The production of food, as an industry, actually has a history extending as far as the history of modern chemistry because it was considered a part of chemical technology. Thus the book "Chemical Technology" published in 1870 contained the following sections: starch, sugar manufacture, cane sugar, beet sugar, fermentation, wine making, beer brewing, bread baking, manufacture of vinegar, and essential oils.
Let's take some examples. In 1747 Marggraf discovered crystals of sugar in the red beet and suggested that it might be possible to extract it on a commercial basis. Kirchhoff suggested the use of starch for sugar production in 1811.
The food industry developed in full with the growth of the processing industries and with improvement in food machines, transportation, refrigeration, storage and packaging.
2. Translate the following words into Russian.
to suggest, cane sugar, production, transportation, storage, growth, to discover, to contain, wine.
| Преподаватель | Заикина Е.М. |
Министерство образования Тверской области
ГБП ОУ «Тверской химико-технологический колледж»
| Рассмотрено ЦК дисциплин общеобразовательного цикла Протокол № ___ от «___»_____ 201__ г. Председатель ЦК __________ С.Д. Никита | Вид промежуточной аттестации | Дифференцированный зачет | УТВЕРЖДАЮ Зам. руководителя по УР __________ И.Н. Горло «___»_____ 201__ г. |
| По учебной дисциплине (междисциплинарному курсу) | ОГСЭ.03. Английский язык | ||
| Специальность | 38.02.05 Товароведение и экспертиза качества потребительских товаров базовой подготовки | ||
| Группа | 2ЭКС-286 |
ВАРИАНТ № 8
1. Read and translate the text.
Shopping in the USA.
Americans go shopping in four main types of stores: supermarkets, grocery stores, convenience stores and delis.
Supermarkets are the largest. They often have a wide variety of dairy products, cereals, bread and baked goods, prepared, canned and frozen food, ice-cream and desserts, paper products and much more. Prices are usually marked on the packages or the signs near the goods. There are usually carts and baskets, so you can carry the goods, which you have chosen, around the store. Usually supermarkets have several cashiers. In general, they are open from Monday to Friday from 9 to 6 p.m., and on Saturday from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Some supermarkets are open on Sundays as well.
2. Translate the following words into Russian.
four, main, frozen food, basket, cart, some, cashier, wide variety, dairy products, sign, from.
| Преподаватель | Заикина Е.М. |
Министерство образования Тверской области
ГБП ОУ «Тверской химико-технологический колледж»
| Рассмотрено ЦК дисциплин общеобразовательного цикла Протокол № ___ от «___»_____ 201__ г. Председатель ЦК __________ С.Д. Никита | Вид промежуточной аттестации | Дифференцированный зачет | УТВЕРЖДАЮ Зам. руководителя по УР __________ И.Н. Горло «___»_____ 201__ г. |
| По учебной дисциплине (междисциплинарному курсу) | ОГСЭ.03. Английский язык | ||
| Специальность | 38.02.05 Товароведение и экспертиза качества потребительских товаров базовой подготовки | ||
| Группа | 2ЭКС-286 |
ВАРИАНТ № 9
1. Read and translate the text.
Shopping in the USA.
Grocery stores are smaller than supermarkets. As a rule, they carry most of the same types of products, but in smaller quantity and less variety. Prices are usually similar to those in the supermarkets. In general, grocery stores work the same hours as supermarkets.
Convenience stores are called this because of their hours of operation – usually from at least 7 a.m. to 12 p.m. and sometimes round the clock. They usually carry a very limited selection of goods and brands.
Delis usually carry only cold cuts (sliced ham, turkey, salami, chicken, roast beef and cheese) to use in sandwiches, breads, beverages and condiments. Some delis also carry selections of prepared foods and other items.
2. Translate the following words into Russian.
hour, sometimes, convenience, round the clock, sliced ham, to be limited, to carry, similar, in.
| Преподаватель | Заикина Е.М. |
Министерство образования Тверской области
ГБП ОУ «Тверской химико-технологический колледж»
| Рассмотрено ЦК дисциплин общеобразовательного цикла Протокол № ___ от «___»_____ 201__ г. Председатель ЦК __________ С.Д. Никита | Вид промежуточной аттестации | Дифференцированный зачет | УТВЕРЖДАЮ Зам. руководителя по УР __________ И.Н. Горло «___»_____ 201__ г. |
| По учебной дисциплине (междисциплинарному курсу) | ОГСЭ.03. Английский язык | ||
| Специальность | 38.02.05 Товароведение и экспертиза качества потребительских товаров базовой подготовки | ||
| Группа | 2ЭКС-286 |
ВАРИАНТ № 10
1. Read and translate the text.
Colgate. Palmolive.
