Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov
Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov was a famous Russian writer, chemist, and astronomer who made a lot in literature and science.
Lomonosov was born on November 19, 1711, in Denisovka (now Lomonosov), near Archangelsk, and studied at the University of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. After studying in Germany at the Universities of Marburg and Freiberg, Lomonosov returned to St. Petersburg in 1745 to teach chemistry and built a teaching and research laboratory there four years later.
Interested in the development of Russian education, Lomonosov helped to found Moscow State University in 1755 and in the same year wrote a grammar that reformed the Russian literary language by combining Old Church Slavonic with modern language. In 1760 he published the first history of Russia. He also revived the art of Russian mosaic and built a mosaic and colored-glass factory. Most of his achievements, however, were unknown outside Russia. He died in St. Petersburg on April 15, 1765.
Вариант 3.
Задание № 1. Вставьте частицу to где необходимо. Предложения переведите.
1. That funny scene made me... laugh.
2. Let me... help you with your homework.
3. I will do all I can... help you.
4. I was planning... do a lot of things yesterday.
Задание №2. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните герундий, укажите, какой частью речи он переводится на русский язык, переведите.
1. He talked without stopping.
2. Some people can walk all day without feeling tired.
3. Living in little stuffy rooms means breathing poisonous air.
4. Iron is found by digging in the earth.
Задание №3. Выберите из скобок нужную форму причастия, переведите предложения.
1. (Introducing, introduced) new words the teacher explains their meanings.
2. Organic chemistry is the science (working, worked) with carbon compounds.
3. He saw some telegrams (got, getting).
4. The woman (delivering, delivered) this lecture is our professor of History.
Задание №4. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе (В) обратите внимание на особенности перевода пассивных конструкций.
А)1. In our climate the vine doesn’t grow out-of-doors, as it does in countries with a hotter summer, and hothouse grapes is very expensive.
2. I noticed a number of improvements done in this town since I last was there.
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3. The students were having an interesting discussion when the teacher came in.
4. If I see the manager tomorrow, I shall remind him of that important point.
B)1. Many new and very interesting projects were planned for orbital stations.
2. The new exhibition of this artist is being visited actively.
3. This program will be broadcasted again tomorrow night.
Задание № 6. Прочитайте и переведите текст:
Sikorsky Igor Ivanovich.
Sikorsky Igor Ivanovich was a well-known aircraft engineer and manufacturer.
Sikorsky was born in 1889 in Kiev, in the Ukraine, and got his education at the naval college in St. Petersburg, and later in Kiev and Paris. He was the first to make experiments in helicopter design. In 1913 he designed, built, and flew the first successful airplane. Later he built military aircrafts for Russia and France.
In 1919 Sikorsky moved to the United States and later helped to organize an aircraft company that produced a series of multiengine flying boats for commercial service. Sikorsky became an American citizen in 1928. In the late 1930s he returned to developing helicopters and produced the first successful helicopter in the west. Helicopters designed by Sikorsky were used mostly by the US Army Air Forces during World War II. He died in 1972 at the age of 83.
Вариант 4.
Задание № 1. Вставьте частицу to где необходимо. Предложения переведите.
1. I saw him... enter the room.
2. My brother can... speak French.
3. I want... stay at home today.
4. Let me... help you with your work.
Задание №2. Перепишите предложения подчеркните герундий, укажите, какой частью речи он переводится на русский язык, переведите.
1. All students finished writing.
2. Taking a cold shower in the morning is very useful.
3. I like skiing, but my sister prefers skating.
4. She likes sitting in the sun.
Задание №3. Выберите из скобок нужную форму причастия, переведите предложения.
1. (Answering, answered) your question I forgot this fact.
2. Scientists (experimenting, experimented) with this system work every day.
3. Read (translated, translating) text to the teacher.
4. We were at the concert (organized, organizing) by our students.
Задание №4. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
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А) 1. I was going to show my project to the teacher.
2. They will discuss the results when we finish our experiments.
3. He had left before his sister arrived.
4. The children were playing in the garden while we were watching TV.
B) 1. The concert will be attended by many foreign singers.
2. What questions were you asked?
3. The text is still being translated into English.
Задание № 6. Прочитайте и переведите текст:
Alfred Bernhard Nobel.
Alfred Bernhard Nobel was a famous Swedish chemist and inventor. He was born in Stockholm in 1833. After receiving an education in St. Petersburg, Russia, and then in the United States, where he studied mechanical engineering he returned to St. Petersburg to work with his father in Russia. They were developing mines, torpedoes, and other explosives.
In a family-owned factory in Heleneborg, Sweden, he developed a safe way to handle nitroglycerine, after a factory explosion in 1864 killed his younger brother and four other people. In 1876 Nobel achieved his goal: he produced what he called dynamite. He later produced one of the first smokeless powders. At the time of his death he controlled factories for the manufacture of explosives in many parts of the world. In his will he wanted that the major portion of his money left became a fund for yearly prizes in his name. The prizes were to be given for merits in physics, chemistry, medicine and physiology, literature, and world peace. A prize in economics has been awarded since 1969.