1. The agricultural machinery may be … … or drawn and powered hy a tractor?
2. Such machine as … cuts down green hay.
3. The combine picks … from the stalks.
4. We must use … to prevent pests.
_____________________________________________________________
Crop rotation, self-propelled, the ears, a field chopper.
Задание №11
Закончите предложения.
1. Specialized machinery is used to harvest ….
2. After being cut down, the hay ….
3. The cleaned grain is gathered in ….
4. Definite pests are controlled by ….
Вариант IV
Задание №1
Употребите глагол to be в нужной форме (am, is, are, was, were, shall be, will be). Переведите предложения.
1. Only high-productive dairy and beef breeds of cattle... at the Exhibition next year.
2. He reported that the climatic conditions of that region... not very favourable for dairy farming.
3. Fertilizers... very important for improving the soil.
4. The area of the farm... 420 acres, 350 of which... in glass now.
5. Plant growing and animal husbandry... the main branches of agriculture.
Задание №2
Поставьте глагол to have в нужную временную форму
(Present, Past or Future Indefinite) и переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Our academy... an extra-mural department now.
2.... the Ural farmers … buckwheat plants in their fields last summer?
3.... she... tulips in her hothouse March next year?
4. We... many seedlings of fruit trees for our garden in May.
5. They... thick forests around their farm.
6. He... neither horse nor cow on his farm two years ago.
Задание №3
Вставьте нужный предлог и переведите предложения.
1. Agronomists have a lot... work... the fields.
2. Life is impossible... water.
3. It is a very rich area... fertile soil.
4. The farm produces high yields... crops.
5. There are many apples... the ground... my garden.
6. I usually water cucumbers... 8 p. m.... the evening.
Задание №4
Поставьте глагол в соответствующем времени.
Переведите предложения.
1. This variety of beardless wheat (to be adapted) to our local conditions next year.
2. Last year our farm (to use) new methods in planting this crop.
3. Next summer they (gather) a high yield of barley.
Задание №5
Вставьте подходящие по смыслу модальные глаголы, переведите предложения.
1. Computer... be easily applied to fertilizer doses calculation.
2. Farmer... be responsible for harvesting.
3. "... I help you" - this phrase is often used by children gathering fruit.
4. The combine driver felt ill. He... stay in bed.
Задание №6
Переведите письменно 1, 2 и 7 абзацы текста на русский язык.
Pollution
1. The British, like many other Europeans, are becoming more and more worried (беспокоиться) about their environment. Here are some of the environmental problems that they meet with.
2. As the population of large cities like London, Birmingham and Manchester continues to grow, pollution problems become worse.
3. The air in many towns and cities is being polluted by traffic (транспорт, движение) and industry. The number of cars and lorries is growing all the time. On the one hand, they bring mobility to millions of people, but on the other hand, they need bigger, better and more expensive roads, which often ruin the countryside (сельская местность). Traffic in cities is getting worse and worse. Water pollution has become a serious problem in many British rivers. People living near airports suffer from the noise of increasingly larger and more powerful jet airliners taking off and landing.
4. There are over 150 super cities in the world with population from one to 15 million and more. Tokyo, New York, London, Mexico City, Rio de Janeiro and Moscow are just a few of the cities which have become super cities.
5. People in the super cities suffer from polluted environment: bad water, bad air and noise. A new term, urban (городской) climate, is used now for such cities. It means high temperature, oppressive atmosphere and intensive smog.
6. Some experts consider that it is practically impossible to protect the big cities from pollution. The World Health Organization (WHO) has been studying air pollution around the world for over eight years. It measured two things: the level of sulphur dioxide (So2) in the air and the level of smoke. Sulphur dioxide and smoke pollute water and have serious effect on forests, buildings and health of people.
7. In the WHO report it is shown that the cities with the most considerable level of Co2 in the air are Milan, Teheran, Prague, Santiago and Sao Paulo. However, some cities with clean air get worse in winter. Helsinki, for example, becomes one of the cities, with the largest proportion of it in the air in winter. This must be connected with the heating of houses. One can also mention (упоминать) Glasgow and Warsaw which suffer in the same way.
Задание №7
Ознакомьтесь с содержанием текста и письменно ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. What are the main ecological problems?
2. What do people suffer in big cities from?
3. What measures must be taken to protect big cities from pollution?
Задание №8
Прочтите текст и переведите его на русский язык.
MOLDBOARD PLOWS
Moldboard Plows. The plow is of the oldest of all agricultural implements and is generally considered to be the most important tillage tool. Although yield studies have indicated that under certain conditions with some crops there is no apparent adyantage in plowing, the moldboard plow is still by far the most-used implement for primary tillage in seedbed preparation.
Types of Moldboard Plows. The popularity of mounted plows has increased tremendously since the advent of hydraulic controls on tractors. Mounted plows generally have from one to three bottoms, whereas common sizes of trailed plows have from two to five bottoms.
Most moldboard plows are designed to turn the furrow slices only to the right. Some plows, however, have two sets of opposed bottoms (right-hand and left-hand) that can be used selectively. With this arrangement, known as a two-way plow, all the furrows can be turned toward the same side of the field by using the right-hand bottoms for one direction of travel and the left-hand bottoms on the return trip. The two sets of bottoms may be mounted on separate frames so that they can be raised and lowered independently, or they may be on opposite sides of a common frame that is rotated about either a longitudinal or a lateral axis when the plow is raised at the end of the field.
The Plow Bottom. The basic unit of a moldboard plow is the plow bottom. The primary functions of the plow bottom are to cut the furrow slice, loosen or pulverize the soil, and invert the furrow slice to cover trash.
The size of a moldboard plow bottom is the width of furrow that it is designed to cut. With the standard length of share, the size is the perpendicular distance from the landside to the share wing tip. The most common sizes are 12-, 14-, and 16- in., although both larger and smaller widths are available.
In the past, shares have been predominantly of the general type shown in Fig. 21 a. These shares are removed and resharpened when they become dull. The present trend, however, is toward disposable shares of the types illustrated in Fig. 21 b (single-piece disposable type) and Fig 21 c (two-piece disposable type).
Since disposable shares have a lower initial cost, they can economically be replaced when dull or worn, rather than being resharpened.
Because the point wears much faster than the rest of the share, some disposable shares are two-piece units.
Задание №9
Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.
. What do you know about the plow?
2. How many bottoms have the mounted blows?
3. What are two – types of plows?
4. Would board plow bottom?
Задание №10