Найдите герундиальные обороты, определите функцию оборота в предложении. Найдите субъект или объект действия герундия. Переведите.
1. We object to the meeting being postponed.
2. Dr. Brown’s being absent was very strange.
3. These substances are alike in having high melting points.
4. This depends on the atomic weights of these substances being equal.
5. He insisted on his being examined by a physician.
6. Besides being important for industry oxygen is also important for medicine.
7. In addition to depending upon the acceleration, force also depends upon the mass of the object.
8. Aside from being one of the few known thirdorder gas reactions the reaction
of NO and O2 is also one whose rate decreases with increase in temperature.
9. Mme Curie's having discovered radium enabled her to isolate other radioactive elements.
10. In spite of not having any university education, Faraday made his great discoveries.
11. So far only the quantum theory has succeeded in giving a satisfactory explanation.
12. They objected to the data being published before all the experiments were completed.
13. There is little probability of atmosphere being on that planet.
14. In addition to being both creative writer and critic he is also a scholar.
15. His output of dramatic work has been great, but it shows every sign of having been thoughtfully and conscientiously carried out.
16. The molecules of a polar substance because of their being reactive combine with one another.
17. Combustion may be incomplete owing to insufficient oxygen being present.
Переведите на английский, используя герундиальные обороты.
1. Мы заинтересованы в том, чтобы нас пригласили на это обсуждение.
2. Мы заинтересованы в том, чтобы его пригласили на это обсуждение.
3. Это привело к тому, что они изменили (эту) схему. 4. Это привело к изменению всех планов.5. Я настаиваю на том, чтобы это упражнение было сделано письменно. 6. Я настаиваю на том, чтобы вы сделали это упражнение письменно. 7. Применение этого метода привело нас к успеху. 8. То, что мы применили этот сложный метод, оказалось успехом. 9. Я думаю о возможности поехать на конференцию. 10. Мой научный руководитель рассматривает возможность того, что я поеду на конференцию.11. Цель нашей работы заключается в изучении этого явления. 12 Цель работы в том, чтобы мы получили лучшие результаты.
Найдите герундиальные обороты. Определите, функцию в предложении. Переведите.
1. So far only the quantum theory has succeeded in giving a satisfactory explanation.
2. These are the chief causes of crude rubber (сырой каучук) being used.
3. The alkali metals are remarkable in being so light that they float on water.
4. We account for the incompleteness of a reaction by its being reversible.
5. The possibility of there being life on Mars is very doubtful.
6. Einstein's being awarded the Nobel Prize in physics soon became widely known.
7. Adding more turns makes the magnetic field stronger.
8. Iron is covered with a thin layer of tin олово) to prevent it from rusting, for tin does not rust on exposure to air.
9. It is perhaps worth while considering more carefully at this point the attraction of a magnet to a piece of iron.
10. All alkali metals resemble each other in having low melting points.
11. The regular array of atoms in the lattice results in there being certain sets of parallel and equally spaced planes in the crystal which will contain large numbers of atoms.
12. To a large extent the skilled analyst's productivity may be attributed to his having acquired, through many repetitions, the necessary technique.
13. Neither perchloric acid nor the periodic acid are per-acids in the sense of being structurally related to hydrogen peroxide.
14. Many properties of HCl lead us to believe that instead of being composed of ions like the salts it probably contains only molecules when in free state.
15. Emulsoid particles, instead of being definitely charged, either positively or negatively, are usually of indefinite or variable charge.
16. Both selenium and tellurium are alike in being monatomic at 2000°.
17. In order to calculate the motion of an electron, we must investigate the accompanying wave motion instead of using classical point mechanics.
18. Most actual crystals are imperfect, owing to being grown under conditions in which solid material is somewhat impeded in reaching and being deposited on certain faces
A. Identify the structures and give Russian equivalents.
1. Everything must have a beginning.
2. Being in London he visited Westminster Abbey.
3. A man should be viewed as a free, rational being possessing a free will.
4. Fortran has become a widely accepted programming language of the coding of mathematical applications.
5. We rely on the experiment having been conducted correctly.
6. The problem, however, is in not dividing a structure.
7. A system analyst spends much of a working day interviewing people.
8. It is correct to say that basic research is directed toward understanding the phenomena of nature without taking into account their practical applicability.
9. Finding an adequate solution to this most urgent technological problem will surely require making more effort.
10. An understanding of these particles, in spite of their being connected with the basic forces of the universe, presents a tremendous challenge to the human intellect.
11. Today we cannot help witnessing (видеть, наблюдать) a tendency in science to direct the collective efforts of a research team at the achievement of a common goal.
12. Let's proceed by dividing research into three stages and examining each stage to find what functions of the research process may be automated without endangering (подвергать опасности) creativity.
13. After all in sport what really counts is not the winning, but the playing.
14. Such a configuration, in addition to being amenable (поддаваться) to analytical treatment, has significant practical importance.
15. Being interested in the subject which you ate studying is the best motivation for learning it.
16. Fundamental research is that which you undertake without caring whether the results will be of practical value or not.
17. The difference between the two values probably accounts for the measured sensitivity being higher than that predicted by theory.
18. The scientist and public must equally share the responsibility for finding a desirable solution for many modern technological and social problems.
19. The test consists of repeated measurements of intensity with various sizes of apertures (отверстия) being used.
20. In determining the mechanism of genetic information transmission biochemists have observed that "the language of life" is really a simple and elegant code.
21. Man's principal function in space being maintenance and repair work is beyond any doubt.
22. Taking into account individual components resulted in a radical change of the entire system.
23. Several review committees were formed, including a special environmental group.
24. Increasing the amount of available technical information scientists also contribute to transformation of some well-rooted beliefs.
25. A few more functional elements, germanium perhaps being a good candidate, may be discovered in the future.
26. The most interesting of these phenomena is the reduction of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur, each concentrated at a different interface, two being out of immediate contact with air.
27. Being appointed head of the department, Dr. Blume resumed his work on atomic collisions. Dr. Blume’s being appointed head of the department was quite unexpected.
B. Give English equivalents of the sentences.
1. Руководитель работы всегда настаивал на проверке полученных результатов. 2. Такая проверка имела целью исключить случайные ошибки(eliminate the random errors) и помогла получить надежные данные. 3. Присутствие примеси в образцах помешало получить воспроизводимые результаты. 4. Каждое новое открытие приводит к возникновению(appear, arise) новых областей исследования. 5. Коренные (indigenous) изменения в такой традиционно экспериментальной науке, как химия, явились результатом применения в ней квантовой теории. 6. Через несколько лет ученому удалось получить экспериментальные результаты, подтверждающие эту теорию. 7. Ученые многих стран занимаются изучением этого явления и должны в равной мере нести ответственность за применение его возможных результатов на практике. 8. Мысль о том, что ученые и общественность несут ответственность за решение этой проблемы, кажется вполне логичной в настоящее время. 9. История изучения пульсаров началась в 1968 году с того, что радиоастрономы объявили об открытии необычного класса объектов. 10. Эти объекты получили шутливое название "пульсары", причем это название быстро стало стандартным термином. 11. Считают, что каждое исследование начинается с постановки ученым проблемы. 12. Ученый получил новые доказательства того, что его гипотеза верна. 13. Так как большинство субатомных частиц имеет очень короткий период жизни, электрон, протон и нейтрон остаются основными объектами изучения в электронике.