William Colgate founded the Colgate Company in 1806 as a starch, soap and candle business in New York City. For the first hundred years, the company did all its business in the United States. However, in the early 1900s, the company begin an aggressive expansion programme that led to the establishment of Colgate operations in countries throughout Europe, Latin America and the Far East. In more recent years it has set up operations in Turkey, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Eastern Europe and China. Colgate-Palmolive has become a truly global consumer products company, worth $8.7 bn and selling in more than 200 countries.
Colgate-Palmolive's five main sectors of business are: Oral Care, Body Care, Household Surface Care, Fabric Care and Pet Nutrition and Health Care.
2. Translate the following words into Russian.
Far East, bn (billion), recent, expansion, the first, to become, aggressive, company, household.
| Преподаватель | Заикина Е.М. |
Министерство образования Тверской области
ГБП ОУ «Тверской химико-технологический колледж»
| Рассмотрено ЦК дисциплин общеобразовательного цикла Протокол № ___ от «___»_____ 201__ г. Председатель ЦК __________ С.Д. Никита | Вид промежуточной аттестации | Дифференцированный зачет | УТВЕРЖДАЮ Зам. руководителя по УР __________ И.Н. Горло «___»_____ 201__ г. |
| По учебной дисциплине (междисциплинарному курсу) | ОГСЭ.03. Английский язык | ||
| Специальность | 38.02.05 Товароведение и экспертиза качества потребительских товаров базовой подготовки | ||
| Группа | 2ЭКС-286 |
ВАРИАНТ № 11
1. Read and translate the text.
Colgate. Palmolive.
In the area of Oral Care, Colgate-Palmolive is the world leader in toothpaste. As a result of the company's heavy investment in research and technology, it has developed many successful toothpastes, rinses and toothbrushes. To strengthen its presence in professional products, Colgate-Palmolive bought the Ora Rharm Company of Australia and the dental therapeutics business if Scherer Laboratories USA in 1990. For many years, the company had a strong dental education programme in schools throughout the world and has maintained a close partnership with the international dental community. Recently it has created a web site for dental professionals.
The company always paid close attention to the environment. It already made great progress in the use of recyclable bottles and packaging materials.
2. Translate the following words into Russian.
in, school, dental, partnership, investment, to strengthen, research, toothpaste, as a result, leader.
| Преподаватель | Заикина Е.М. |
Министерство образования Тверской области
ГБП ОУ «Тверской химико-технологический колледж»
| Рассмотрено ЦК дисциплин общеобразовательного цикла Протокол № ___ от «___»_____ 201__ г. Председатель ЦК __________ С.Д. Никита | Вид промежуточной аттестации | Дифференцированный зачет | УТВЕРЖДАЮ Зам. руководителя по УР __________ И.Н. Горло «___»_____ 201__ г. |
| По учебной дисциплине (междисциплинарному курсу) | ОГСЭ.03. Английский язык | ||
| Специальность | 38.02.05 Товароведение и экспертиза качества потребительских товаров базовой подготовки | ||
| Группа | 2ЭКС-286 |
ВАРИАНТ № 12
1. Read and translate the text.
Gillette.
Gillette is a leading brand of razors and personal hygiene products. It was founded in 1895. It produced the first safety razors using disposable blades in 1902. In 1958, it produced its first 'adjustable' razor – the model for most of today’s razors. The company is famous for bringing out different designs of razors, each claiming to produce a much better, closer shave than the ones before. Its slogan is "The Best a Man Can Get". The brand markets itself as providing “high-performance styling and grooming products for men.” More than 600 million men worldwide shave with a Gillette product. Gillette was bought by Proctor and Gamble in 2005 and the name ‘The Gillette Company’ disappeared. The company also produces shaving gels and creams, hair care products and deodorants.
