THE USA
Прочитайте и запомните следующие слова и словосоче-
тания:
to be situated [ " s I t ju' eI t Id] – находиться, располагаться
to be washed ["wPSt] – омываться
to include [ In'klu:d] – включать в себя
prairie ['preqrI] – прерия
Armed Forces [Rmd fLs Iz ] – вооруженные силы
to differ from [ 'dI fq frPm] – отличаться от
mass-media [ "mxs 'mJdIq] – средства массовой инфор-
мации
to extend [ Ik' s tend] – тянуться, распространяться
drought [drQut ]– засуха
Прочитайте и переведите текст.
The USA
The United States of America is situated in the central part of
the North American continent. It is washed by the Pacific Ocean
and by the Atlantic Ocean.
As to population, it is the fourth largest country in the world. Near-
ly 240 million people live there.
There are great climatic variations between different regions of the
country. The eastern continental region is well watered with rainfalls. It
includes all the Atlantic seaboard and southeastern states and extends to
the west to cover Indiana. The climate of the prairie lands lying to the
west is drought.
The United States of America is a federal republic consisting of fif-
ty states; every state has its own governor, its own police, and its own
laws. The present Constitution was proclaimed in 1787 in Philadelphia.
The president is the head of the whole country and the government, and
is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. The president term is
4 years.
The United States’ flag is called the “Stars and Stripes”. It has thir-
teen stripes and fifty white stars on a blue field.
The USA is one of the most highly developed capitalist states. The
country is rich in a variety of mineral resources. The USA has a highly
developed railway system. American agriculture produces more food
products than any other capitalist country.
The educational system of the USA differs from the system in
some countries. The elementary school is followed by four or six years
of the secondary school or high school as it is called. Many Americans
go to institutions of higher education when they leave school. If they
want to go to college or university, they often take college admission
tests. The capital of the United States of America is Washington.
New York is the largest city and port in the United States. It is an industrial and cultural center of the country. It is a financial and busi-
ness center of the capitalist world.
It is also the center of the political life, the center of the mass me-
dia and the world’s biggest bank center. New York is the economic cap-
ital of the USA with a population of nearly eight million.
3. Ответьте на следующие вопросы, опираясь на содержа-
ние прочитанного вами текста:
1. Where is the USA situated?
2. What is the population of the USA?
3. What is called American prairie?
4. What does the USA owe its high level of economic development
to?
5. What are the main mineral resources of the country?
6. How can you characterize the USA industry?
7. When do American children begin to go to school?
8. What is the first school called?
9. For how many years do children learn in the elementary school?
10. Where can they study after finishing secondary school?
11. What is the capital of the USA?
12. What kind of city is New York?
13. What is typical of New York?
Прочитайте текст еще раз и перескажите его по-
Английски.
Отметьте в тексте предложения и словосочетания, яв-
Ляющиеся эквивалентами русских.
1. Соединенные Штаты Америки расположены в центральной
части североамериканского континента.
2. Это четвертая крупнейшая страна в мире по количеству на-
селения.
3. Омывается Тихим океаном; лучшая система дорог в мире.
4. США являются одной из самых высокоразвитых капитали-
стических стран.
5. США богаты различными полезными ископаемыми.
6. Система образования США отличается от системы образо-
вания в других странах.
7. Здесь находится сердце бизнеса и культуры США.
8. Промышленный и культурный центр; финансовый и дело-
вой центр; крупнейший банковский центр.
9. Население … приближается к 8 млн.
Восстановите по памяти (на русском языке), в каком
Контексте упоминаются следующие английские словосочета-
ния:
a) there are great climatic variations;
b) the eastern continental region;
c) it includes all the Atlantic seaboard;
d) lying to the west is drought;
e) the present Constitution was proclaimed;
f) flag is called the “Stars and Stripes”;
g) a highly-developed railway system;
h) differs from;
i) the center of the mass media.
Прослушайте дикторскую запись указанных ниже пред-
Ложений. Постарайтесь понять, какие слова и словосочетания
в них отсутствуют. Повторите полные предложения.
1) The United States of America … in the central part …
2) As to population …
3) … and south-eastern states and extends to the west to cover.
4) The United States of America is a federal republic …
5) The country is rich in …