ЗАДАНИЯ НА ЗАЧЕТ
Задание 14.5. Раскройте скобки, используя герундий, переведите предложения:
1. The soil in the flower-pot is very dry, it needs watering. – Почва в цветочном горшке очень сухая, ее нужно полить.
2. You don't need putting on your coat because it' s very warm outside. – Тебе не нужно надевать пальто, потому на улице очень тепло.
3. My flat wants repairing. – Моей квартире нужно ремонт.
4. Famous actors needn't introducing themselves. – Знаменитым актером не нужно представляться.
5. The blackboard is dirty, it needs wiping. – Доска грязная, ее нужно протереть.
6. The shoes need polishing. – Ботинки нужно натереть.
7. Your shirt has a hole, it wants mending. – В твоей рубашке дырка, ее нужно зашить.
8. You room needs tidying. – В твоей комнате нужно убраться.
9. The room needed cleaning. – В комнате нужно убраться.
10. Learning foreign languages is very useful. – Учить иностранные языки очень полезно.
11. My hair wants cutting but I never have time to do it. – Мне нужно подстричь волосы, но у меня никогда нет времени сделать это.
12. Students need cheering up before their exams. – Студентам нужно взбодриться перед экзаменами.
Задание 15.1. Переведите на русский язык следующие предложения:
1. If I came later I would be late for the lesson. – Если бы я пришел позже, то опоздал бы на урок.
2. If he had known the time-table he wouldn't have missed the train. – Если бы я знал расписание, то не пропустил бы поезд.
3. It would be better if you learned the oral topics. – Тебе лучше было выучить устные темы.
4. I wish I had known this before the examination. – Жаль, что не знал этого перед экзаменом.
5. I would have come to you if you had not lived so far away. – Я бы пришел к тебе, если бы не жил так далеко.
6. If I had seen you yesterday I would have given you my text-book. – Если бы я увидел тебя вчера, я бы дал тебе свой учебник.
7. If I were in your place I wouldn't buy the tickets beforehand. – На твоем месте я бы не покупал билеты заранее.
8. If I had known that you needed help I would have helped you. – Если бы я знал, что тебе нужна помощь, я бы тебе помог.
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Задание 10.8. Переведите на английский язык.
1. Он писал письмо, когда я пришел к нему. – He was writing a letter when I came to him.
2. Он делал свою работу, пока его братья играли в футбол. – He was doing his work while his brothers were playing football.
3. Я упал, когда играл в футбол. – I fell down when I was playing football.
4. Мы делали уроки, когда пошел дождь. – We were doing our homework when it started raining.
5. Когда учитель писал на доске, новая ученица вошла в класс. – When the teacher was writing on the blackboard, a new pupil entered the classroom.
6. Когда зазвонил телефон, я работал в саду. – When the phone rang, I was working in the garden.
7. Я увидел своих одноклассников, когда я шел по улице. – I saw my classmates, when I was walking along the street.
8. Начался дождь, когда мы наблюдали за игрой. – It started raining when we were watching the game.
Задание 10.9. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в одно из прошедших времен.
1. When I came, the lecture had already started.
1. They went to Moscow some days ago.
2. When I came, he was leaving, so we only had time for a few words.
3. When we came to the airport, the plane had already landed.
4. He suddenly understood that he had been travelling in the wrong direction.
5. Our teacher has spoken many foreign languages.
6. Who was speaking with you?
7. He was playing tennis.
8. I was going home when we met'.
9. My son was playing the piano.
10. They had already translated this text last lesson.
11. You did this exercise last week.
12. We were discussing your plan yesterday at 10 o'clock.
13. It was raining when I went for a walk.
14. What were you doing there?
15. I were not writing at the lesson.
16. Students were translating this text the whole lesson yesterday.
17. Has he already come?
18. She said that she didn’t like this book and tried to find a more interesting one.
19. The train left at 10.
20. When I saw him, he was crossing the street.
21. While he was watering the garden, it began to rain.
22. When Ann had finished her homework, she turned on TV.
Задание 10.10. Определите временную форму глаголов и переведите, на английский язык.
1. Вчера в 9 часов вечера я смотрел телевизор. – I was watching TV at 9 o’clock yesterday.
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2. Она сказала, что еще не выполнила домашнее задание. – She said that I haven’t still finished my homework.
3. Когда пришел мой друг, я еще завтракал. – When my friend came, I was still having breakfast.
4. Когда я встретил ее впервые, она работала в школе. – When I met her for the first time, she worked at school.
5. Все студенты выполнили задание после того, как преподаватель рассказал им, как его делать. – All students did the task after the teacher had told them how to do it.
6. Когда мы вышли на улицу, ярко светило солнце. – When we went outside, the sun was shining brightly.
7. Мой друг сказал, что его брат уже приехал. – My friend said that his brother had already came.
8. Я читал книгу, когда услышал телефонный звонок. – I was reading a book when I heard a phone call.
9. После того, как врач осмотрел (to examine) больного, он поговорил с его родственниками. – After the doctor had examined the patient, he spoke to his relatives.
10. Когда мы пришли на остановку (bus stop), автобус уже ушел. – When we came to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
11. Он смотрел телевизор, когда пришел его друг. – He was watching TV when his friend came.
12. Почтальон обычно приходит в девять часов утра. Сейчас уже половина десятого, а он все еще не пришел. – The postman usually comes at nine o’clock in the morning. Now it is half past nine, but he hasn’t come yet.
13. Каждый вечер я смотрю телевизор. – I watch TV every evening.
14. Служащие (the clerks) заканчивают работу в шесть часов вечера. – The clerks finish working at six o’clock in the evening.
15. Разве она не знала об этом? - Hasn’t she known about it?
16. Разве вы не видели этот фильм? – Haven’t you seen this film?
