Topical vocabulary
aerospace industry – аэрокосмическая промышленность
aircraft industry – авиационная промышленность
automobile industry – автомобильная промышленность
coal industry – угольная промышленность
consumer durables industry – промышленность, выпускающая товары длительного пользования (мебель, бытовая техника)
construction industry – строительная промышленность
food industry –пищевая промышленность
feavy industry – тяжелая промышленность
light industry – легкая промышленность
machinery - машиностроение
mining – горная промышленность
nanotechnology - нанотехнология
oil and gas industry – нефтяная и газовая промышленность
retail chain –розничные магазины, принадлежащие одной компании
small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) – предприятия малого и среднего бизнеса
shipbuilding industry – судостроительная промышленность
steel production – производство стали
textile industry – текстильная промышленность
timber industry – лесная промышленность
total output – общий объём (производства)
trade – торговля, торговый
abundant – богатый, изобилующий
domestic (market) – внутренний (рынок) Ant. foreign
joint (venture) – совместное (предприятие)
tough (competition) – жесткое (соперничество)
to recuperate – восстанавливаться, поправляться
to deny - отрицать
to ensure – обеспечивать, гарантировать
to implement – осуществлять
to inherit - унаследовать
Lexical work
Task 1.
Find in the text all the sentences (clauses) with the nouns in the word list, write them out, translate them and be ready to reproduce them from memory. Do the same with the verbs and adjectives.
Task 2
Find the names of industries.
| G | G | H | E | T | T | Y | M | G | C | O | A | L | D |
| M | G | Y | M | X | G | U | N | H | V | E | U | X | B |
| T | A | A | A | I | B | M | V | Y | C | S | T | R | E |
| B | S | C | S | M | N | C | C | J | F | D | O | F | F |
| V | T | O | H | P | Y | I | O | S | E | O | M | R | C |
| X | J | O | I | I | Y | R | N | F | S | E | O | F | V |
| J | V | S | P | L | N | R | S | G | F | S | B | D | S |
| P | L | F | P | G | Q | E | T | E | X | T | I | L | E |
| Q | G | S | I | V | A | V | R | D | V | T | L | Y | K |
| A | F | Q | N | M | S | C | U | Y | B | B | E | G | J |
| J | Y | W | G | B | R | C | C | W | W | N | M | N | M |
| P | G | E | T | J | R | T | T | S | O | K | K | N | D |
| M | S | T | F | K | F | N | I | M | V | K | H | K | T |
| J | D | T | G | L | V | M | O | Q | A | A | S | G | G |
| X | M | H | G | T | Y | U | N | M | V | G | B | M | G |
Task 2
Fill in the gaps with the most suitable word from your active vocabulary.
1. The volume of car manufacturing is rising again. It means that Russian …………….. industry is recuperating from the crisis.
2. The government is eager to ……….. many innovative projects.
3. The market is relatively free from ……… competition now.
4. It is estimated that the number of ……….. and ………..-………… ………. can be increased by 50 times in the pharmaceutical industry and bankery sector.
5. Nuclear power plants have recently signed a ……… venture with Toshiba to develop cutting edge power plants.
6. The …………. Industry is now the world’s second largest behind European Ariane 5.
7. The mineral-packed Ural mountains and the …………. oil, gas, coal and timber reserves of Siberia and the Russian Far East make Russia rich in natural resources.
8. The Government must take efficient measures to ………. stability of the country.
9. China is now Russia’s fourth largest ………..partner.
Task 3
Translate the sentences into English using the topical vocabulary of the unit.
1. В России развиты следующие отрасли промышленности: нефтяная, газовая, угольная, лесная, пищевая, машиностроительная.
2. В настоящее время необходимо развивать многие секторы внутренней экономики.
3. Осуществление финансово-бюджетной политики страны направлено на восстановление экономики.
4. Значительно увеличился торговый оборот со странами СНГ.
5. Снижение цен – результат жесткой конкуренции.
6. Россия богата природными ресурсами.
7. Правительство принимает определенные меры чтобы обеспечить развитие предприятий малого и среднего бизнеса.
8. В мире сильно возросла потребность в специалистах по нанотехнологиям.
9. Нельзя отрицать важность создания совместных предприятий с иностранными компаниями.
Pre-reading tasks
Task 1
Answer the questions
1. What industries are highly developed in Russia?
2. What companies in Russia can you think of? What do they produce? Are they known in the world?
Do you agree that the problem for innovative Russian companies is that they are playing catch-up with the established brand names?
3. Which countries are the main trade partners of Russia?
Task 2
Read the joke and say why business in Russia began to develop only after the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Definition of political systems
Socialism
If you have two cows, you give one to your neighbour.
Communism
If you have two cows, you give them to the government and the government gives you some milk.
Fascism
If you have two cows, you keep the cows and give the milk to the government: then the government sells you some milk.
Nazism
If you have two cows, the government shoots you and keeps the cows.
Capitalism
If you have two cows, you sell one and buy a bull.
Task 3
Read and translate the following international words and word combinations. Practice their pronunciation:
Business, resource, company, reserve, vertical - vertically, control, image, lead – leader, surprise, negative, base, origin – original, investor, conflict, structure, category, system, start, strategy, problem, limit – limited, multinational.
Reading