Rapid transit (Metro) – terminology in different places




PUBLIC TRANSPORT

General terms

Public transport = public transportation = public transit = mass transit is transport of passengers by group travel systems available for use by the general public, typically managed on a schedule, operated on established routes, and that charge a posted fee for each trip
patronage= ridership the number of people using a transit service (in a year or each day or by a single transit line).
Headway a measurement of the distance or time between vehicles in a transit system. A "shorter" headway signifies a more frequent service
Route capacity the maximum number of vehicles, people, or amount of freight that can travel a given route in a given amount of time
dwell time = terminal dwell time the time a vehicle spends at a scheduled stop without moving. Typically, this time is spent boarding or deboarding passengers,
Transit map a topological map in the form of a schematic diagram used to illustrate the routes and stations within a public transport system
A public transport timetable a document setting out information on service times
Convey перевозить
Conveying перевозка
Traffic congestion = jam Транспортная пробка
Road rage aggressive or angry behavior exhibited by a driver of a road vehicle
Jaywalking occurs when a pedestrian walks in or crosses a roadway illegally
Commuting periodically recurring travel between one's place of residence and place of work, or study
Commuter пассажир, пользующийся общественным транспортом

Bus transit

Bus A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry many passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers
A rigid bus vehicle used in public transportation with a single, rigid chassis (шасси)
Articulated bus сочлененный an articulated vehicle used in public transportation. It is usually a single-deck design, and comprises two rigid sections linked by a pivoting joint (articulation)
bi-articulated bus = double-articulated bus a type of high-capacity articulated bus with two articulation joints that allows it to carry three passenger compartments instead of two
Double-decker articulated buses Двухэтажный сочлененный автобус
Minivan (AE), people carrier (BrE), MPV (multi-purpose vehicle) or MUV (multi-utility vehicle high-roof vehicle with a flexible interior layout.  
Minibus microbus or minicoach It can carry more people than a minivan, but fewer people than a full-size bus. In the UK the word "minibus" is used to describe any full-sized passenger carrying van. Minibuses have a seating capacity of between 8 and 30 seats.
Midibus single-decker minibuses which are generally larger than a traditional minibus but smaller than a full-size single decker and can be anywhere between 8 metres and 11 metres long
Coach   a type of bus used for conveying passengers at intercity, international bus service, and for private charter for various purposes.
Bus rapid transit (BRT, busway, transitway) a bus-based public transport system designed to improve capacity and reliability relative to a conventional bus system

Trolleybus

trolleybus trolley coach trackless trolley trolley an electric bus that draws power from overhead wires (generally suspended from roadside posts) using spring-loaded trolley poles   spring-loadedtrolley poles – подпружиненныештанговые токоприемники
Two wires and poles are required to complete (замкнуть) the electrical circuit. This differs from a tram or streetcar, which normally uses the track (рельс) as the return path (второй проводник), needing only one wire and one pole (or pantograph). Power is most commonly supplied as 600-volt direct current,
dual-mode bus a bus that can run independently on power from two different sources, typically electricity from overhead lines (in the same way as trolleybuses) or batteries, alternated with conventional fossil fuel

Urban rail transit

Urban rail transit an all-encompassing term for various types of local rail systems providing passenger service within and around urban or suburban areas
Tram   A tram is a rail vehicle which runs on tramway tracks along public urban streets. The term "tram" is used in most parts of the world. In North America, these systems are referred to as " streetcar " or " trolley" ”, “ trolley systems ” or “ trolley car ”.In Germany it is called " Straßenbahn " which literally translates as "street train" or "street railway".
Light rail = light rail transit (LRT) = fast tram a rail-based transit system with higher capacity and speed than a tram, usually by operating in an exclusive right-of-way separated from automobile traffic, but which is not fully grade-separated from other traffic like rapid transit is. It operates with multiple unit trains rather than single tramcars. The term "light rail" is the most common term used, though German systems are called " Stadtbahn ", which translates to "city railway"
Light railway is a railway built at lower costs and to lower standards than typical "heavy rail": it uses lighter-weight track, slower operating speeds and lower vehicle capacity. These lighter standards allow lower costs of operation. The term light railway does not imply a narrow gauge railway. Most narrow gauge railways operate as light railways, but not all light railways need be narrow gauge
narrow gauge railway узкоколейка
Medium-capacity system = light metro = light rapid transit is a rail transport system with a capacity greater than light rail, but less than typical heavy-rail rapid transit.
Heavy rail The term has different meanings in different parts of the world. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passenger_rail_terminology#Heavy_rail
Monorail a railway in which the track consists of a single rail. Colloquially, the term "monorail" is often used to describe any form of elevated rail or people mover. Unlike some trams and light rail systems, modern monorails are always separated from other traffic and pedestrians
commuter rail = regional rail   Elektrichka in Russian a passenger rail transport service that primarily operates between a city centre and outer suburbs beyond 15 km and commuter towns or other locations that draw large numbers of commuters. It operates on mainline trackage which may be shared with intercity rail and freight trains
Rapid transit = metro a railway in an urban area with high passenger capacities and frequency of service, and full grade separation from other traffic

Rapid transit (Metro) – terminology in different places

Metro is the most common term for underground rapid transit systems used by non-native English speakers. The use of tunnels inspires names such as subway, underground, Untergrundbahn (U-Bahn) in German, or the Tunnelbana (T-bana) in Swedish; The use of viaducts inspires names such as elevated (L or el), skytrain, overhead, overground or Hochbahn in German. One of these terms may apply to an entire system, even if a large part of the network (for example, in outer suburbs) runs at ground level.   The terms Underground and Tube are used for the London Underground. The North East England Tyne and Wear Metro, mostly overground, is known as the Metro. The Glasgow Subway underground rapid transit system is known as the Subway. In most of North America, underground transit systems are primarily known as subways, whereas the term metro is a shortened reference to a metropolitan area. Chicago's commuter rail system that serves the entire metropolitan area is called Metra, while its rapid transit system that serves the city is called the " L ". Rapid transit systems such as the Washington Metro, Los Angeles Metro Rail, the Miami Metrorail, and the Montreal Metro are generally called the Metro.   In most of Britain, a subway is a pedestrian underpass (подземный переход);
A metropolitan area ~ metro area ~ commuter belt a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories, sharing industry, infrastructure, and housing
A metropolitan area combines an urban agglomeration (the contiguous, built-up area) with zones not necessarily urban in character, but closely bound to the center by employment or other commerce.
urban agglomeration An urban area is a human settlement with high population density and infrastructure of built environment
Unlike an urban area, a metropolitan area includes not only the urban area, but also satellite cities plus intervening rural land that is socio-economically connected to the urban core city, typically by employment ties through commuting, with the urban core city being the primary labor market

Maglev

Maglev (derived from magnetic levitation) a system of train transportation that uses two sets of magnets, one set to repel and push the train up off the track as in levitation, then another set to move the 'floating train' ahead at great speed taking advantage of the lack of friction.

Watercraft

Watercraft A merchant ship is any floating craft that transports cargo for the purpose of earning revenue. In this context, a passenger ship's "cargo" is its passengers
Ferry is a merchant vessel used to carry passengers, and sometimes vehicles and cargo as well, across a body of water
A boat service shuttling between two points would normally be described as a ferry rather than a water bus or taxi
Ferries form a part of the public transport systems of many waterside cities and islands. However, ship connections of much larger may also be called ferry services, especially if they carry vehicles
water taxi the term is usually confined to a boat operating on demand
water bus the term is usually confined to a boat operating on a schedule
sightseeing boat the term is usually confined to a boat operating with tourists
Roll-on/roll-off ferries (RORO) cars and other large vehicles can be brought aboard. Roll-on/roll-off does not just apply to ferries
Roll-on/roll-off passenger (ROPAX) describes a RORO vessel built for freight vehicle transport along with passenger accommodation. Technically this encompasses all ferries with both a roll-on/roll-off car deck and passenger-carrying capacities, but in practice, ships with facilities for more than 500 passengers are often referred to as cruiseferries
Cruiseferry is a ship that combines the features of a cruise ship with a ROPAX ferry. Many passengers travel with the ships for the cruise experience, staying only a few hours at the destination port or not leaving the ship at all, while others use the ships as means of transportation
Train ferry designed to carry railway vehicles

Personal_transporter

Motorcycle мотоцикл often called a bike, motorbike, or cycle, is a two- or three-wheeled motor vehicle
Scooter мотороллер a type of motorcycle with a step-through frame and a platform for the rider's feet
Kick scooter самокат   A, push scooter or scooter is a human-powered land vehicle with a handlebar, deck and wheels that is propelled by a rider pushing off the ground самокат
Moped мопед is a small motorcycle, generally having a less stringent licensing requirement than motorcycles or automobiles because mopeds typically travel about the same speed as bicycles on public roads. Mopeds by definition are driven by both an engine and bicycle pedals
Segway a two-wheeled, self-balancing personal transporter by Segway Inc
Unicycle A self-balancing (also electric unicycle) is a self-balancing personal transporter with a single wheel.
Hoverboard self-balancing personal transporter consisting of two motorized wheels connected to a pair of articulated pads on which the rider places their feet
Onewheel an electric self-balancing recreational personal transporter, described as a one-wheeled electric skateboard
Bicycle cycle or bike also called a, is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other
commuter cyclist человек, использу.obq велосипед вместо общественного транспорта

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patronage_(transportation)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport_timetable

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headway

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlled-access_highway!

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platoon_(automobile)

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grade_separation

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport_bus_service

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transit_bus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercity_bus_service

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coach_(bus)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minivan

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midibus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Articulated_bus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_rapid_transit

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trolleybus

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_rail_transit

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passenger_rail_terminology

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tram

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medium-capacity_rail_system

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commuter_rail

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People_mover

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_transit

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_transit_technology

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Track_gauge - ширина рельсовой колеи

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_transport

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_vehicle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_bus

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maglev

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watercraft

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferry

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roll-on/roll

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruiseferry

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Train_ferry

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_area

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_transporter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scooter_(motorcycle)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segway_PT

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-balancing_unicycle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-balancing_scooter

Onewheel rider



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