2. Translate the following words into Russian.
razor, to buy, hygiene, personal, famous, men, worldwide, to disappear, cream, hair, shaving gel.
| Преподаватель | Заикина Е.М. |
Министерство образования Тверской области
ГБП ОУ «Тверской химико-технологический колледж»
| Рассмотрено ЦК дисциплин общеобразовательного цикла Протокол № ___ от «___»_____ 201__ г. Председатель ЦК __________ С.Д. Никита | Вид промежуточной аттестации | Дифференцированный зачет | УТВЕРЖДАЮ Зам. руководителя по УР __________ И.Н. Горло «___»_____ 201__ г. |
| По учебной дисциплине (междисциплинарному курсу) | ОГСЭ.03. Английский язык | ||
| Специальность | 38.02.05 Товароведение и экспертиза качества потребительских товаров базовой подготовки | ||
| Группа | 2ЭКС-286 |
ВАРИАНТ № 13
1. Read and translate the text.
Fats, carbs, proteins.
Nowadays we use the word “diet” mainly when we mean that someone is trying to lose weight. “I am on a diet” usually means that a person doesn’t eat high-calorie food. This word has become so popular that it is often used as a marketing tool. For example, in a supermarket we can find dietary biscuits, dietary dairy products and even dietary Cola. But does the prefix “dietary” make all these products really good for our health? Of course, no. “Dietary” is not a synonym for “healthy”, as well as “diet” is not a synonym for “healthy nutrition”. In fact, a diet is just a way of nutrition, or a sum of all food products that are consumed by a particular person. A diet can be healthy or unhealthy, vegetarian, milk-free or zero-carb; it can be intended for losing or for gaining weight, and so on. The diet, which is good for one person, can be absolutely unacceptable for another one.
2. Translate the following words into Russian.
nowadays, healthy, vegetarian, which, milk-free, zero-carb, particular, high-calorie, in fact.
| Преподаватель | Заикина Е.М. |
Министерство образования Тверской области
ГБП ОУ «Тверской химико-технологический колледж»
| Рассмотрено ЦК дисциплин общеобразовательного цикла Протокол № ___ от «___»_____ 201__ г. Председатель ЦК __________ С.Д. Никита | Вид промежуточной аттестации | Дифференцированный зачет | УТВЕРЖДАЮ Зам. руководителя по УР __________ И.Н. Горло «___»_____ 201__ г. |
| По учебной дисциплине (междисциплинарному курсу) | ОГСЭ.03. Английский язык | ||
| Специальность | 38.02.05 Товароведение и экспертиза качества потребительских товаров базовой подготовки | ||
| Группа | 2ЭКС-286 |
ВАРИАНТ № 14
1. Read and translate the text.
Fats, carbs, proteins.
There are some diets that are well-known and widely used in different countries of the world. Probably, the most renowned of them is a vegetarian diet, which suggests full or partial abstinence from any food of animal origin. Vegetarianism in a broad sense is not just a diet; it’s a style of life. Some peoples can not eat meat for religious reasons, others – for moral compulsion. And still others just believe that it is good for their health. It should be noted that there are several kinds of vegetarian diet. Thus, the vegans don’t eat any animal food including fish, eggs or dairy products. The lacto-vegetarians drink milk, consume milk products and eggs, but do not eat meat and fish. Finally, the semi-vegetarians can eat fish, seafood and poultry but don’t consume animal meat. In general, a vegetarian diet can be rather healthy. Vegetarians are less subject to obesity, coronary heart disease and heart attacks; they suffer from high blood pressure more rarely.
2. Translate the following words into Russian.
broad sense, several kinds of something, semi-vegitarians, seafood, partial abstinence, to suggest.
| Преподаватель | Заикина Е.М. |
Министерство образования Тверской области
ГБП ОУ «Тверской химико-технологический колледж»
| Рассмотрено ЦК дисциплин общеобразовательного цикла Протокол № ___ от «___»_____ 201__ г. Председатель ЦК __________ С.Д. Никита | Вид промежуточной аттестации | Дифференцированный зачет | УТВЕРЖДАЮ Зам. руководителя по УР __________ И.Н. Горло «___»_____ 201__ г. |
| По учебной дисциплине (междисциплинарному курсу) | ОГСЭ.03. Английский язык | ||
| Специальность | 38.02.05 Товароведение и экспертиза качества потребительских товаров базовой подготовки | ||
| Группа | 2ЭКС-286 |
ВАРИАНТ № 15
1. Read and translate the text.
Fats, carbs, proteins.
