1) Several years ago Mark Twain arrived in Washington where he was to change buses.
At the railway station there were many people trying to get into the train. 3. Mark Twain bought the ticket in the booking office. 4. There were many vacant seats in the train. 5. Mark Twain was very disappointed that nobody recognized him. 6. The conductor offered Mark Twain and his companion the big family compartment in the sleeping car. 7. The conductor’s name was Tom. 8. There were four berths and two chairs in the compartment. 9. Mark Twain asked the porter to repair the berth. 10. The porter tried to please Mark Twain because he thought him to be Mayor of New York.
II. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на многофункциональность глаголов to be и to have.
1. Open-type passenger car has nine six-berth compartments. 2. Many new electronic devices have been developed to provide the safety of high -speed traffic. 3. He had to take the whole device apart to discover the cause of the trouble. 4. The plane was to leave at midnight but its departure was delayed because of a heavy fog. 5. Although the railways are the main cargo haulers, motor transport carries the greatest number of passengers.
III. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление инфинитива (The Infinitive).
1. The purpose of a tilting system is to ensure fast and smooth running of the train on curves. 2. To carry all kinds of bulky materials that cannot be exposed to the weather railroads use covered hopper cars. 3. It is impossible to move at the same speed along the whole route as it has some curves and up-grades. 4. Will you try to find out what time the plane arrives at the airport? 5. In planning a railway route the main factors to be taken into account are the cost of constructing a line, the cost of operating it and the probable volume of traffic.
IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление инфинитивной конструкции Сложное подлежащее (The Complex Subject).
1. The train is unlikely to reach the destination on time. 2. The electric locomotive’s service life is said to be about 30 years. 3. Firms from more than 20 countries are expected to take part in the next international rail exhibition in Moscow. 4. Bad weather sometimes happens to result in a flight delay. 5. The French super-train “Aquitaine” was reported to cover the 580 km distance from Paris to Bordeaux non-stop in four hours.
V. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление инфинитивной конструкции Сложное дополнение (The Complex Object).
1. They suppose him to cope with this work. 2. A taxi driver refused to take a check; he wanted the passenger to pay in cash. 3. The application of the air brake causes the train to stop rather quickly. 4. We did not expect you to come to see us off. 5. The owner of the motor car wanted the old engine to be replaced.
VI. Укажите, чем выражено определение в следующих словосочетаниях и переведите их.
1) the destroyed bridge; 2) the better-quality fuel; 3) the project of upgrading the terminal; 4) the train moving on schedule; 5) the engine trouble; 6) the life-expired equipment to be replaced; 7) the railway line laid down through forests and marshes; 8) cellular communication; 9) the possibility of applying atomic energy as motive power for locomotives; 10) train speed restriction signs.
VII. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на разные типы условных предложений.
1. If I were you, I would learn to drive a car. 2. If he had come a minute later, he would have missed the trains. 3. Had he used new materials, the device would have been more reliable. 4. If the track were not properly repaired and maintained, it would be dangerous for trains to run upon it. 5. If the transportation costs are reduced, the total costs of the commodity will be reduced too.
VIII. Задайте вопросы к подчёркнутым словам (если подчёркнуто сказуемое,то
задайте общий вопрос).
1. The traffic will be stopped tomorrow because of track repair work. 2. The seats in the front of the bus are for old people and passengers with children. 3. Hungary is situated in thecenter of international trade routes that is why freight traffic is constantly increasing. 4. All passengers must fasten their safety belts when the plane takes off or lands. 5. They need two days to finish their work. 6. For several miles the road runs through a thick forest. 7. There was a traffic accident on the road. 8. They showed Helen the nearest way to the terminal.
IX. Перепишите и переведите текст.
IN THE COACH YARD
(after A. Saxton)
In the spring of that year, Pledger McAdams returned to his old job as car repairman in the coach yard of the Great Midland Railway. Through the long afternoons, he and his partner worked down in the wheel pit, fixing the axles and wheels of the damaged cars. Their young assistant gave them tools looking down and trying to follow the work. Pledger was glad to return to his trade again after three years. He was singing to pass the time, and as he worked, he looked forward to supper hour to eat the cake and sandwiches his wife had given him. When
the eight o’clock whistle blew, Pledger went out of the pit, stretching and yawning. He and his assistant poured water on their hands, trying to wash the grease off. Pledger ’s partner walked off into the coach yard, and returned after a few minutes with a bottle of coffee.
They sat down on the bench outside the wheel pit house* to eat their sandwiches. In front of them, the workers’ gang was making up the midnight express. The coach cleaners scrubbed the sides of the cars with their long-handled brushes, while the Pullman commissary men** pushed along trucks loaded with bedding and food. From the rear of the train, Pledger saw the little carknocker*** going along the train, tapping the wheels with his hammer and flashing his lantern at the coupling connections. When the carknocker reached the head end of coaches the diesel locomotive arrived, and the carknocker eased it**** towards the train with motions of his lantern until the coupling knuckles***** clanged together. Then, setting his lantern on the ground, he crawled between the engine and the cars to hook up the air hose****** and safety chains*******.
In the cab window, Pledger saw the engine driver leaning on his elbow smoking a pipe, while the night yard foreman stood around beside the engine, waving his arms and yelling. The carknocker came out from between the cars, blew out his lantern, and walked over to the bench by the wheel-pit house, where Pledger was waiting for him.
Notes: *wheel pit house –ремонтная мастерская
**Pullman commissary man – экипировщик спальных вагонов
***carknocker – осмотрщик вагонов
****to ease smth to smth – осторожно подвести что-либо к чему-либо
*****coupling knuckle – коготь автосцепки
******air hose – рукав (шланг) для сжатого воздуха
*******safety chain – предохранительная (запасная) цепь