Задание 1. Текст по специальности.

Доцент кафедры ин.яз. Васильева Аида Алеговна

Контрольная работа № 4

по дисциплине «Иностранный язык» (английский)

для студентов групп 2722, 2723

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №4.

Вариант I.

Задание 1. Текст по специальности.

I. Прочитайте текст, переведите его письменно.

The most familiar way of producing static electricity is by rubbing, or friction. Rubbing together two different kinds of materials that are insulators can transfer electrons from one substance to another. The substance that gains electrons acquires a negative charge, and the one that loses them acquires a positive charge. For example, rubbing a balloon against dry hair produces an opposite electric charge in the balloon and the hair (which will be drawn to the balloon). Similarly, shuffling over a carpet in dry weather will produce a sufficient electrostatic charge on a person's body to give a slight shock when the person touches a conductor.

Objects can also acquire an electric charge through a process called electrostatic induction. In the illustration Electrostatic Induction, a charged object (the negatively charged rod) is brought near an electrically insulated metal sphere, but not into contact with it. The excess electrons in the rod will repel the electrons from the part of the sphere nearest the rod to the part farthest from the rod. If electrons are allowed to escape from the sphere through an electrical connection to the ground, the sphere will be left with a net positive charge.

Current Electricity is produced by creating a difference in electric potential between two points connected by a conductor. A potential difference exists between two points when one has more electrons than the other. The point with excess electrons is called the negative terminal; the other, the positive terminal. The potential difference between the two terminals creates an electrical pressure called electromotive force (emf), or voltage.

The two most common ways of creating a voltage to produce current are chemically (using batteries) and by electromagnetic induction (using generators). A voltage can also be created by heat, light, or mechanical pressure.

The electromagnetic induction method for producing an electric current involves the use of a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. When a wire is moved through a magnetic field, the electrons in the wire are displaced and move toward one end of the wire. This action makes one end negative, the other positive.

Under certain conditions, heat will cause electrons to flow between two different materials. One device for producing this effect is the thermocouple, which is used as a measuring instrument and as a control device.

II.Составьте свой вокабуляр из слов, встретившихся при переводе текста.

III. Ответьте письменно на вопросы по тексту. Вопросы перепишите.

1) What is static electricity?

2) By what is current electricity produced?

3) Which ways of creating a voltage to produce current do you know?

IV. Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний:

A charged object, rubbing, friction, an electric current, a sufficient electrostatic charge, the negative terminal; the thermocouple, the positive terminal, insulators, electrostatic induction, to repel the electrons from the part of the sphere nearest the rod to the part farthest from the rod, electromotive force (emf), electromagnetic induction method.

V. Поставьте глагол-сказуемое в нужной форме (Present, Past, Future Simple)

1. He (not/to work) at a plant, he (to work) in a construction company.

2. You (to see) the last news program yesterday?

3. If he (to help) us, we (to finish) our project ahead of time.

4. When you (to come) home tomorrow?

5. He usually (to go) to bed very early because he (to take) an early bus to town.

6. I (to apply) a new method for my research work last year.

7. They (to build) the Eiffel Tower in 1899.

8. Water (to boil) at 100 C.

9. Next year some new houses (to appear) in our street.

10. Yesterday it (to take) me 30 minutes to get to the centre of the town.

VI. Употребите правильную форму глагола в условных предложениях:

1. I (interpret) … for you at the conference tomorrow if I (be) … not already scheduled to work at the UN. I have a friend who (do) … it for you, if she (be, not) … busy. 2. If I (have) enough money, I (backpack) around Europe. But, unfortunately, I am broke. 3. If I (have) enough money in my twenties, I (backpack) around Europe. But, unfortunately, I was broke. 4. If the price of this tour to GB (come) down, more people will buy it.

VII. Переведите на английский язык, учитывая три типа условных предложений:.

1. Если бы он не ел так много, он бы не умер так рано. 2. Она пожалеет, если сделаете это. 3. Мы бы не опоздали, если бы наша машина не сломалась. 4. Если бы она носила контактные линзы, она была бы симпатичней. 5. Если бы не дети, они бы уже давно разошлись. 6. Если бы я был на вашем месте, я бы так не говорил.

VIII. Из нескольких вариантов (1, 2, 3, 4) выберите единственно правильный.