PRESENTATION TIPS
Structuring a presentation
Most formal – and many informal – presentations have three main parts and follow this simple formula:
- Tell the audience what you are going to say! = Introduction
- Say it! = Main part
- Tell them what you said! = Conclusion
USEFUL VOCABULARY
Welcoming the audience
Good morning/afternoon, ladies and gentlemen.
Hello / Hi, everyone.
First of all, let me thank you all for coming here today.
Introducing yourself
Let me introduce myself. I’m …. from…
For those of you who don’t know me, my name‘s…
Saying what your topic is
As you can see on the screen, our topic today is…
Today’s topic is…
What I’d like to present to you today is…
The subject of my presentation is…
You also tell the audience (briefly) how the talk is structured.
I’ve divided my presentation into three (main) parts: x, y, z..
First (of all), I’ll be looking at…, second …, and third …
I’ll begin by explaining…
Then / Next / After that, I’ll go on to …
Finally, I’ll offer some solutions.
referring back As I mentioned before,…
summarizing a point I’d like to sum up the main points.
Talking about (difficult) issues:
to identify the problem, to deal with the problem of, to solve the problem. References to other points:
in connection with / concerning, according to.
Adding ideas:
in addition to…, Moreover / Furthermore, As well as that, Apart from.
Signalling the end of the presentation
As a final point, I’d like to…
Summarizing the main points
To sum up then, we…
Just to summarize the main points of my talk…
Recommending or suggesting something
We’d suggest…
In my opinion, we should…
What I’d like to suggest is…
Inviting questions
Are there any questions?
We just have time for a few questions.
USING VISUAL AIDS EFFECTIVELY
1 Prepare each visual carefully and separately.
2 Check whether the visual really shows what you are saying.
3 Make sure your audience can read the visual (font size and colours).
4 Find effective headlines.
5 Keep design and content simple.
6 Use bullet charts for text.
7 Reduce text to a minimum.
8 Always prepare audience for visuals.
9 Present information clearly and logically.
10 Use the same key words and phrases you used on your bullet charts.
11 Remember the rule of six.
The Rule of Six
When presenting text on overheads or PowerPoint slides, it is a good idea to use the rule of six which means:
∙ a maximum of six lines per slide
∙ a maximum of six words per line
Talking about visuals
Explaining a visual
Let’s now look at the next slide which shows…
First, let me quickly explain the graph.
You can see that different colours have been used to indicate…
Highlighting information
I’d like to focus your attention on…
Let’s look more closely at…
GIVING A PRESENTATION
PRESENTATION DIRECTIONS
PREPARATION AND PROCEDURE:
Step 1. Study the list of basic words and phrases and practice using them in the sentences of your own. Use these words and phrases while giving a presentation of your own.
Step 2. Determine the key points of your presentation.
Step 3. Make an outline of your presentation or lecture. The main items are:
- Introduction.
- The main body.
It includes 3 or 4 key points followed by explanation and examples.
- Conclusion.
Step 4. Make slides using PowerPoint programme to support your presentation.
Note:
- Each slide should contain not more than five or six key statements.
- Tables and graphs are preferable to words.
- The text should be easily readable in distance.
Step 5. Arrange slides in the following order:
- The topic of presentation or lecture and the name and position of the speaker / lecturer, (one slide);
- The outline of the lecture (one slide);
- Several slides illustrating the key points of the lecture;
IV. Summary (one slide).
Step 6. Make your presentation.
Step 7. Be ready to answer questions on the topic of your presentation or lecture
Basic structures
I
| (Форма высказ.) | Вопрос | Утверждение | Отрицание | (Времена) |
| WILL | I You We They love He She It | I You We They will love He She It | I You We They will not love He She It | Будущее |
| DO DOES | I love You love We love They love He love She love It love | I love You love We love They love He loves She loves It loves | I don’t love You don’t love We don’tlove They don’tlove He doesn’t love She doesn’t love It doesn’t love | Настоящее |
| DID | I You We They love He She It | I You We They love d He saw She It | I You We They didn’t love He She It | Прошедшее |
II Местоимения
| Кто? | Кого? Кому? | Чей? |
| I you he she we they | me you him her us them | my your his her our their |
III Вопросительные слова
| What? Who? Where? When? Why? How? | Что? Какой? Кто? Где? Куда? Когда? Зачем? Почему? Как? Каким образом? |
Глагол “to be” – быть, находиться, являться. В отлич. от русс.яз. используется всегда. Означает не действие, а состояние. (Схема I) (to be – am, is, are – was, were)
| (Форма высказ.) | Вопрос | Утверждение | Отрицание | (Времена) |
| WILL | I he she it BE you we they | I He She It will BE You We They | I He She It will not BE You We They | Будущее |
| am I he is she it you are we they | I am He She is It You We are They | I am He She is NOT It You We are They | Настоящее | |
| I he was she it you were we they | I He She was It You We were They | I He was She It NOT You We were They | Прошедшее |
Глагол ‘to have’ (см.схема I) (to have – has – had)
| (Форма высказ.) | Вопрос | Утверждение | Отрицание | (Времена) |
| WILL | I You We They have He She It | I You We They will have He She It | I You We They will not have He She It | Будущее |
| DO DOES | I have You have We have They have He have She have It have | I have You have We have They have He has She has It has | I don’t have You don’t have We don’thave They don’thave He doesn’t have She doesn’t have It doesn’t have | Настоящее |
| DID | I You We They have He She It | I You We They had He She It | I You We They didn’t have He She It | Прошедшее |
BE + ing = Progressive (действие в процессе)
BE + 3 ф.гл. = Passive Voice
HAVE + 3 ф.гл. = Perfect (имеется результат действия)
Слова-параметры
| О людях | О вещах | О пространстве | О времени |
| Everybody (все) Somebody (кто-то, кое-кто) Nobody (никто) | Everything Something Nothing (ничего) | Everywhere Somewhere Nowhere (нигде, никуда) | Always Sometimes Never |
How much (little) - How many (few) Any (любой) - some / a few
Time days, hours (некоторое количество/несколько)
Money dollars
Love people
Слова, обозначающие частоту
Often –usually-seldom
Most often
More or less
Возвратные местоимения «сам, сами»
(Do it yourself.) I’ll do it myself
You - yourself
She - herself
He - himself
It - itself
We - oursel ves
You - yoursel ves (вы сами)
They - themsel ves