Задание 1. Работа с техническим текстом «Умные города». Прочитайте текст.
Новая лексика по теме НТП: approachable adj — достижимый; solution n — решение; smooth switch — плавный переход; safety n — безопасность; improve v — улучшать; enable v — позволять; assistance n — помощь; experience v — испытать; reduce v — сокращать; adjust v — регулировать; cut down — сокращать;. leak v — просачиваться; notify — оповещат; available adj — имеющийся в наличии; site n — место происшествия; offer v — предлагать; implementation n — воплощение, реализация
Smart cities, are we living there?
We are all digitalists. Modern citizens living in a modern, digitalized era. Every day we wake up more connected and more productive thanks to the tools and devices out there helping us to have all the complex things in life done simpler. What was once the Internet is now The Internet of Things (IoT). Life is made more enjoyable and goods are more approachable by all the digital solutions. IoT is the smooth switch to smart technologies, helping us to save energy, to improve our safety, and even improve our business. And the game is truly being changed since we’re starting to live in completely connected homes and the living is made so much simpler and easier thanks to smart cities.
The cities themselves are changing and adapting to this new digital dimension providing the citizens an easier and more comfortable life. All this thanks to the machine to machine (M2M) technology that enables information exchange of all networked devices without any human assistance.
Urban environments are already experiencing the benefits of intelligent lighting, the digital signage, the intelligent traffic management. The energy waste is being reduced by the smart urban lighting which adjusts the intensity of the light depending on the presence of people and vehicles in the street. Smart cities are cutting down the billboards, printed posters and deliver the information on the digital signage. Another popular smart city solution is the traffic management. All road systems are being monitored and the drivers are informed of the best route at any given time. Moreover, the traffic management devices control the traffic light utomatically and reduce overcrowding to the minimum.
So how will our everyday life be better living in the smart city? Let’s have a common, yet not a pleasant scenario: if gas leaks, it will be detected by the smart home sensors and the officials will be notified. They will be able to immediately locate the nearest available crew to be sent to the site. The automatic traffic lights will be adjusted so the crew gets there quickly, while the other traffic participants will be informed of the situation by the digital signage. The residents of the building could be alerted immediately and they would also be able to leave the site with the automatically set public transport
By now we all want to live in a city that is fully digital that offers smart solutions. Unfortunately, for full implementation, we’ll have to wait a while, or move to a smarter place.
Задание 2. Ответьте на вопросы на английском языке.
1. Что означает слово “digitalist”? 2. Как цифровые решения меняют нашу жизнь? 3. Чем интернет вещей отличается от Интернета? 4. Как интернет вещей помогает сделать наши города умными? 5. Что подразумевает (imply) технология межмашинного взаимодействия? 6. Как работает умное освещение на улицах умных городов? 7. О чем информируют водителей умные устройства организации дорожного движения? 8. Как умные города делают нашу жизнь безопаснее? 9. Кого электронные табло оповещают об экстренной (emergency) ситуации? 10. Хотите ли вы жить в умном городе?
Задание 3. Search the Internet. Collect information about a smart city feature/technology which was not mentioned in the text. Write a paragraph describing it in detail.
Задание 4. Грамматика Past Perfect
Грамматика. Прошедшее совершенное (Past Perfect) выражает прошедшее действие, предшествовавшее какому-либо определенному моменту в прошлом или завершившееся до другого действия в прошлом, предпрошедшее. Переводится прошедшим временем, иногда с прибавлением уже.
Таблица спряжений глаголов в Past Perfect
| Утвердительная форма | Вопросительная форма | Отрицательная форма |
| I had seen the film | Had I seen the film? | I had not seen the film. |
| He, she, it had seen the film. | Had he, she, it seen the film. | He, she, it had not seen the film. |
| We had seen the film. | Had we seen the film? | We had not seen the film. |
| You had seen the film. | Had you seen the film. | You had not seen the film. |
| They had seen the film. | Had they seen the film. | They had not seen the film. |
Прошедшее совершенное (Past Perfect) может употребляться в следующих случаях:
1. Для выражения прошедшего действия, которое уже совершилось до определенного момента в прошлом. Данный момент времени может быть указан обстоятельством времени (by 6 o’clock, by Saturday, by that time, by the end of the week). He had left by the 5st of Januar y. Он уехал еще до 5 января.
2. Для выражения прошедшего действия, которое уже совершено до другого, более позднего прошедшего действия, выраженного глаголом в Past Indefinite, т.е прошедшее совершенное (Past Perfect), используется в сложноподчиненных предложениях. He had already gone when I arrived. Он уже ушел, когда я появился.
Упражнение 1. Вставьте глаголы в Past Perfect.
- I ………………………………... (to have) breakfast before I went to school.
- He went to meet his friends after he..............................(to do) his homework.
- By 8 o’clock the rain …………………………. (to stop).
- Alice was late because she ………………………....(to miss) the bus.
- She went to the post-office after she ……………………….. (to write) the letter.
- He ………………………. (to work) at the factory before he entered the college.
- He got a bad mark for his test because he ………………….. (to make) a lot of mistakes in it.
- I went to bed after I ……………………. (to finish) reading the book.
- The child ………………………... (to fall) asleep before the parents came home.
- They ……………………………... (to marry) before they bought this house.
Упражнение 2. Дополните предложения, используйте Past Perfect предложенных глаголов: to leave, to go, to die, to see, to live, to fly
- I didn’t read the text in class because I ……………. my book at home.
- The children didn’t want to go to the cinema because they............... already …….... the film.
- Kate wasn’t at home last week because she …………………. to visit her uncle.
- Linda never knew her father because he ……………..... before she was born.
- I was excited when the plane took off because I……………...never ………….... before.
- My grandfather was always afraid of animals because he ………. never …..... in the country.
Упражнение 3. Вставьте глаголы в Past Perfect.
1. Jill was afraid she __________(forget) her key at home, but she found it in her handbag. 2. Dad wasn’t at home when I came back. He ______________ (go) out twenty minutes before. 3. I wasn’t hungry because I______________________________ (just/have) breakfast. 4. Peter saw an urgent message on his table. Somebody ________________ (leave) it the day before. 5. I apologized I ____________________ (not/phone) her. 6. He told me that he __________________ (come back) a fortnight before. 7. I knew him at once though I ______________________ (meet) him many years before. 8. We spent the night in Klin, a town we ___________ (often/hear of) but___________ (never/see). 9. They couldn’t believe he _______________ (give up) his job in the bank. He ____________________ (make) a good living there. 10. Mr. Jackson said that he ____________________ (already/buy) everything for lunch. 11. Alice asked her brother where he _________________ (arrange) to meet his friends. 12. We had no car at that time because we _______________________ (sell) our old one. 13. They _______________________ (finish) painting the ceiling by two o’clock.
Литература: Байдикова, Н. Л. Английский язык для технических направлений (B1–B2): учебное пособие для СПО/ Н. Л. Байдикова, Е. С. Давиденко. — Москва: Издательство Юрайт, 2020. — 171 с. — Текст: электронный // ЭБС Юрайт [сайт]. с. 56 — URL: https://biblio-online.ru/bcode/455909/p.53-56 (дата обращения: 24.04.2020).