fadar, Latin pater, Greek patér, Sansckr. pitar

Fair (faeZer), OHG fagar, ON fagr

Fear (faer), German Gefahr

Fare (faran), German fahren, Russian переть

Fast (faest), German Fest

Fat (fāēt), German feist

Fold (fealdan), German falten

Feed (fēdan), OHG fuoten

Feel (felan), German fühlen

Fee (feoh), German Vieh, Latin pecus

Four (fēōwer), German vier, Latin quattuor, Russian четыре

Feather (feðer), German Feder, Greek pteron, Russian птица

Five (fīf), German fünf, Latin quinque, Greek pénte, Russian пять

Fell (fyllan), German fällen

Find (findan), German finden

Finger (finZer), German Finger

Fire (fyr), German Feuer, Greek pûr, Russian пиро-

First (fyrst), German Fürst – князь

Fish (fisc), German Fisch, Gothic fiscs, Latin piscis

Flesh (flāēsc), German Fleisch, ON flesk – свинина

Fly (flēōZan), fliegen, OHG fljuga

Flat (flet), German Flötz – пол

Flight (flyht), German Flucht – бегство

Flood (flōd), German flut, Greek plōtós – плавучий

Float (flota), German Floss, fließen, Greek plé(w)ein, Russian плыть

Folk (folc), German Volk, ON tolk

Follow (folZian), German folgen

For (for), German vor, für, Latin pro, Russian про

Forgive (for-Zifan), German vergeben

Forget (for-Zytan), German vergessen

Frost (forst, frost), German Frost

Foot (fot), German Fuß, Latin pes, Greek pous, Russian под

Free (frēo), German frei, Gothic freis

Friend (freond), German Freund, ON frændi – родич, Russian приятель

Fowl (fuZol), German Vogel

Full (ful), German voll, Gothic fulls, Latin plēnus, Russian полный

Game (Zamen), OHG gaman, ON gaman

Go (Zan), German gehen

Ghōst (Zāst), German Geist

Year (Zear), German Yahr

Young (ZеоnZ), German jung, Latin juvencus, Russian юный

Yard (Zyrd), German Gerte, Russian жердь

Girl (gyrel)

Glad (Zlæd), German glatt, Latin glaber, Russian гладкий

Glass (Zlæs), German Glas

God (Zod), German Gott, ON guð, Gothic guþ

Good (Zod), German gut, ON goðr, Gothic goþs, Russian годный

Gold (Zold), German Gold, Gothic gulþ, Russian золото

Grey (ZræZ), German grau, ON grar

Grass (Zræs), German Gras

Great (Zrēat), German groß

Green (Zrēne), German grün

Greet (Zrētan), German grüßen, ON grōtian

Ground (Zrund), German Grund

Have (habban), German haben, ON hafa

Whole (hāl), German heil, Gothic hails, Russian целый

Holy (hāliZ), German heilig, ON heilagr

Health (haelou) спасение, Modern English – здоровье

Home (hām), German Heim, ON heimr, Gothic haims

Hand (hand), German Hand, Gothic handus, ON hond

Hot (hāt), German heiß

Hot (hæt), ON hottr

He (hē), Dutch he

Head (hēāfod), German Haupt, ON haufoð, Gothic haubiþ

High (heah), German hoch, ON hár, Gothic hauhs, ON haugr, Russian курган

Hold (hēaldan), German halten, ON halda, Gothic haldan

Half (healf), German Halb, ON halfr, Gothic halbs

Heap (heap), German Haufe

Hard (heard), German hart, ON harðr, Greek kratus

Harm (hearm), German Harm, ON harmar

Heavy (hefiZ), OHG hefiZ, ON hofugr

Hell (hel), German Hölle, Gothic halja

Help (helpan), German helfen, Gothic hilpan

Hen (hen), German Hahn, Latin canere – петь, Russian петух, Old Slavonic пътель

Heaven (heofon), German Himmel, ON himinn

Heart (heorte), German Herz, ON hjarta, Latin cor, Greek kardia, Russian сердце

Hide (hydan)