17. Она еще не брала своего маленького сына в театр. – She hasn’t taken her little son to the theatre yet.
18. Он обычно очень внимательно слушает учителя, но сейчас он не слушает, у него болит голова. – He usually listens to the teacher attentively, but now he is not listening, he has a headache.
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19. Я не играл в футбол с прошлого года. – He hasn’t played football since last year.
20. Маленькая девочка часто помогает своей матери. – The little girl often helps her mother.
21. Автор {author) еще (still) молодой человек. Он написал свою первую книгу в 1989 году. – The author is still a young man. He wrote his first boot in 1989.
22. Сейчас 8 часов утра и ребенок уже проснулся. Вчера утром он проснулся раньше. – It is 8 a.m. now and the child has already waken up. Yesterday morning he woke up earlier.
23. В школе он играл в футбол. – He played football at school.
MOSCOW
Moscow, the capital of Russia, is one of the largest cities in the world. It was founded in 1147 by the prince Yuri Dolgoruky. It stands on the banks of the Moskva River. About eight million people live in the city.
Moscow is famous for its historical and architectural monuments that were built by outstanding architects. The Red Square is the central and the most beautiful square in Moscow. It is the place of parades, meetings and demonstrations. There is a Cathedral of St. Basil built in 1552. It is a masterpiece of Russian architecture.
The heart of Moscow is the Kremlin. There is a wonderful architectural ensemble with 3 cathedrals, the Bell Tower of Ivan the Great, palaces, fortress walls and 20 towers. The most famous of the towers is the Spasskaya Tower with a big clock. The Kremlin with golden domes and towers makes a strong impression on tourists.
Several skyscrapers decorate Moscow, including Moscow University and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Moscow is a scientific and cultural centre with a lot of institutes, universities, libraries, museums. The city leads a vast cultural life. It has a lot of cinemas, clubs, concert halls, more than 40 drama and musical theatres, including the Bolshoi Theatre, the Art Theatre, the Maly Theatre, the Vakhtangov Theatre.
Moscovites are proud of their museums; the Tretyakov Gallery, Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts and many literary museums. Crowds of people visit Tretyakov Gallery admiring beautiful pictures of Russian painters. There are a lot of stadiums, swimming pools, courts and sport grounds in Moscow.
There are a lot of big plants and factories in Moscow that produce cars, lorries, home electrical appliances and so on.
Words
capital — столица
prince — князь
bank — берег
monument — памятник
outstanding — выдающийся
architect — архитектор
cathedral — собор
masterpiece — шедевр
ensemble — ансамбль
palace — дворец
fortress — крепость
Bell Tower — колокольня
dome — купол
skyscraper — небоскреб
Ministry of Foreign Affairs — министерство иностранных дел
scientific — научный
vast — обширный
Questions
1. When was Moscow founded? – Moscow was funded in 1147.
2. Who founded Moscow? – The prince Yuri Dolgoruky founded Moscow.
3. What is Moscow famous for besides that it is the capital of Russian Federation?
4. What are the places of interest in Moscow? – The places of interest in Moscow are Cathedral of St. Basil, the Kremlin, Moscow University and Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
5. What are the world-famous theatres of Moscow? – The world-famous theatres of Moscow are the Bolshoi Theatre, the Art Theatre, the Maly Theatre, the Vakhtangov Theatre.
6. What are the most famous museums of Moscow? – The most famous museums of Moscow are the Tretyakov Gallery, Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts and many literary museums.
RUSSIA
I live in Russia. Russia is my native country. The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world.
It occupies one seventh of the Earth's surface. It is situated both in Europe and Asia. The total area is about 17 million square kilometres. The country is washed by 12 seas and 3 oceans: the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic oceans. Our neighbours in the south are China, Mongolia, Korea, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. In the west we have borders with Norway, Finland, Belarus and the Ukraine. There is no country in the world like Russia, with the steppes in the south, plains and forests in the midland, tundra and taiga in. the north, highlands and deserts in the east. There is a great number of rivers in Russia. The Volga, the longest in Europe river, flows into the Caspian Sea. The main Siberian rivers — the Ob', the Yenisey and the Lena flow from the south to the north. The Amur in the Far East flows into the Pacific ocean. The deepest lake in the world is Baikal. The water in the lake is so clear, that you can see the stones on the bottom.
Because of the vast territory there are various types of climate in the country. The climate varies greatly in different regions.
Russia is very rich in oil, coal, iron ore, natural gas, copper, nickel and other mineral resources.
Russia is a parliamentary republic with the strong power of the President who is the head of the state. The State Duma and the Council of Federation are the legislative branch of the government. The capital of Russia is Moscow. It is the largest political, cultural and industrial centre. It is one of the oldest Russian cities.
The national banner of Russia is a tricolour with white, blue and red stripes.
Words
native country — страна рождения, Родина
to occupy — занимать
surface — поверхность
highlands — возвышенности
to flow — течь
vast — обширный
copper — медь
legislative branch — законодательная ветвь (власти)
national banner — государственный флаг
stripes — полосы
Questions
1. What is the size of Russia? – The total area of Russia is about 17 million square kilometres.
2. What oceans is Russia washed by? – The country is washed by 3 oceans: the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic oceans.
3. What are the neighbouring countries of Russia? – The neighbours in the south are China, Mongolia, Korea, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. In the west we have borders with Norway, Finland, Belarus and the Ukraine.
4. What are the main rivers of Russia? – The main rivers of Russia are the Volga, the Ob', the Yenisey, the Lena and the Amur.
5. What are the natural resources of Russia? – The natural resources of Russia are oil, coal, iron ore, natural gas, copper, nickel and other mineral resources.
6. What does the national banner of Russia look like? – The national banner of Russia is a tricolour with white, blue and red stripes.