Вставьте артикли а/аn, the где это необходимо:
- Mum gave me … tea and apple.
- … tea was hot and sweet.
- What is … weather like today?
- My … brother is at … work. He is … good … driver.
- There are … beautiful flowers in … garden.
- When I come … home, I have … shower and then I have … supper.
- … February is … shortest month of … year.
- … Africa is … large continent.
ПОДГОТОВИТЕЛЬНЫЕ КУРСЫПО АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ. МОУ «ЛИЦЕЙ №2». АЛЕКСЕЕВА И.Е. ЗАНЯТИЕ 3. Местоимение.
| Личные местоимения Personal pronouns Указывают на предмет/лицо, не называя его | Притяжательные местоимения Possessive pronouns указывают на принадлежность (чей? Чья? чьё?) | |||||||
| Именительный падеж | Объектный падеж (все остальные падежи, после предлогов) | Только в сочетании с существительными | Употребляются самостоятельно, без существительного | |||||
| I – я He – он She- она It – оно We – мы You – ты, вы They – они | Me –мне Him – ему Her – ей It – Us – нам You – тебе, вам Them - им | My – мой His – его Her – её Its – Our – наш Your – твой, ваш Their – их It is my book. Our friends are here. Their plan is good. | Mine His Hers Its Ours Yours Theirs The book is not mine. I like this dress of yours. Theirs is the best plan. | |||||
| Неопределённые местоимения - Indefinite pronouns Some, any – обозначают неопределённое качество и количество | ||||||||
| SOME | ANY | NO | ||||||
| В УТВЕРДИТЕЛЬНЫХ I have got some apples. some- в вопросительных - просьба или предложение Would you like some tea? Could I have some more milk? | В ВОПРОСИТЕЛЬНЫХ И ОТРИЦАТЕЛЬНЫХ I have got not any apples. Have you got any apples? Any– в утвердительных- любой, всякий, какой угодно I like any fruit. Come any day you like. | В ОТРИЦАТЕЛЬНЫХ I have no apples. В ед. ч. no=not a(an) I have no telephone = I have not got a telephone. Во мн. ч. No= not any There are no students= There are not any students. | ||||||
| Something – что-то, что-нибудь Somebody – кто-то, кто-нибудь Somewhere – где-то, где- нибудь | Anything– что-то, что-нибудь Anybody- кто-то, кто-нибудь Anywhere- где-то, где-нибудь | Nothing -никто Nobody- ничто Nowhere- нигде | ||||||
| Everything –всё, всё что угодно | Everybody – все, всякий | Everywhere – всюду, везде | ||||||
| МНОГО | МАЛО | |||||||
| Much – с неисчисля емыми сущ. во мн.ч | Many – с исчисляемыми в ед. числе | Little - с неисчисляе мыми существит. во мн.ч | Few - с исчисляемыми в ед. числе | |||||
| He eats much meat. Much of her advice is useful. You must not eat too much salt. You must not eat too much salt, it is unhealthy. | I have many friends. Many of their answers are excellent. She writes many letters to her friends. There are many good teachers in our school. | I drink little coffee. We have little time to do this task. Сравните: I have little time. – У меня мало времени. (плохо) I havea little time. –У меня есть немного времени. (хорошо) | She has few books. She has few cookies in her box. Сравните: I have fewbooks. – У меня мало книг. (плохо) I have a few books. – У меня есть несколько книг.(хорошо) | |||||
ПОДГОТОВИТЕЛЬНЫЕ КУРСЫПО АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ. МОУ «ЛИЦЕЙ №2». АЛЕКСЕЕВА И.Е. ЗАНЯТИЕ 3. Местоимение.
Вставьте much или many.
1. I don’t eat … mangoes. 2. He eats … fish. 3. She ate so … dessert, that she is in bed today with a stomachache. 4. That man drank so … wine and he smoked so … cigarettes, that he has a terrible headache today. 5. Mary must not eat too … salt, because she has problems with her blood pressure. 6. There is not too…space in my flat. 7. There are…new pictures in this room. 8. There are…teachers in our school, and … of them are woman. 8. There were … plates on the table. 9. I never eat…bread with soup. 10. Why did you eat so… ice cream?