Hear (hyran), German hören, Gothic hausjan, Greek akoúein, Russian акустика

Loaf (hlāf), German Laib, Gothic hlaifs, Russian хлеб

Lady (hlæfdiZe) – hlāf + diZe – несящая хлеб, Gothic diZan – месить

Lord (hlāford) – hlāf + weard – хранить хлеб

Laugh (hlyhhan), German lachen, Gothic hlahjan

Loud (hlūd), German laut, Russian слыть, слово, слух; Latin cluere – слыть, зваться; Greek kle(w)os, kluein – слышать

Hood (hōd), German Hut

Hole (hol), German Hohl

Hope (hopian), German hoffen

Horse (hors), German Ross (hros), ON hross

Ring (hrinZ), German Ring, ON hringr, Old Slavonic, Russian круг

Ring (hrinZan), ON hringja – звенеть

Rush (hryscan), German rauschen – шелестеть

Roof (hrōf), ON hróf, Russian кров

Hound (hund), German Hund, Latin canis, Greek kuōn

Hundred (hund-red), German Hundert, Russian сто, Latin centum, Greek (he)-katon, Sanskr. catam

Hunger (hunZor), German Hunger, ON hungr

Honey (huniZ), German Honig, ON hunang

Hunt (huntian)

House (hūs), German Haus, ON hús

Wheat (hwæte), German Weizen, Gothic hwaiteis, German Weizen

White (hwit), German weiß, ON hvitr, Russian светлый

I (ic), German Ich, Gothic ik, Latin ego, Russian азъ(я)

Idle (idel), German eitel

Evil (yfel), German übel

Load (laedan), German leiten

Leave (læfan), German bleiben, Gothic (bi)-laibjan, ON leifa

Lame (lama), German lahm, ON lami

Land (land), German Land, ON land, Gothic land

Long (lanZ), German lang, ON langr, Latin longus

Let (lætan), German lassen, ON lata, Gothic letan

Lay (lēcZan), German legen

Lie (lēoZan), German lügen, Russian лъгати

Light (lecht), German Licht, Latin lux, Greek leukos, Russian луч

Light (lēoht), German leicht, ON lettr, Gothic leichts

Learn (leornian), German lernen

Lat (lettan)

Live (libban), German leben, ON lifa

Like (līcian), OHG lihhen, ON lika

Lip (lippa), German Lippe, Swedian läpp, Latin labia, Russian лепет

Little (lytel), ON luttil, Dutch lutel, OHG luzzil

Lock (loc), German Loch

Look (lōcian)

Lose (losian)

Love (lufian), German lieben

May (maZan), German mögen, Russian мочь

Man (man), German Mann, ON maor

Mean (mænam), German meinen

Many (maniZ), German manch, Russian многий

Milk (meolc), German Milch, Gothic miluks

Meet (metan), ON moeta

Meat (mete), ON matr, Gothic mats

Much (micel), Gothic mikils, Greek megas

Middle (middel), German mittel

Might (mihtiZ), German mächtig

Mild (milde), German Mild, ON mildr

Mind (Ze-mynd), Gothic gamunds, Russian память

Murder (myrðran)

Miss (mis), ON missir

Mood (mōd), German Mut, Gothic moþs

Mother (mōdor), German Mutter, Latin Mater, Greek mētēr, Sanskr. mātár, Russian мать

Moon (mōna), German Mond, Latin mensis, Greek mēns

Month (monað), German Monat, Gothic mēnoþs

Must (mob), German mub

Mouse (mūs), German Maus, Latin mus, Russian мышь

Mouth (mūð), German Mund, ON munnr, Gothic munþs

Naked (nacod), German nackt, Gothic naqa s, Russian нагой

Needle (nāēdl), German Nadel, ON nál

Name (nama), German Name, Gothic namo, Latin nomen

Neighbour (neah-Ze-bur), German Nachbar

Need (nyd), German Not, ON nauðr, Russian нужда

Night (niht), German Nacht, Gothic nahts, Russian ночь, Latin nox

New (niwe), German neu, Latin novus, Greek neos, Russian новый

Enough (Ze-noZ), German genu

North (norð), German Nord

Nose (nosu), German Nase, ON nos, Russian нос

Now (nū), Latin nu(nc), Russian ны(не)

