PUBLIC TRANSPORT
General terms
| Public transport = public transportation = public transit = mass transit | is transport of passengers by group travel systems available for use by the general public, typically managed on a schedule, operated on established routes, and that charge a posted fee for each trip |
| patronage= ridership | the number of people using a transit service (in a year or each day or by a single transit line). |
| Headway | a measurement of the distance or time between vehicles in a transit system. A "shorter" headway signifies a more frequent service |
| Route capacity | the maximum number of vehicles, people, or amount of freight that can travel a given route in a given amount of time |
| dwell time = terminal dwell time | the time a vehicle spends at a scheduled stop without moving. Typically, this time is spent boarding or deboarding passengers, |
| Transit map | a topological map in the form of a schematic diagram used to illustrate the routes and stations within a public transport system |
| A public transport timetable | a document setting out information on service times |
| Convey | перевозить |
| Conveying | перевозка |
| Traffic congestion = jam | Транспортная пробка |
| Road rage | aggressive or angry behavior exhibited by a driver of a road vehicle |
| Jaywalking | occurs when a pedestrian walks in or crosses a roadway illegally |
| Commuting | periodically recurring travel between one's place of residence and place of work, or study |
| Commuter | пассажир, пользующийся общественным транспортом |
Bus transit
| Bus | A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry many passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers |
| A rigid bus | vehicle used in public transportation with a single, rigid chassis (шасси) |
| Articulated bus сочлененный | an articulated vehicle used in public transportation. It is usually a single-deck design, and comprises two rigid sections linked by a pivoting joint (articulation) |
| bi-articulated bus = double-articulated bus | a type of high-capacity articulated bus with two articulation joints that allows it to carry three passenger compartments instead of two |
| Double-decker articulated buses | Двухэтажный сочлененный автобус |
| Minivan (AE), people carrier (BrE), MPV (multi-purpose vehicle) or MUV (multi-utility vehicle | high-roof vehicle with a flexible interior layout. |
| Minibus microbus or minicoach | It can carry more people than a minivan, but fewer people than a full-size bus. In the UK the word "minibus" is used to describe any full-sized passenger carrying van. Minibuses have a seating capacity of between 8 and 30 seats. |
| Midibus | single-decker minibuses which are generally larger than a traditional minibus but smaller than a full-size single decker and can be anywhere between 8 metres and 11 metres long |
| Coach | a type of bus used for conveying passengers at intercity, international bus service, and for private charter for various purposes. |
| Bus rapid transit (BRT, busway, transitway) | a bus-based public transport system designed to improve capacity and reliability relative to a conventional bus system |
Trolleybus
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| trolleybus trolley coach trackless trolley trolley | an electric bus that draws power from overhead wires (generally suspended from roadside posts) using spring-loaded trolley poles spring-loadedtrolley poles – подпружиненныештанговые токоприемники |
| Two wires and poles are required to complete (замкнуть) the electrical circuit. This differs from a tram or streetcar, which normally uses the track (рельс) as the return path (второй проводник), needing only one wire and one pole (or pantograph). Power is most commonly supplied as 600-volt direct current, | |
| dual-mode bus | a bus that can run independently on power from two different sources, typically electricity from overhead lines (in the same way as trolleybuses) or batteries, alternated with conventional fossil fuel |
Urban rail transit
| Urban rail transit | an all-encompassing term for various types of local rail systems providing passenger service within and around urban or suburban areas |
| Tram | A tram is a rail vehicle which runs on tramway tracks along public urban streets. The term "tram" is used in most parts of the world. In North America, these systems are referred to as " streetcar " or " trolley" ”, “ trolley systems ” or “ trolley car ”.In Germany it is called " Straßenbahn " which literally translates as "street train" or "street railway". |
| Light rail = light rail transit (LRT) = fast tram | a rail-based transit system with higher capacity and speed than a tram, usually by operating in an exclusive right-of-way separated from automobile traffic, but which is not fully grade-separated from other traffic like rapid transit is. It operates with multiple unit trains rather than single tramcars. The term "light rail" is the most common term used, though German systems are called " Stadtbahn ", which translates to "city railway" |
| Light railway | is a railway built at lower costs and to lower standards than typical "heavy rail": it uses lighter-weight track, slower operating speeds and lower vehicle capacity. These lighter standards allow lower costs of operation. The term light railway does not imply a narrow gauge railway. Most narrow gauge railways operate as light railways, but not all light railways need be narrow gauge |
| narrow gauge railway | узкоколейка |
| Medium-capacity system = light metro = light rapid transit | is a rail transport system with a capacity greater than light rail, but less than typical heavy-rail rapid transit. |
| Heavy rail | The term has different meanings in different parts of the world. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passenger_rail_terminology#Heavy_rail |
| Monorail | a railway in which the track consists of a single rail. Colloquially, the term "monorail" is often used to describe any form of elevated rail or people mover. Unlike some trams and light rail systems, modern monorails are always separated from other traffic and pedestrians |
| commuter rail = regional rail Elektrichka in Russian | a passenger rail transport service that primarily operates between a city centre and outer suburbs beyond 15 km and commuter towns or other locations that draw large numbers of commuters. It operates on mainline trackage which may be shared with intercity rail and freight trains |
| Rapid transit = metro | a railway in an urban area with high passenger capacities and frequency of service, and full grade separation from other traffic |
Rapid transit (Metro) – terminology in different places
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| Metro is the most common term for underground rapid transit systems used by non-native English speakers. The use of tunnels inspires names such as subway, underground, Untergrundbahn (U-Bahn) in German, or the Tunnelbana (T-bana) in Swedish; The use of viaducts inspires names such as elevated (L or el), skytrain, overhead, overground or Hochbahn in German. One of these terms may apply to an entire system, even if a large part of the network (for example, in outer suburbs) runs at ground level. The terms Underground and Tube are used for the London Underground. The North East England Tyne and Wear Metro, mostly overground, is known as the Metro. The Glasgow Subway underground rapid transit system is known as the Subway. In most of North America, underground transit systems are primarily known as subways, whereas the term metro is a shortened reference to a metropolitan area. Chicago's commuter rail system that serves the entire metropolitan area is called Metra, while its rapid transit system that serves the city is called the " L ". Rapid transit systems such as the Washington Metro, Los Angeles Metro Rail, the Miami Metrorail, and the Montreal Metro are generally called the Metro. In most of Britain, a subway is a pedestrian underpass (подземный переход); | |