2. Вставьте little или few:
1. He has got… friends. 2. I drink… coffee. 3. We must hurry. We have got … time. 4. The Smiths have … money. They are not rich. 5. There was … lemonade in the bottle. 6. There were … in the basket. 7. I have … time, so I cannot go with you. 8. He has … English books. 8. There are … bears in the zoo. 9. There is too … soup in my plate. 10. There was too … light in the room, and I could not read. 11. There are very … people who do not know that the Earth is round.
3. Вставьте much, many, little или few:
1. She ate so … ice cream that she had a sore throat. 2. There is …bread in the kitchen, so I have to go to the supermarket to buy some. 3. Does your sister read...? – Yes, she does. And your brother? – Oh, he does not. He has so … books, but he reads very…. 4. Have you… work to do today? – No, not very. 5. Walk, quicker, please. We have very… time. 6. I am sorry to say, I have read very… books by Walter Scott. 7. My brother is a young teacher. Every day he spends … time preparing for his lessons. 8. I know very…. about this writer. It is the first book I am reading.
4. Вставьте much, many, little или few:
1. Would you like… salad? – Yes, thank you. 2. I have … money, so we can go to the cinema. 3. I have … money, so we cannot go to the cinema. 4. This boy works very … that is why she knows nothing. 5. Mother gave us … apples and we were glad. 6. He did not like it at the camp, he had very … friends there. 7. This lemon drink is sour, if you put … sugar in it, it will be sweeter. 8. The hall was almost empty, there were very … people in it. 9. I cannot buy this expensive hat today: I have too … money. 10. She left and returned in … minutes. I am sorry I have seen … plays by this author.
5. Вставьте much, many, little, few, a little или a few:
1. There are very … old houses left in our street. 2. If you have … free time, look through this book. You will find … stories there which are rather interesting. 3. There are … things here which I cannot understand. 4. He had … English books at home, he had to go to the library for more books. 5. I would like to say … words about the journey. 6. After the game everybody felt … tired. There was … water in the river, and they decided to cross it.
6. Переведите на английский язык:
Много тетрадей, много молока, много воды, много газет, много снега, много лимонов, много птиц, мало чая, мало яблок, мало кофе, мало деревьев, мало сока, мало друзей, немного денег, несколько минут, немного сахару, несколько ложек, немного успеха, несколько кошек.
Тест №2
Имя существительное.
Напишите форму множественного числа следующих существительных:
A cat- a box-
A tomato- a boy-
A city- a woman-
A child- a sheep-
Напишите предложения во множественном числе:
It is a fox-
This is a mouse-
Напишите соответствующие существительные женского рода:
A father- a husband-
A kind- a prince-
A waiter- a hero-
Перефразируйте, используя притяжательный падеж имени существительного:
The umbrella of my friend- my friend’s umbrella
The flat of my parents-
The toys of my children-
The book of the children-
Тест №3
Местоимения
1. Вставьте some, any, no, every или их производные с –thing, -body, -where:
Have you ever seen … of these pictures before?
There is … milk in the fridge, they have drunk it all.
Can I have … juice? - No, I have not …
My Granny has a bad memory, she can not remember …
Does he know … about computers? - Yes, he knows …, he is the best at the University.
… left a pocket in the classroom yesterday.
It is Sunday today and there is … in the office.
2. Вставьте much, many, (a) little, (a) few:
I never eat … bread with soup.
He has got … friends.
I drink … coffee. I do not like it.
I am sorry to say, I have read very … books by Walter Scott.
My sister knows English … so she can help you.
Тест №4 Степени сравнения имён прилагательных.
Употребите прилагательные, данные в скобках, в положительной, сравнительной или превосходной степени:
- What is the name of the (high) mountain in America?
- St. Petersburg is one of the (beautiful) cities in the world.
- This boy is (tall) than that one.
- He speaks English (good) than German.
- She is not so busy as I am.
- It is as (warm) today as it was yesterday.
- A plane is (fast) than a train.
- Russia is a very (large) country.
