Read the text and translate it. Do the exercises following after the text. Прочитайте, переведите текст на русский язык. Выполните задания после текста.
In recent years a new enemy of the immune system has appeared. This disease is called acquired immune deficiency syndrome. It is caused by the HIV. The scientists have not learned how to stop the AIDS virus from destroying the immune system. It is important to remember that most people infected with AIDS may be asymptomatic and that the onset of symptoms may be delayed for 5 to 10 years. Though the AIDS virus is so deadly, it cannot live far more than a short time outside the body. You cannot get AIDS through the air, water or food. The virus can be passed “blood-to-blood” contact, through sharing needles used to inject drugs. That is why there is a high rate of HIV-infected people among addict people. Intrauterine or prenatally transmitted STDs can have severely effects on pregnant women, and their fetuses. Studies have shown that AIDS-infected pregnant women maintain their pregnancies and gave birth to their infants. Pregnant women who test positive early in pregnancy should be followed carefully. Infants are believed to become infected in the birth canal or from the breast milk. Infected infants demonstrate repeated viral and bacterial infections and often die before they are 2 years old. All pregnant women and their sex partners should be asked about STDs, counseled about the possibility of perinatal infections, and ensured access to treatment, if needed. Health care providers should take all the necessary precautions to avoid coming with STDs. It is important to be truthful about the progressive and ultimately fatal nature of HIV infection. There are ways to protect yourself against STDs. The younger people are when having sex for the first time, the more susceptible they become to developing an STD. It is better to have a monogamous sexual relationship, an examination for STDs before becoming sexually active. Women should avoid excessive douching because it removes some of the normal protective bacteria in the vagina and increases the risk of getting some STDs. Even if everything is fine with both partners, remember there is a window period for some diseases.
Vocabulary
access – доступ
addict – зависимый
asymptomatic- бессимптомный
onset- начало
precautions- защитные меры
susceptible- восприимчивый
to avoid- избегать
to counsel- консультировать
to delay- задерживать, откладывать
to ensure- обеспечивать
ultimately- в итоге
THE TASKS
- Answer the questions according to the text. Ответьте на следующие вопросы по содержанию текста.
- What has appeared in recent years?
- What does AIDS stand for?
- What virus is it caused by?
- How long can it live outside the body?
- What is the main way of getting AIDS?
- What do women need to know about HIV during pregnancy?
- Why do infected infants often die?
- What is the rate of maternal HIV transmission to unborn infants?
- What should health care providers do to prevent STDs?
- Why is excessive douching dangerous for women?
- Give the Russian equivalents of the following English phrases.Study them. Назовите и запомните русский эквивалент следующих английских словосочетаний: immune system, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, through sharing needles, infected people, intrauterine or prenatally transmitted infections, maintain pregnancy, give birth to the infants, breast milk, repeated viral infections, excessive douching, protective bacteria.
- Finish the sentences translating words in the brackets. Закончите предложения, переведя слова в скобках.
1.Anew enemy of the immune system (называется синдромом приобретенного иммунодефицита). 2. Intrauterine transmitted STDs (могут оказывать сильные воздействия на беременных женщин). 3. All pregnant women and their sex partners should be counseled (о возможности перинатальных инфекций). 4. Health care providers should take all the necessary precautions (чтобы избежать наступление ЗППП).5. There are ways (чтобы защититься от ЗППП). 6. It is important to be truthful about the (прогрессивном характере ВИЧ инфекции).
4. A person is asked by a doctor to assess the situation. Make questions using words from the brackets. Доктор задает вопросы посетителю, чтобы оценить ситуацию. Составьте вопросы из слов в скобках. 1. ( do, symptoms, what, have, you)? 2. (many, weeks, have, you, had, people, sex, in, the, with, last, few, how)? 3. (what, of, you, had, sex, type, have)? 4.(previously, have, had, an STI, you)? 5. (is, health,what,state, of, the,general, your)? 6. (do, medication, any, you, take, regular)? 7.(do, allergies, you,any, have)?
5. Translate the following sentences. Determine the types of the Conditionals. Переведите следующие предложения. Определите тип условных предложений: 1.If a patient is a woman she will be asked about the date of her last period. 2.If you have a positive test you will be given treatment. 3.If a person had arrived at a clinic, he would have already registered. 4.If a doctor examined a person, he would try to assess the situation yesterday. 5.If you had the infection the result of the test would be positive.
GRAMMAR REVIEW
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES