The Environment.
Brush up your vocabulary
Match the words with their definitions (Сопоставьте слова с их определениями). Пишем не только цифры и буквы, а полностью слова и словосочетания.
| 1.extinct | a. a person who kills wildlife illegally |
| 2.pollution | b. an electricity generation station which uses radioactive fuel to drive the generators |
| 3.ozone layer | c. no longer existing, as an animal species |
| 4.poacher | d. the damage done to air, water or soil by the addition of harmful chemicals |
| 5.habitat | e. the part of the Earth which contains all the living creatures |
| 6.biosphere | f. the process of treating paper, plastic and metals so that they can be used again |
| 7. acid rain | g. the raising of the temperature of the earth’s atmosphere caused by the burning of fossil fuels and increased amount of gases such as carbon dioxide |
| 8.nuclear power station | h. the natural environment of a plant or animal |
| 9.endangered species | i. the act of cutting down large areas of forest |
| 10. recycling | j. a species which is in danger of becoming extinct |
| 11.global warming | k. rain that contains acid from industrial waste |
| 12.deforestation | l. a layer of the chemical ozone in the earth’s atmosphere that block harmful rays from the sun |
True / False (пишем предложения и в скобках отмечаем правда это или ложь)
1. Since ancient times Nature has served man.
2. People don’t live in harmony with environment.
3. Thousands of industrial enterprises appear all over the world today.
4. Enterprises don’t pollute the air we breath, the water we drink.
5. Many species of animals, birds, fishes disappear forever.
6. We don’t need take care of environment.
7. Polluted water doesn’t kill fish.
8. Ecological problems don’t influence the climate on the Earth.
9. Acid water kills plants and animals that live in water.
10. The global warming isn’t environment problem today.
11. There isn’t organization of environment protection in the world today.
12. We should make antipollution laws.
13. The Earth is under the threat.
Environmental protection in Great Britain (устно читаем текст, переводим).
We are living in the time of rapid scientific and technological progress, which is accompanied by an increasing consumption of the world’s natural resources. Such vital sources of life as air, water, minerals as well as fauna and flora are being wasted and destroyed.
The protection of nature has become of international importance. Great Britain stresses the need for improvement of environmental protection too. Integrated pollution control restricts emissions to air, land and water from the most harmful process. Responsibility for pollution control rests with local and central government. Great Britain has adopted a phased programme of reductions in sulphur dioxide emissions from existing large combustion plants of up to 60 per cent by 2003. Over 95 per cent of petrol stations in Britain stock unleaded petrol. Strict controls have reduced carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxide emissions.
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The Government worked out the rules for the use of the Earth’s atmosphere. Total emissions of smoke in the atmosphere have fallen by over 85 per cent since 1960. Sulphur dioxide emissions have fallen by about 40 per cent since 1970.
The Government is committed to the elimination of chlorofluorocarbons which damage the ozone layer. They also contribute to the green-house effect, which leads to global warming and a rise in sea levels.
There are nearly 500,000 protected buildings and 7,000 conservation areas of architectural or historical interest in Great Britain.
The Government attaches great importance to the protection of national parks (they cover 9 per cent of the total land area of England and Wales). Great care is taken of three regional parks and forty national scenic areas, which cover 13 per cent of Scotland. The territorial waters of most nations are already being spoiled, but the National Rivers Authority of Great Britain protects its inland waters in England and Wales. In Scotland the river purification authorities are responsible for water pollution control.
Under such strict regime the mineral and other resources of the oceans and seas would become reserves not only for use by this generation but the following generations as well.
Vocabulary. Пишем слова в тетради.
1. rapid - быстрый
2. accompany - сопровождать
3. consumption - поглощения
4. reduction in sulphur dioxide emissions - сокращение выбросов диоксида серы
5. combustion [kəm'bʌsʧ(ə)n] - сгорания
6. petrol stations - бензоколонки
7. carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxide - монооксид углерода, углеводороды и оксид азота
8. work out - разрабатывать
9. the elimination of chlorofluorocarbons - уничтожение, устранение хлорофлюороуглерода
10. ozone layer - озоновый слой
11. conservation area - охранная зона
Questions. Отвечаем письменно на вопросы.
1. What programme has Great Britain adopted?
2. What did the Government work out for the use of the Earth’s atmosphere?
3. Which factors lead to global warming and a rise in sea levels?
4. How many protected buildings and conservation areas are there in Great Britain?
5. Why does the Government of Great Britain attach great importance to the protection of national parks and purification of the territorial waters?