- Ann is a (clever0 child. She is (quiet) than her brother.
| Односложные и двусложные прилагательные | ||
| Положительная степень | Сравнительная степень | Превосходная степень |
| Small Large Big happy | Smaller Larger Bigger happier | The smallest The largest The biggest The happiest |
| Особые случаи образования степеней сравнения | ||
| Положительная степень | Сравнительная степень | Превосходная степень |
| Old Far Good bad | Older, elder Farther Better worse | The eldest The farthest The best The worst |
| Многосложные прилагательные | ||
| Положительная степень | Сравнительная степень | Превосходная степень |
| Interesting beautiful | More interesting More beautiful | The most interesting The most beautiful Не забудьте употреблять определённый артикль перед прилагательными в превосходной степени. |
| As … as – такой же какEnglish is as difficult as German. not so … as – не такой какThis child is not as tall as that one. not as … as – не такой какKate is not so lazy as her brother. | ||
| Не забывайте употреблять союз than при употреблении сравнительной степени прилагательного. Tom is taller than Kate. The new cinema is much bigger than the old one. |
ПОДГОТОВИТЕЛЬНЫЕ КУРСЫПО АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ. МОУ «ЛИЦЕЙ №2». АЛЕКСЕЕВА И.Е. ЗАНЯТИЕ 4. Степени сравнения имён прилагательных.
Тест №3 Местоимения
1. Вставьте some, any, no, every или их производные с –thing, -body, -where:
Have you ever seen … of these pictures before?
There is … milk in the fridge, they have drunk it all.
Can I have … juice? - No, I have not …
My Granny has a bad memory, she can not remember …
Does he know … about computers? - Yes, he knows …, he is the best at the University.
… left a pocket in the classroom yesterday.
It is Sunday today and there is … in the office.
2. Вставьте much, many, (a) little, (a) few:
I never eat … bread with soup.
He has got … friends.
I drink … coffee. I do not like it.
I am sorry to say, I have read very … books by Walter Scott.
My sister knows English … so she can help you.
ПОДГОТОВИТЕЛЬНЫЕ КУРСЫПО АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ. МОУ «ЛИЦЕЙ №2». АЛЕКСЕЕВА И.Е. ЗАНЯТИЕ 4. Степени сравнения имён прилагательных.
- Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степень следующих прилагательных.
Не забудьте употреблять определённый артикль перед прилагательными в превосходной степени.
Hot, long, short, clever, silly, great, red, black, white, thin, thick, fat, nice, warm, cold, merry, small, tall, high, week, strong, heavy, light, green, dry, clean, dirty, wide, deep, brave.
- Раскройте скобки, употребляя прилагательные в нужной форме:
1.How do you like our marmalade? – I think, it is (delicious). It is much (delicious) than the marmalade I usually buy. – We agree with you, we think this kind of marmalade is (delicious) marmalade in the world. 2. The rivers in America are much (big) than those in England. 3. The island of Great Britain is (small) than Greenland. 4. What is the name of the (high) mountain in Asia? 5. The English Channel is (wide) than the Straits of Gibraltar. 6. Russia is a very (large) country. 7. Which is (large): the United States or Canada? 8. What is the name of the (big) port in the United States? 9. Moscow is the (large) city in Russia. 10. The London underground is the (old) in the world. 11. There is a (great) number of cars and buses in the streets of Moscow than in any other city of Russia. 12. St. Petersburg is one of the (beautiful) cities in the world.
- Вставьте аs … as или so … as:
1. Mike is … tall … Pete. 2. Kate is not … nice … Ann. 3. My room is … light …this one.
4. This book is not … thin … that one. 5. Sergey is … old … Michel. 6. She is … young … Tom. 7. This woman is … good … than one. 8. My English is not … as yours. 9. I am not … tall … my sister. 10. Kate is … lazy … her brother. 11. This child is not … small … that one.
- Раскройте скобки, употребляя прилагательные в нужной форме:
1.We should eat (healthy) food. 2. Today the streets are not as (clean) as they used to be. 3. This man is (tall) than that one. 4. Asia is (large) than Australia. 5. The Volga is (short) than the Mississippi. 6. Which building is the(high) in Moscow? 7. Mary is a (good) student than Lucy. 8. The Alps are (high) than the Urals. 9. This garden is the (beautiful) in our town. 10. She speaks Italian (good) than English. 11. The Thames is (short) than the Volga. 12. The Arctic Ocean is (cold) than the Indian Ocean. 13. Chinese is (difficult) than English. 14. She is not (busy) as I am. 15. It is as (cold) as it was yesterday. January is the (cold) month of the year. 16. My sister speaks English (bad) than I do. 17. Which is the (hot) month of the year? 18. Which is the (beautiful) place in this country? 19. This good-looking girl is the (good) student in our group.
