As my researches of fundamental physical constants showed [1, 2, 3, 4], that dimensional constants G, h, c are not independent. None of them is primary. It was very unexpected to find out, that gravitational constant (G) is compound [1, 2, 3, 4]. More then that, it was discovered, that gravitational constant (G) includes both Planck constant (h), and speed of light (c) [1, 3, 4]. This is the reason, why constants (G, h, c) can not be a constant base for quantum theory. Therefore it is not strange, that attempts of creation of (G, h, c)-theories are unsuccessful. Interdependent, unprimary, and nonfundamental constants can not be a constant base for fundamental physical theory.
Researches have shown, that truly fundamental are not constants G, h, c, but quite other constants [1, 2, 3, 4]. They are the following constants:
1. Fundamental quantum of action hu (hu=7,69558071(63) • 10-37 J s).
2. Fundamental length lu (lu=2,817940285(31) • 10-15 m).
3. Fundamental quantum of time tu (tu=0,939963701(11) • 10-23 s).
4. Fine structure constant ( =7,297352533(27) • 10-3)
5. Number ( =3,141592653589).
They were called universal superconstants, which emphasizes their fundamentality [1]. All physical constants are expressed, using five superconstants hu, lu, tu, , . Table 1 shows some functional dependences for major fundamental physical constants [1, 2, 3, 4]:
TAB. 1.
Quantity | Symbol | Functional dependence |
Constant of gravitation | G | G=f(hu,lu,tu, , ) |
Speed of light | c | c= f(lu,tu) |
Planck constant | H | h= f(hu, , ) |
Elementary charge | Е | e=f(hu,lu,tu) |
Electron mass | me | me=f(hu,lu,tu) |
Rydberg constant | =f(lu, , ) | |
Proton-electron mass ratio | mp/me | mp/me=f(, ) |
Hubble constant | H0 | H0 =f(tu, , ) |
Planck mass | mpl | mpl=f(hu,lu,tu, , ) |
Planck length | lpl | lpl=f(lu, , ) |
Planck time | tpl | tpl=f(tu, , ) |
Magnetic flux quantum | =f(hu,lu,tu, , ) | |
Bohr magneton | = f(hu,lu,tu, ) |
Researches have shown, that in base of practically all major physical constants these five universal superconstants lie. So, known today family of physical constant assumes reduction to primary superconstant base, because it originates from this primary (hu, lu, tu, , )- basis:
As far as magnetic and electric constants do not have physical sense and their introduction is conditioned by only unit-s system selection, physical and astrophysical constants assume reduction to five primary superconstants. Primary, ontological status of universal superconstants allows referring superconstants to separate class of fundamental physical constants. To my mind, we should include to list of fundamental physical constant a new paragraph: "Universal superconstants":
Universal superconstants | ||||
Quantity | Symbol | Value | Unit | |
Fundamental quantum | hu | 7,69558071(63) • 10-37 | J s | |
Fundamental length | lu | 2,817940285(31) • 10-15 | m | |
Fundamental time | tu | 0,939963701(11) • 10-23 | s | |
Fine structure constant | 7,297352533(27) • 10-3 | |||
Pi | 3,141592653589... |
Emphasizing of special paragraph "Universal superconstants" can be substantiating by following considerations. Five superconstants, included in superconstant basis, are primary constants. All other fundamental physical constants are compound constants and have secondary status. They can be deduced on the base of primary superconstants hu, lu, tu, , . We can deduce by analytic computation practically all major fundamental physical constants, using five superconstants. The author has received proper mathematical correlations for calculation of fundamental physical constant values, using superconstants [1, 2, 3, 4]. To my mind, these five universal superconstants can substitute a big list of electromagnetic, universal, atomic and nuclear constants and become a base of new physical theories of field, elementary particles and gravitation. More detailed information of superconstants you can find on sites:
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https://www.sciteclibrary.com/
www.photcoef.com/236.html
www.jsup.or.jp/shiryo/PDF/0900z53.pdf
https://www.rusnauka.narod.ru/
https://www.sciteclibrary.com/rus/catalog/pages/2017.html
https://www.n-t.org/tp/ng/nfk.htm
Ontological status of superconstants hu, lu, tu, ,
Five superconstants (hu, lu, tu, , ) are ontological basis of physical constants. It means, that physical constants originate from five superconstants. All of five superconstants are independent. It is impossible to get dimensionless superconstants, using dimensional superconstants. It is impossible to get dimensional superconstants, using dimensionless superconstants
The principles of superconstant sufficiency for physical constant are formulated in [1, 2]. The first principle of superconstant sufficiency is: "In the base of dimensional fundamental physical constants lie the constants of universal superconstants hu, lu, tu, , group". It is an equivalent formulation: "Values of dimensional fundamental physical constant can be received by calculation, using universal superconstants hu, lu, tu, , ".
The second principle of superconstant sufficiency is: "In the base of all dimensionless fundamental physical constants lie two superconstants and ". It is an equivalent formulation: "All dimensionless fundamental physical constants can be received by calculation, using two superconstants and ".
So, five superconstants hu, lu, tu, , are truly fundamental. They have ontological status. The conclusion is, that it was no reason to call other physical constants fundamental
Literature
2. Kosinov N. Five FundamentalConstants of Vacuum, Lying in the Base of allPhysicalLaws, Constants and Formulas // PhysicalVacuum and Nature. v 2000. -N4. - Я. 96 - 102.
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4. Kosinov N. V., Kosinova Z. N. GENERAL CORRELATION AMONG FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICAL CONSTANTS // Journal of New Energy. v 2000. - Vol. 5. v ¦ 1. v Pp. 134 -135.
6. Peter J., Taylor M. N., Taylor B. N. CODATA Recommended Values of the FundamentalPhysicalConstants: 1998 // Reviews of Modern Physihs. v 2000. - Vol72. - No. 2. - www.physics.nist.gov/constants (Constants in the category "All constants")
10. Carter J. The Other Theory of Physics. - Washington, 1994.
12. John Baez. How Many Fundamental Constants Are There? - https://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/constants.html
13. Johnson G. 10 Physics Questions to Ponder for a Millennium or Two // New York Times. v 2000. - Aug. 15
14. Gross D. Millennium Madness: Physics Problems for the Next Millenium. - Strings 2000 conference at University of Michigan. v 2000. - July 10-15