Контрольная работа Вариант 1
1. Найдите и выпишите русские эквиваленты английских слов и словосочетаний:
1. quantity а. жесткий (жесткость)
2. alloy b. углерод
3. carbon с. растяжение
4. substance d. поломка
5. tough(ness) e. количество
6. hard(ness) f. ковкость
7. ductility g. разрыв
8. malleability h. прочность
9. tension i. вязкость
10. compression j. сплав
11. rupture k. твердый (твердость)
12. compression 1. сжатие
13. braking m. вещество
2. Переведите на русский язык встречающиеся в тексте интернациональные слова:
metal, industry, industrial, absolutely, laboratory, steel, elastic, mechanical, result, atom, atomic, structure, special, temperature.
3. Прочтите текст и выполните следующие за ним упражнения:
METALS
1. Mankind has used metals for centuries in gradually increasing quantities but only now they are employed in really great quantities.
2. Today we know more than seventy metals, the majority of which are used in industry.
3. Of all the metals iron is the most important one. Absolutely pure iron is never prepared except for laboratory purposes. The irons and steels in use today are really alloys of iron, carbon and other substances. They can be made elastic, tough, hard, or comparatively soft.
4. Mechanical properties of metals are the result of their atomic structure. They include hardness, ductility and malleability which are of special importance in engineering.
5. Ductility is the capacity of a metal to be permanently deformed in tension without breaking. Malleability is the capacity of a metal to be permanently deformed by compression without rupture.
6. These properties are similar to each other but not the same. Most metals increase these properties at higher temperatures.
7. The strength of a metal is the property of resistance to external loads and stresses.
8. These mechanical properties are of great importance in industrial purposes because all parts and units made of iron and steel must meet up-to-date demands.
Переведите на русский язык письменно абзацы 3,4,5 и 7.
5. Найдите соответствующие ответы на вопросы и напишите их в той последовательности, в которой заданы вопросы:
Вопросы
1. What is the most important metal?
2. What mechanical properties of metals do you know?
3. What is strength?
4. What is ductility?
5. What is malleability?
Ответы
a. The capacity of a metal to be permanently deformed in tension without breaking.
b. Iron.
c. The capacity of a metal to be deformed by compression without rupture.
d. The property of a metal to resist to external loads.
e. Hardness, ductility and malleability.
6. Закончите предложения, выбрав соответствующий вариант окончания:
1. The most important metal in use today is…
a) carbon; b) iron; c) some other metal.
2. Ductility is the capacity of a metal....
3. Malleability is the capacity of a metal....
4. The strength of a metal is the property....
a) to be permanently deformed in tension without breaking.
b) to be permanently deformed by compression without rupture.
c) to resist to external loads and stresses.
Контрольная работа Вариант 2
1. Найдите и выпишите русские эквиваленты английских слов и словосочетаний:
1. ferrous metals а. проводимость
2. cast iron b. углеродистая сталь
3. carbon content с. износостойкость
4. alloy steel d. прочность
5. carbon steel e. обрабатываемость (на станке)
6. strength f. жесткость
7. hardness g. железо
8. ductility h. сплав
9. machinability i. черные металлы
10. resistance to j. чугун
11. conductivity k. содержание углерода
12. iron 1. ковкость
13. silicon m. легированная сталь
14. alloy n. кремний
15. rust-resistant о. нержавеющий
2. Переведите на русский язык встречающиеся в тексте интернациональные слова:
metal, element, industry, steel, material, industrial, electronic, magnetic, type, chemical, mechanical, rocket, automobile.
3. Прочтите текст и выполните следующие за ним упражнения:
FERROUS METALS AND STEELS
1. Ferrous metals consist of iron combined with carbon, silicon and other elements. But carbon is the most important element in ferrous alloys.
2. Ferrous metals are used in industry in two forms: steel and cast iron, which differ in the quantity of carbon content.
3. Alloys consist of a simple metal combined with some other element. Steel is a ferrous material having some carbon content. There are two kinds of steel: carbon steel and alloy steels.
4. Carbon steel should contain only iron and carbon without any other alloying element.
5. Alloy steels are those in which in addition to carbon an alloying element is present. These alloying elements have an effect on the properties of steel. They increase its strength and hardness, for example, high percentage of chromium makes steel rust-resistant, and we call it "stainless steel".
6. Strength, ductility and machinability are the most important industrial and commercial properties of steel. Such properties as resistance to wear, electrical conductivity, magnetic properties are important in special uses of metals.
7. According to their chemical and mechanical properties steels may be used in different branches of industry, for example, in machine-building, rocket engineering, automobile industry, etc.