- Переведите на английский язык:
1.Старый – старше - самый старый, мой старший брат, счастливый – счастливее - самый счастливый, длиннее, хуже, лучше, её лучший друг, его старший сын.2. Я знаю интересную историю. Его история интереснее. Она знает самую интересную историю. 3. Наш старый доктор всегда занят. Наш новый доктор даже более занят. 4. Какая самая смешная телевизионная программа? 5. Это очень лёгкая задача. Дайте мне более трудную. 6. Это платье красивое, но моё – красивее. 7. Индия не такая большая, как Китай.
Тест №4 Степени сравнения имён прилагательных.
Употребите прилагательные, данные в скобках, в положительной, сравнительной или превосходной степени:
- What is the name of the (high) mountain in America?
- St. Petersburg is one of the (beautiful) cities in the world.
- This boy is (tall) than that one.
- He speaks English (good) than German.
- She is not so busy as I am.
- It is as (warm) today as it was yesterday.
- A plane is (fast) than a train.
- Russia is a very (large) country.
- Ann is a (clever0 child. She is (quiet) than her brother.
Тест №4 Степени сравнения имён прилагательных.
Употребите прилагательные, данные в скобках, в положительной, сравнительной или превосходной степени:
- What is the name of the (high) mountain in America?
- St. Petersburg is one of the (beautiful) cities in the world.
- This boy is (tall) than that one.
- He speaks English (good) than German.
- She is not so busy as I am.
- It is as (warm) today as it was yesterday.
- A plane is (fast) than a train.
- Russia is a very (large) country.
- Ann is a (clever0 child. She is (quiet) than her brother.
Тест №4 Степени сравнения имён прилагательных.
Употребите прилагательные, данные в скобках, в положительной, сравнительной или превосходной степени:
- What is the name of the (high) mountain in America?
- St. Petersburg is one of the (beautiful) cities in the world.
- This boy is (tall) than that one.
- He speaks English (good) than German.
- She is not so busy as I am.
- It is as (warm) today as it was yesterday.
- A plane is (fast) than a train.
- Russia is a very (large) country.
- Ann is a (clever0 child. She is (quiet) than her brother.
Тест №4 Степени сравнения имён прилагательных.
Употребите прилагательные, данные в скобках, в положительной, сравнительной или превосходной степени:
- What is the name of the (high) mountain in America?
- St. Petersburg is one of the (beautiful) cities in the world.
- This boy is (tall) than that one.
- He speaks English (good) than German.
- She is not so busy as I am.
- It is as (warm) today as it was yesterday.
- A plane is (fast) than a train.
- Russia is a very (large) country.
- Ann is a (clever0 child. She is (quiet) than her brother.
ПОДГОТОВИТЕЛЬНЫЕ КУРСЫПО АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ. МОУ «ЛИЦЕЙ №2». АЛЕКСЕЕВА И.Е. ЗАНЯТИ Е 6. ВРЕМЕНА ГРУППЫPresent.
| Настоящее простое Present Simple (Indefinite) | Настоящее длительное (процесс) Present Continuous (Progressive) | Настоящее завершенное Present Perfect | Настоящее завершенно-длительное Present Perfect Continuous |
| (обычное, регулярное действие) Usually Every day (week, year) | Действие происходит в момент речи Now, at the moment | Действие уже совершилось, есть результат, связь с насто ящим Already yet Just (n)ever For since | Действие началось в прошлом и всё ещё длится в настоящем For since |
| V, Vs (he, she, it) I work at a shop. She works at school. | To be +Ving Am, is, are I am working now. | Have/has + V2/V ed I have already read this book She has been abroad. | Have/has been + V3 I have been playing tennis for two years. |
| - They do not work. They are students. ? Doeshe work in a bank? Yes, he does. No, he does not. | - We are not working now. ? Is he working now?-Yes, he is. No, he is not. | - She has never worked. ? Has he ever played tennis? Yes, he has. No, he has not yet. | - She has not spoken Russian for a month. ? Have you been living in the town since childhood?-Yes, I have. |
| Глаголы, обозначающие состояние (а не действие) - любви и ненависти, -связанных с работой органов чувств и головного мозга, -to be, to have, to know употребляются только в Present Simple, даже если речь идет о том, что происходит сейчас. | I have already read this book. – Я уже прочитал эту книгу (и знаю её содержание). I have been playing tennis for two years. - Я играю в теннис в течение двух лет (и продолжаю играть). Глаголы, не употребляемые в Continuous, следует употреблять в Present Perfect, если по смыслу требуется Present Perfect Continuous. I have known you for 2 years. |
Test. To be, to have.
