Unit 2 Computer essentials
Assignment I. While reading the text (ex.2, p.7) note the use of the following terms and terminological word-combinations and give their Russian equivalents
| 1.to accept data | |
| 2.to process the data | |
| 3.give the results of the processing | |
| 4.in a specified format | |
| 5.data is fed into the computer's memory | |
| 6.when the program is run | |
| 7.to perform a set of instructions | |
| 8.in printed form | |
| 9.mechanical parts that make up a computer system | |
| 10.central processing unit | |
| 11.to execute program instructions | |
| 12.to coordinate the activities of all the other units | |
| 13.the main memory | |
| 14.to hold the instructions and data | |
| 15.the peripherals | |
| 16.storage devices | |
| 17.input/output devices | |
| 18.a floppy disk | |
| 19.a hard disk | |
| 20.an optical disk | |
| 21.a disk drive | |
| 22.to handle one or more floppy disks | |
| 23.by means of a printer | |
| 24.the rear panel of a computer | |
| 25.to plug peripherals into ports | |
| 26.hardware | |
| 27.software | |
| 28.to show the output on the monitor |
Assignment II. Look up the following words in a dictionary. Make a note of the words that collocate with any of them or the patterns in which they are used
| 1.to consist of | |
| 2.brain | |
| 3.to hold | |
| 4.a unit | |
| 5.to handle | |
| 6.to attach | |
| 7.to include | |
| 8.to provide | |
| 9.permanent | |
| 10.extract (the finished product from the system) |
Assignment III. The following phrases from the text are grouped according to the grammar forms used in them which are typed in bold. State the grammar forms and translate the phrases into Russian:
1.- Information in the form of data and programs is known as software.
- electronic and mechanical parts are called hardware
- disk drives are used to handle disks
- data which are currently being processed
2.- the most influential component
- the most common input devices
3.- three basic steps involved in the process
- these are the main physical units of a computer system, generally known as configuration.
- the physical units attached to the computer
4.- input devices enable data to go into the computer's memory
- output devices enable us to extract the finished product
5.- its function is to execute program instructions
Assignment IV. Think about your answers to these questions. Try to reproduce the statements from the text.
1.How can you define a computer?
2.What is software?
3.What is hardware?
4.What sections does the standard computer system consist of?
5.What is the function of the central processing unit?
6.What does the main memory do?
7.What units do we call peripherals?
8.What storage devices do you know? What for are they used?
9.What input devices do you know? What do they do?
10.What is the function of output devices?
11.What are the ports for?
12.How do you understand the term “configuration”?
Vocabulary Test
| 1.Компьютер — это электронное устройство, принимающее данные, обрабатывающее их и выдающее результаты обработки в той или иной заданной форме. | |
| 2.Данные загружаются в память компьютера. Когда программа запущена, компьютер выполняет ряд команд и обрабатывает данные. | |
| 3.Результаты можно видеть на экране или в распечатанном виде. | |
| 4.В современных цифровых компьютерах различают аппаратные средства и программное обеспечение. | |
| 5.Центральный процессор — часть компьютера, которая непосредственно выполняет команды программы и координирует работу всех других блоков. | |
| 6.Основная память — это память, которая содержит команды, а также данные, обрабатываемые процессором в данный момент. | |
| 7. К периферийным устройствам относятся внешние устройства хранения данных, а также устройства ввода/вывода. | |
| 8.Внешние устройства хранения данных — это дискеты, жесткие и оптические диски. | |
| 9.Устройства ввода позволяют ввести данные в память компьютера. | |
| 10.Самые известные устройства ввода — это мышь и клавиатура. | |
| 11.Устройства вывода позволяют получить выполненную системой завершенную работу. | |
| 12.Компьютер показывает результаты на мониторе или печатает их на бумаге с помощью принтера. | |
| 13.На задней панели компьютера находятся несколько портов, которые используюются для подключения различных периферийных устройств. |
Listening
I.Before listening to the recording go over the list of words and phrases given below to make sure that you understand their meanings.
1.digital computers can be divided into five main types
2.mainframes, minicomputers, desktop PCs, laptops, handheld computers (palmtops)
3.to process immense amount of information very quickly
4.'minicomputers' can handle multy-tasking
5.typical applications include academic computing, software engineering, and other sophisticated applications in which many users share resources
6.PCs carry out their processing on a single microchip
7.desktop PCs, which are designed to be placed on your desk
8.portable PCs, which can be used as a tiny notebook
9.the latest models can run as fast as similar desktop computers
10.the smallest computers can be held in one hand
11.they are used as electronic organizers for storing notes, reminders and addresses
II. Listen to the recording and get ready to discuss the following questions:
1.How many types can digital computers be divided into?
2.Name the types of computers.
3.What are the largest and most powerful computers? Where are they used?
4.How different are minicomputers from mainframes?
5.Where are PCs used?
6.How many classes of personal computer are there? What are they?
7.What are the smallest computers called? What for are they used?