| A metropolitan area ~ metro area ~ commuter belt | a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories, sharing industry, infrastructure, and housing |
| A metropolitan area combines an urban agglomeration (the contiguous, built-up area) with zones not necessarily urban in character, but closely bound to the center by employment or other commerce. | |
| urban agglomeration | An urban area is a human settlement with high population density and infrastructure of built environment |
| Unlike an urban area, a metropolitan area includes not only the urban area, but also satellite cities plus intervening rural land that is socio-economically connected to the urban core city, typically by employment ties through commuting, with the urban core city being the primary labor market |
Maglev
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| Maglev (derived from magnetic levitation) | a system of train transportation that uses two sets of magnets, one set to repel and push the train up off the track as in levitation, then another set to move the 'floating train' ahead at great speed taking advantage of the lack of friction. |
Watercraft
| Watercraft | A merchant ship is any floating craft that transports cargo for the purpose of earning revenue. In this context, a passenger ship's "cargo" is its passengers |
| Ferry | is a merchant vessel used to carry passengers, and sometimes vehicles and cargo as well, across a body of water |
| A boat service shuttling between two points would normally be described as a ferry rather than a water bus or taxi | |
| Ferries form a part of the public transport systems of many waterside cities and islands. However, ship connections of much larger may also be called ferry services, especially if they carry vehicles | |
| water taxi | the term is usually confined to a boat operating on demand |
| water bus | the term is usually confined to a boat operating on a schedule |
| sightseeing boat | the term is usually confined to a boat operating with tourists |
| Roll-on/roll-off ferries (RORO) | cars and other large vehicles can be brought aboard. Roll-on/roll-off does not just apply to ferries |
| Roll-on/roll-off passenger (ROPAX) | describes a RORO vessel built for freight vehicle transport along with passenger accommodation. Technically this encompasses all ferries with both a roll-on/roll-off car deck and passenger-carrying capacities, but in practice, ships with facilities for more than 500 passengers are often referred to as cruiseferries |
| Cruiseferry | is a ship that combines the features of a cruise ship with a ROPAX ferry. Many passengers travel with the ships for the cruise experience, staying only a few hours at the destination port or not leaving the ship at all, while others use the ships as means of transportation |
| Train ferry | designed to carry railway vehicles |
Personal_transporter
| Motorcycle мотоцикл | often called a bike, motorbike, or cycle, is a two- or three-wheeled motor vehicle |
| Scooter мотороллер | a type of motorcycle with a step-through frame and a platform for the rider's feet |
| Kick scooter самокат | A, push scooter or scooter is a human-powered land vehicle with a handlebar, deck and wheels that is propelled by a rider pushing off the ground самокат |
| Moped мопед | is a small motorcycle, generally having a less stringent licensing requirement than motorcycles or automobiles because mopeds typically travel about the same speed as bicycles on public roads. Mopeds by definition are driven by both an engine and bicycle pedals |
| Segway | a two-wheeled, self-balancing personal transporter by Segway Inc |
| Unicycle | A self-balancing (also electric unicycle) is a self-balancing personal transporter with a single wheel. |
| Hoverboard | self-balancing personal transporter consisting of two motorized wheels connected to a pair of articulated pads on which the rider places their feet |
| Onewheel | an electric self-balancing recreational personal transporter, described as a one-wheeled electric skateboard |
| Bicycle cycle or bike | also called a, is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other |
| commuter cyclist | человек, использу.obq велосипед вместо общественного транспорта |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patronage_(transportation)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport_timetable
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headway
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlled-access_highway!
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platoon_(automobile)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade_separation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport_bus_service
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transit_bus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercity_bus_service
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coach_(bus)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minivan
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midibus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Articulated_bus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_rapid_transit
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trolleybus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_rail_transit
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passenger_rail_terminology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tram
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medium-capacity_rail_system
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commuter_rail
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_mover
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_transit
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_transit_technology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Track_gauge - ширина рельсовой колеи
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_transport
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_vehicle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_bus
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maglev
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watercraft
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roll-on/roll
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruiseferry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Train_ferry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_area
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_transporter
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scooter_(motorcycle)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segway_PT
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-balancing_unicycle
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-balancing_scooter
Onewheel rider