Поставьте глаголы to be, to have в Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple.
1. She …at school now. 2. …you …at home tomorrow? 3. …your father at work yesterday?
4. My sister …ill last week. She …not ill now. 5. Yesterday we … at the theatre. 6. Where …
your mother now? – She … in the kitchen. 7. Where … you yesterday? – I … at the cinema.
8. When I come home tomorrow, all my family…at home. 9. …your sister in bed now? – Yes, she…. 10. …you … at school tomorrow? – Yes, I ….
ПОДГОТОВИТЕЛЬНЫЕ КУРСЫПО АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ. МОУ «ЛИЦЕЙ №2». АЛЕКСЕЕВА И.Е. ЗАНЯТИ Е 6. ВРЕМЕНА ГРУППЫPresent.
Упраж нение 1
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Continuous.
(NOW) 1. Timothy (to feed) his dog. 2. Mr. Jones (to clean) his yard. 3. Nancy (to paint) her kitchen. 4. Our neighbours (to wash) their car. 5. I (to wash) my hair. 6. Who (to fix) your sink? 7. What she (to do) now? – She (to dance). 8. The children (to brush) their teeth. 9. What he (do) at the moment? – He (to fix) his bicycle. 10. They (to have) a big dinner together. 11. The boys (to run) about in the garden. 12. I (to do) my homework. 13. John and his friends (to go) to the library.
Упражнение 2
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple.
(USUALLY) 1. My sister (to get) up at eight o’clock. 2. She (to be) a schoolgirl. She (to go) to school in the afternoon. 3. Jane (to be) fond of sports. She (to do) her morning exercises every day. 4. For breakfast she (to have) two eggs, a sandwich and a cup of tea. 5. After breakfast she (to go) to school. 6. It (to take) him two hours to do his homework. 7. She (to speak) French well.
Упражнение 3
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Continuous или в Present Simple.
| 1. I (to take) my sister to school now. 2. He (to help) his father now. 3. At the moment they (to go) to the river for a swim. 4. She (to play) the violin now. 5. I (to read) now. 6. He (to sleep) now. | I (to take) her to school every day. He (to help) his father very often. They usually (to go) to the river for a swim. She (to play) the violin every day. I (to read) every day. He (to sleep) every night. |
Упражнение 4
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Continuous или в Present Simple.
1. I (not to know) what to give my brother for his birthday. 2. The (to want) to publish this book in July? 3. She (to think) he (to drive) dangerously. 4. He (to understand) that he (to eat) noisily, bat he always (to forget) about it. 5. Who that man (to be) who (to stand) in the doorway? – You (not to recognize) him? It (to be) John, my cousin. 6. I (to have) no time now, I (to have dinner).
Упражнение 5
В следующих предложениях измените время глагола на Present Perfect. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The pupils are writing a dictation. 2. My friend is helping me to solve a difficult problem. 3. I am learning a poem. 4. She is telling them an interesting story. 5. Kate is sweeping the floor. 6. The waiter is putting a bottle of lemonade in front of him. 7. I am eating my breakfast. 8. We are drinking water. 9. He is bringing them some meat and vegetables. 10. You are putting the dishes on the table.
Упражнение 6
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующейся форме, так чтобы получить Present Continuous или Present Perfect.
1. What are you (to do) here? – I am (to write) a letter to my friends. 2. Who has (to write) this article? 3. What language are you (to study)? 4. We have already (to learn) a lot of English words. 5. What is she (to teach) them? 6. Who has (to teach) you do it? 7. He has just (to do) something for us. 8. Have you (to find) the book? 9. What are you (to look) for? 10. What are you (to talk) about? 11. We have just (to talk) about it. 13. She is (to tell) them some interesting story.