But the right vegetarian diet must include all vital ingredients: proteins, fats, carbs, minerals and vitamins. Otherwise, lack of amino acids, calcium, iron, and B-group vitamins can cause bones brittleness, loss of hair and teeth, anemia, and other health problems. Another popular diet is a low-carb or zero-carb diet. Virtually, it is an analogue of a high-protein diet. Within the framework of this nutrition pattern you are allowed to eat as much protein food as you want, but high-carb food consumption is strictly limited. This diet is especially popular with sportsmen and bodybuilders. What is the best protein food? It is low-fat meat and by-products, fish and seafood, milk, cheese and eggs, nuts, leafy vegetables and non-sweet fruit and berries. So, keeping this diet you won’t stay hungry. At the same time, full abstinence from carbs can cause metabolic disorder, problems with memory, headaches and other diseases.
2. Translate the following words into Russian.
much, what, high-carb, protein food, full abstinence, amino acids, another, to keep, metabolic.
| Преподаватель | Заикина Е.М. |
Министерство образования Тверской области
ГБП ОУ «Тверской химико-технологический колледж»
| Рассмотрено ЦК дисциплин общеобразовательного цикла Протокол № ___ от «___»_____ 201__ г. Председатель ЦК __________ С.Д. Никита | Вид промежуточной аттестации | Дифференцированный зачет | УТВЕРЖДАЮ Зам. руководителя по УР __________ И.Н. Горло «___»_____ 201__ г. |
| По учебной дисциплине (междисциплинарному курсу) | ОГСЭ.03. Английский язык | ||
| Специальность | 38.02.05 Товароведение и экспертиза качества потребительских товаров базовой подготовки | ||
| Группа | 2ЭКС-286 |
ВАРИАНТ № 16
1. Read and translate the text.
Fats, carbs, proteins.
So, a low-carb diet allows some bread (ideally — wholegrain), cereals and vegetables. But “unhealthy” carbs, such as sugar, sweets, cookies, white flour and starchy products are strictly forbidden. An important moment: keeping a high-protein diet, you should drink much water in order to avoid metabolic problems. A low-fat diet, as the term suggests, limits fats consumption. It is particularly important for people of ripe years, especially for those prone to obesity. This diet is aimed at reducing blood cholesterol level, which, in turn, lowers the risk of ischemic heart disease. In the framework of this diet, fatty meat products are substituted with lean ones. Besides, consumption of pork, mayonnaise, egg yolk, butter, cream and whole milk is forbidden or strictly limited.
2. Translate the following words into Russian.
fat, to be forbidden, a low-fat diet, some, to allow, cereat, vegetable, sweets, cookies, sugar.
| Преподаватель | Заикина Е.М. |
Министерство образования Тверской области
ГБП ОУ «Тверской химико-технологический колледж»
| Рассмотрено ЦК дисциплин общеобразовательного цикла Протокол № ___ от «___»_____ 201__ г. Председатель ЦК __________ С.Д. Никита | Вид промежуточной аттестации | Дифференцированный зачет | УТВЕРЖДАЮ Зам. руководителя по УР __________ И.Н. Горло «___»_____ 201__ г. |
| По учебной дисциплине (междисциплинарному курсу) | ОГСЭ.03. Английский язык | ||
| Специальность | 38.02.05 Товароведение и экспертиза качества потребительских товаров базовой подготовки | ||
| Группа | 2ЭКС-286 |
ВАРИАНТ № 17
1. Read and translate the text.
Fats, carbs, proteins.
The so-called South Beach Diet allows “good” carbohydrates and fats and restricts consumption of proteins. As the authors of this diet believe, good carbs are contained in wholegrain bread and brown rice. These high-fiber products are good for digesting, contain a lot of vitamins and don’t cause obesity. As for “good” fats, they are contained in fish, seafood, nuts, seeds and alligator pear. These products are enough to satisfy the human need in fats. At the same time, “bad” saturated fats contained in butter, fatty meat, margarine, sweets don’t have any value, and so, they must be excluded. Such approach has a fair amount of sense, though it is controversial, because proteins contained in meat include amino acids, which can hardly be substituted with anything else.
2. Translate the following words into Russian.
controvercial, to contain, fair amount, which, hardly, enough, human need, these, a lot of.
| Преподаватель | Заикина Е.М. |