Over (ofer), German über, ober, Greek huper, ON yfir, Gothic ufar

Often (oft), German oft, Gothic ufta

Penny (penninZ), German Pfenig, ON penningr

Play (pleZian)

Pull (pullian), Low German pulen, Danish dial. pulle

Road (rād), OHG reita, ON reið

Read (rае-dan), German raten, ON ráða

Ready (rae-de), ON greiðr, OHG reiti

Red (rēad), German rot, ON rauor, Gothic rauþs, Greek eruthros, Russian рдеть, Ukranian рудий

Rest (rest), German Rast, Gothic rasta

Ride (rīdan), German reiten, ON riða

Right (riht), German Recht, ON réttr, Latin rectus

Run (rinnan), German rinnen, ON rinna

Rock (roccian), ON rukkian, Danish rokke

Roast (roost), OHG rost

Root (rote), ON róta, Latin radix

Rough (ruh), German rauh

Sea (sāē), German See, ON sāēr, Gothic saiw

Sad (saed), German satt, Latin sat(is), Russian сытый

Silly (sāēliZ), German selig – блаженный

Sand (sand), German Sand, ON sandr

Song (sanZ), German Sang

Sore (sār), German sehr

Sorry (sāriZ), Swedish sarig – больной

Soul (sāwol), German Seele

Shake (scacan), ON skaka

Shame (scamu), German Scham

Sheep (scēāp), German Schaf

Sharp (scēārp), German Scharf

Show (scēāwian), German schauen

Shoot (scēotan), German scheißen

Shilling (scillinZ), German Schilling

Shine (scīnan), German scheinen

Thank (þancian), German danken, ON þakka

There (þaer), German da

That (þaet)

Think (þenkan), German denken, ON þekka

Thief (þeof), German Dieb

Thick (þicce), German dick

Thing (þinZ), German Ding, ON þing

Throw (þrāwan), German drehen

Three (þri, þry, þreo), German drei, Latin tres, Russian три

Thousand (þūsend), German tausend, Gothic þusundi, Russian тысяча

Under (under), German unter, ON undir

Up (ūp), German auf

Our (ūre), German unser

Out (ūt), German ous

Woe (wa), German Weh

Wake (wacan), German wachen, ON vaka

Watch (wæccan), German wachen

Wander (wandrian), German wandern

Weapon (wæpu), German Waffe

Wash (wascan), German waschen

Wet (waetan), ON vatr

Water (wæter), German Wasser, Greek hudor, Latin unda, Russian вода

We (we), German wir (uns), Latin nos, Sanskr. nas, Russian нас

Ward (weard), German Wart, ON wart

Way (weZ), German Weg, ON vegr

Work (weorc), German Werk, ON verk, Greek ergon < wergon

Was (were) – (wesan), German ist, Greek esti, Sanskr. asti, Latin sum, Russian есмь

West (west), German West, ON vestr

Wide (wīd), German weit

Wife (wīf), German Weib, ON vīf

Will (willan), German wollen, Latin velle, Russian велеть

Wild (wilde), German wild, ON villr

Win (winnan), German gewinnen

Wind (wind), German Wind, Latin ventus, Russian ветер

Winter (winter), German Winter, Danish vinter

Wise (wise), German Weise

Wit (wit), German Witz

Word (word), German Wort, Latin verbum

World (woruld), German Welt

Write (writan), German reiten, ON rita

Wood (wudu), OHG witu, ON vior

Widow (wuduwe), German Wittwe, Latin Vidua, Russian вдова

Wound (wund), German wunde

Wonder (wundrian), German wundern



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